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Published by: Mintel International Group Ltd.
Published: Feb. 1, 2010 - 88 Pages
Table of Contents- SCOPE AND THEMES
- What you need to know
- Definition
- Sources
- Consumer survey data
- Consumer Expenditure Survey
- Abbreviations and terms
- Abbreviations
- Generations
- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
- BLACK PURCHASING POWER
- THE RECESSION AND BLACK EXPENDITURES
- Medical expenses
- Personal care products and services
- Savings
- Spending
- Transportation
- Food and beverage
- Apparel and footwear
- BLACK PURCHASING POWER
- Key points
- HOUSEHOLD INCOME DISTRIBUTION
- Figure 1: Median household income, by race and Hispanic origin of householder, 2008
- Black income
- Figure 2: Household income distribution for all households and Black households, 2008
- Income of Black households versus total U.S. households
- Figure 3: Increase in percentage of Black households with incomes of $50K or more versus total U.S. households, 2003 and 2007
- Black purchasing power
- Figure 4: Purchasing power, by race/Hispanic origin, 2008
- Figure 5: Top 10 states with the largest share of Black buying power, 2008
- Figure 6: Top 10 states, by rate of growth of Black buying power, 1990-2008
- BLACK HOUSEHOLDS
- Figure 7: Average household size, by Hispanic origin/race of householder, 2001 and 2008
- Figure 8: Black households and all households, by size, 2009
- Figure 9: Black households and all households, by presence and ages of children, 2009
- BLACK HOUSEHOLD EARNERS
- Household income distribution by race
- Figure 10: Household income distribution, by race and Hispanic origin of householder, 2008
- Household earners by income
- Figure 11: Number of household earners, by household income, November 2009
- Household earners by age
- Figure 12: Number of household earners, by age, November 2009
- Income changes in the household
- Those earning less have seen a decline in household income
- Figure 13: Changes in household income, by household income, November 2009
- College educated Blacks are less likely to see their income decrease
- Figure 14: Changes in household income, by educational attainment, November 2009
- SPENDING AND SAVINGS HABITS
- Men are less likely to change spending habits
- Figure 15: Changes in spending habits, by gender, November 2009
- High income earners are also spending less in this economy
- Figure 16: Changes in spending habits, by household income, 2009
- Regardless of gender, saving is not a priority
- Figure 17: Changes in saving habits, by gender, November 2009
- The Black middle class is saving less than a year ago
- Figure 18: Changes in saving habits, by household income, November 2009
- Men seem to be better savers
- Figure 19: Monthly saving habits, by gender, November 2009
- Amount saved is reflective of income level
- Figure 20: Monthly saving habits, by household income, November 2009
- Households with children save more than those without children
- Figure 21: Monthly saving habits, by number of children in the household, November 2009
- CATEGORY EXPENDITURES
- Key points
- CATEGORY EXPENDITURES
- Figure 22: Average annual expenditures, Black CUs, by expenditure category, 2002-10
- Figure 23: Average annual expenditures, non-Black CUs, by expenditure category, 2002-10
- DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENDITURES
- Figure 24: Average annual expenditures of Black and non-Black CUs, indexed to all CUs, 2008
- Figure 25: Average annual distribution of expenditures, by categories, by Black and non-Black CUs, 2008
- HOUSEHOLD EXPENSES
- Younger Blacks are learning to save
- Figure 26: Attitudes towards monthly expenses, by age, November 2009
- Monthly household expenses—lack of perspective or overextended financially
- Figure 27: Attitudes towards monthly expenses, by household income, November 2009
- CHANGES IN HOUSEHOLD SPENDING
- Those aged 35-44 are the least likely to reduce expenditures in discretionary categories
- Figure 28: Changes in household spending, by age, November 2009
- HOUSEHOLD EXPENSES
- Top three household expenses, lifestage is a factor
- Figure 29: Top three household expenses, by age, by highest expense, 2009
- Household income has little impact on household expenses
- Figure 30: Top three household expenses, by household income, 2009
- SHOPPING
- Frequently purchased items
- Figure 31: Frequently purchased items, by age, November 2009
- Frequently purchased items by income
- Figure 32: Frequently purchased items, by household income, November 2009
- Seldom-purchased items vary by age
- Figure 33: Infrequently purchased items, by age, November 2009
- Low income respondents tend to purchase technology more frequently
- Figure 34: Infrequently purchased items, by household income, November 2009
- Shopping outlets for food items
- Figure 35: Preferred shopping outlets for food items, by household income, November 2009
- Shopping outlets for non-food items
- Figure 36: Preferred shopping outlets for non-food items, by household income, November 2009
- LARGER EXPENDITURE INCREASES
- Key points
- EXPENDITURES 2003 VERSUS 2008
- Figure 37: Distribution of expenditures, Black versus total U.S., 2003 and 2008
- PERSONAL INSURANCE/PENSIONS
- Figure 38: Distribution of average annual personal insurance and pensions expenditures, by Black and other races, 2008
- Figure 39: Average annual Black expenditures on personal insurance and pensions, 2002-10
- HEALTHCARE
- Figure 40: Distribution of average annual healthcare expenditures, by Black and other races, 2008
- Changes in healthcare expenditures
- Figure 41: Average annual Black household expenditures on healthcare, 2002-10
- Figure 42: Changes in household spending for medical expenses, by household income, November 2009
- Medical insurance
- Figure 43: Ownership of health insurance, by race/Hispanic origin, April 2008-June 2009
- Health insurance by household income
- Figure 44: Black ownership of health insurance, by household income, April 2008-June 2009
- EDUCATION
- Education expenditures
- Figure 45: Distribution of average annual expenditures education across categories, by Black and other races, 2008
- Education expenditure increases
- Figure 46: Average annual Black expenditures on education, 2002-10
- Education expenditures are affected by household income
- Figure 47: Changes in household spending for education, by household income, November 2009
- Education expenditures decrease the most by those with more than two children
- Figure 48: Changes in household spending for education, by number of children in the home, November 2009
- HOUSING
- Average annual housing expenditures
- Figure 49: Distribution of average annual shelter expenditures, by Black and other races, 2008
- Changes in housing expenditures
- Figure 50: Average annual Black expenditures on housing, 2002-10
- Those with lower household income are spending more on housing
- Figure 51: Changes in household spending on mortgage or rent, by household income, November 2009
- Increases in housing expenditure affect even the most educated Blacks
- Figure 52: Changes in household spending on mortgage or rent, by education level, November 2009
- SMALLER EXPENDITURE INCREASES
- Key points
- FOOD AND BEVERAGES
- Food and beverage expenditures
- Figure 53: Average annual expenditures on food and beverages, by Black and non-Black CUs, 2002-10
- Black adults under-index on alcoholic beverage expenditure
- Figure 54: Average annual expenditures of food and beverage, by Black and other reaces, indexed to all CUs, 2008
- Figure 55: Average annual distribution of food and beverage expenditures, by Black and other races, 2008
- Lower income Blacks spend more on groceries
- Figure 56: Changes in household spending on groceries, by household income, November 2009
- Decision-maker by gender
- Figure 57: Major influencer in regular purchasing decisions, by gender, November 2009
- Food away from home
- Weekday dinner purchases
- Figure 58: Weekday dinner purchased in past 30 days, by type of establishment and household income, November 2009
- Weekend dinner purchases
- Figure 59: Weekend dinner purchased in past 30 days, by type of establishment and household income, November 2009
- APPAREL
- Average annual expenditure
- Figure 60: Average annual expenditures on apparel, by Black and other races, 2008
- Changes in clothing and footwear expenditures
- Figure 61: Average annual Black expenditures on Apparel and services, 2002-10
- Regardless of household income, clothing and footwear expenditure is down
- Figure 62: Changes in household spending on clothing and footwear, by household income, November 2009
- Apparel purchasing frequency
- Figure 63: Frequency of Black household spending on clothing and footwear, by household income, November 2009
- Apparel purchasing frequency is not always impacted by children in the home
- Figure 64: Purchase frequency of clothing and footwear, by number of children in the home, November 2009
- PERSONAL CARE
- Personal care expenditures
- Figure 65: Average annual expenditures on personal care products and services, Black CUs, 2002-10
- Figure 66: Distribution of average annual personal care expenditures, by Black and other races, 2008
- Personal care product expenditures
- Figure 67: Changes in household spending on personal care products, by household income, November 2009
- Black women are cutting back on personal care expenditures
- Figure 68: Changes in household spending on personal care products, by gender, November 2009
- Personal care services
- Figure 69: Changes in household spending on personal care services, by household income, November 2009
- Black women are cutting back significantly on personal care services
- Figure 70: Changes in household spending on personal care services, by gender, November 2009
- U.S. BLACK POPULATION
- Key points
- U.S. population by race/Hispanic origin
- Figure 71: Population, by race and Hispanic origin, 2004-14
- Figure 72: Population, by race/Hispanic origin, 1970-2020
- Figure 73: Asian, Black, and Hispanic populations, 1970-2020
- U.S. Black population
- Black population by age
- Figure 74: U.S. Black population, by age, 2004-14
- U.S. Black geographic concentration
- Figure 75: Black geographic concentration, by region, 2007
- Black population by state
- Figure 76: States with largest black population, 2008
- Figure 77: States with the highest share of black residents, 2008
- Black metros
- Figure 78: Metropolitan status of black households, 2001 and 2007
- Figure 79: Top 10 metropolitan areas with the largest number of Black residents, 2006-08
- Average household size
- Figure 80: Average household size, by Hispanic origin/race of householder, 2001 and 2008
- Figure 81: Households with children, by race and Hispanic origin of householder, 2007
- APPENDIX: ADDITIONAL CONSUMER EXPENDITURE TABLES
- Black and non-Black households
- Figure 82: Average annual expenditures, Black and other race households, by expenditure category, 2008
- Figure 83: Changes in household spending, by household income, November 2009
- HOUSEHOLD EXPENSES
- Top three household expenses by age
- Figure 84: Top three household expenses, by age, by highest expense, 2009
- Household expenses by income
- Figure 85: Top three household expenses, by household income, 2009
- Insurances
- Figure 86: Average annual expenditures on personal insurance, by Black and other races, 2008
- Healthcare
- Figure 87: Average annual expenditures on healthcare, by Black and other races, 2008
- Education
- Figure 88: Changes in household spending for education, by age, November 2009
- Figure 89: Average annual expenditures on education, by Black and other races, 2008
- At home
- Figure 90: Changes in household spending on mortgage or rent, by age, November 2009
- Figure 91: Changes in household spending on groceries, by age, November 2009
- Figure 92: Average annual expenditures on shelter, by Black and other races, 2008
- Figure 93: Average annual expenditures on food and beverage, by Black and other races, 2008
- Apparel and footwear
- Figure 94: Changes in household spending on clothing and footwear, by age, November 2009
- Figure 95: Average annual apparel expenditures indexed to all CUs, by Black and other races, 2008
- Personal care expenditures
- Figure 96: Average annual expenditures on personal care products and services, by Black and other races, 2008
- Figure 97: Average annual personal care products and services expenditures indexed to all CUs, by Black and other races, 2008
- Entertainment
- Figure 98: Average annual expenditures in entertainmet, by Black and other races, 2008
- Figure 99: Distribution of average annual entertainment expenditures, by Black and other races, 2008
- Home furnishings
- Figure 100: Average annual expenditures on household furnishings and equipment, by Black and other races, 2008
- Figure 101: Average annual household furnishings and equipment expenditures indexed, by Black and other races, 2008
- Telecommunications
- Figure 102: Average annual expenditures on telephone services, by Black and other races, 2008
- Figure 103: Average annual telephone services expenditures indexed, by Black and other races, 2008
- APPENDIX: TRADE ASSOCIATIONS
AbstractFrugality appears to be the order of the day, but African Americans and Hispanics are making bigger adjustments to spending, saving and work habits than any other groups as a result of the economic recession, according to a national survey conducted for Citigroup Inc.
The random telephone survey conducted by Hart Research Associates on behalf of Citigroup and reported in the November/December 2009 issue of Network Journal found that 63% of American consumers surveyed said the way they spend and save has been forever changed; and 60% said they would continue to cut back on everyday expenses, and save and invest more. Only a third of those surveyed said their spending and saving would go back to the way it was before the recession.
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