Nutrigenomics: Impacts on Diets, Markets, and Health

Published by: CHI Insight Pharma Reports

Published: Jun. 1, 2005 - 282 Pages

Table of Contents

Chapter 1. Introduction

1.1. Background to Scientific Developments

1.2. Definitions and Concepts

The Concept of Genetic Variation

Oat Fiber and Serum Cholesterol

Osteoporosis, Caffeine, and the Vitamin D Receptor Gene

1.3. From Pharmacogenomics to Nutrigenomics

Pharmacogenomics Has Its Own Value Chain

Pharmaceutical Companies Are Early Adopters of Genomic Tools

Nutrigenomics: Similar Biotech Tools, Different Questions

Additional Distinctions between Food and Drug Applications

1.4. Nutrigenomics: A Business Definition

Where Are We Today?

Genomics and Genetic Tools—Implications along the Entire Food Value Chain

Chapter 2. Science & Technology

2.1. Introduction

2.2. Survey Overview

2.3. Technologies Used in Nutrigenomic Research

Microarrays

Bioinformatics

Cell Culture

Genetic Strategies

Biomarkers

2.4. Clinical Diagnostics: Nutritional Genomic Tests

Introduction: Polygenic Genetic Testing

Nutritional Genomic Clinical Diagnostic Business Development Activity

Cardiovascular Disease

Bone Health

Immune Health

Detoxification

B Vitamin Health (Folic Acid)

Antioxidation

Insulin Resistance (Insensitivity)

Diabetes

Kidney Disease

Obesity

Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Metabolic Syndrome

Non-Specific Diseases

2.5. Ag-Biotech Nutrigenomic Technologies

Chapter 3. Nutritional Genomics: The Business Landscape

3.1. Introduction

3.2. Agricultural Biotechnology

Will Nutritional Enhancement of Food Crops Move Agricultural Biotechnology Forward?

Golden Rice: A Public-Private Partnership Model for Nutritionally Enhanced Commodity Crops?

3.3. Value-Added Food, Feed, and Dietary Supplement Ingredient Industries

Utilizing Genomic Technologies in Pursuit of New Products with Health Benefits

Ingredient Industry Perspectives on Nutritional Genomics

Nutrigenomic Diagnostic Testing: Validity and Potential Value

Animal Health

Business Models: Internal Development versus Alliances

Role of the Health Professional

Scope of the Business Opportunity

Barriers to the Technology’s Success

Ethical or Liability Issues

3.4. Laboratory Testing for Food Safety and Quality Control

The Scope of Microbiology Testing in the Food Industry

Non-Traditional Microbiological Methods

PCR Methods

DNA -Based Microarrays

DNA -Hybridization Methods

3.5. Nutrigenomics and Consumer Packaged Foods—Not Ready for Prime Time

Industry Trends, Dynamics, and Driving Forces

The Wal-Mart Phenomenon

The Packaged-Food Industry Continues to Consolidate

Strong Internal Competency in the Nutritional Sciences is De-Emphasized

The Obesity Epidemic Challenges Industry Image and Growth

“Culinology” Comes to Food Product Development

Food Ingredient Suppliers—Key Players in Food Product Development Today

Higher-Risk Technical Innovation in Universities and Start-Up Companies

Packaged-Food Industry Viewpoints on Nutrigenomics

Industry Definitions

Why is Nutrigenomics Important?

How Will the Business Evolve for Consumer-Product Companies?

How the Evolving Science Should Impact the Industry

The Role of Health Professionals

Regulatory Issues

Packaged-Food Executives’ Perspectives on How Nutrigenomics Will Affect the Industry

Nestle and Unilever Are Exceptions to the Rule

3.6. Dietary Supplement Companies Enter the Nutrigenomics Market via Alliances with Diagnostic Companies

Dietary Supplement Companies Utilize Nutrigenomics as a Marketing Tool

Industry Trends, Driving Forces, and Market Dynamics

Dietary Supplement Company Culture and Business

Dietary Supplement Industry Viewpoints on the Business Opportunity

R&D Vice Presidents’ Viewpoints on How Nutrigenomics Will Impact the Food and Nutritional Product Industries

The Role of Health Professionals

3.7. Medical Food Companies

Perceived Regulatory Issues

The Pharmaceutical Industry’s Interest and Response

3.8. Diagnostic Services and Biotechnology

Research Applications in Nutritional Genomics

Applications in Food and Dietary Ingredients

Nutritional Genomic and Metabolomic Applications in Drug and Diagnostic Research

Clinical Applications of Nutrigenomics

Nutrigenetic Testing for Personalized Nutrition

Costs of Nutrigenetic Testing and Supplements

Nutritional Genomic Clinical Diagnostics

Diabetes

Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH)

Obesity

Non Specific

Relevant Patents

3.9. Expert Interviews

Chapter 4. Market Potential

4.1. Seed Commodities with Enhanced Nutritional Composition

Edible Oils Low In or Free of Trans Fatty Acids

Bringing High Omega-3 Oilseeds to Market

The Nutritional Rationale for Increased Omega-3 Consumption

A Possible Genomic Approach for High Omega-3 Oilseeds

Key Components for Success

Consumer Interest

Acceptance by the Academic Community and Public Health Policymakers

Regulatory, Technical, and Logistic Hurdles

Estimating the Business Opportunity

U.S. Consumer Attitudes towards Genetically Modified Foods

The Role of Consumer Education

Media Coverage Drives Public Opinion

Consumers Support Labeling of Genetically Modified Foods or Ingredients

Consumer Attitudes towards Genetically Modified Foods in Canada, Europe, and Asia

Overcoming Consumer Reluctance to Genetically Engineered Foods

4.2. Nutrigenomics and Food-Producing Animals

Applications to Meat-Producing Animals

Applications to Milk and Eggs

A Cow That Produces Lactose-Free Milk is a Research Goal

Farm Animals Used for Low-Cost Pharmaceutical Production

Consumer Attitudes toward Genetic Modification of Animals

4.3. Future Outlook for Molecular and Gene-Based Testing for Monitoring Food Safety and Food Quality Control

4.4. Personalized Nutrition Testing Services for Consumers

Trends Driving Interest in Personalized Nutrition

Challenges of a Business Model that Relies on a Doctor’s Recommendation

Benefits and Risks of a Direct-to-Consumer ( DTC ) Business

U.S. Consumer Interest in Nutrigenomics

The Business Outlook for Personalized Genetic Testing

4.5. Genomics and Genetics: Technology Applications to Food and Drugs, and Implications for Consumers

Nutrigenomics and Pharmacogenomics

Current Scientific Issues

Regulatory Guidelines Address Personalized Medicine

Gene-Based Methods Identify Bioactive Food Components and May Support Product Claims for -Food and Dietary Ingredients

Nutrigenetics and Pharmacogenetics

Clinical Validation of Nutrigenetic and Pharmacogenetic Tests

Ethical Management of Genetic Information

Global Legistators Address Ethical Issues Surrounding Genetic Tests

Protecting Consumers from Genetic Discrimination by Health Insurers and Employers

Health Insurance Reimbursement Issues

Current Genetic Test Regulations in the U.S. May Allow Expansion of DTC Marketing

DTC Advertising for Genetic Tests Raises Issues for Healthcare Policymakers, Providers, and Consumers

Chapter 5. Conclusions

5.1. Current and Developing Technologies

5.2. Genomics Technologies Influence All Segments of the Food Value Chain

5.3. How Might Markets Unfold Along the Food Value Chain?

The Agricultural Biotechnology Industry Could Positively Impact Public Perception of Genetically Engineered Foods

Device Development for Food Production Quality Control and Food Safety

Systems Biology Tools Are a Strategic and Competitive Asset for Value-Added Ingredient Companies with a Health Platform

The Dietary Supplement Industry Embraces Genomics as a Marketing Tool

The Packaged-Food Industry May Be Slow to Link Their Products to Their Consumers’ Genetic Profiles

The New Business of Consumer Nutrigenetic Testing

Abstract

Nutrigenomics: Impacts on Markets, Diets, and Health provides the scientific and business communities with an overview of nutrigenomics—the tailoring of diet to personal genetics. The report presents a broad overview of the primary segments along the food industry value chain in 2005, with a look at how nutrigenomic technologies are influencing each segment. The barriers and opportunities are discussed in each area, and a qualitative forecast is presented of how these new technologies will ultimately impact companies, markets, and consumers. The analysis is based on primary and secondary research, including interviews with thought-leading nutritional geneticists and heads of nutrigenomic testing firms, and on extensive psychographic surveying of consumers.

The science of nutrition and genomics is driving the emergence of nutrigenomic food products, some of which are unique and patentable, that cross traditional pharma, biotech, and food industry boundaries. Within the new field of diagnostic tests that relate to diet and health, two applications have emerged: Nutrigenetic tests are being used for personalized nutrition testing, and tests are also being developed to predict risk or susceptibility for diet-related diseases. Moreover, the public appears to be receptive to these developments: proprietary survey results indicate that consumers would be willing to pay from $184-$483 (median, $314) for a nutrigenetic test!

The report includes:

• A definition of nutrigenomics.
• The technologies that are being introduced and adapted to study nutritional genetics and to develop products in the pharmaceutical, diagnostics, and food-related industries.
• Potential models of how nutrigenomics will play out in the marketplace.
• A survey of the IP landscape.
• Consumer perceptions and actions regarding nutrigenomics.
• The regulations governing nutrigenetic diagnostic products.

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