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Published by: Icon Group International, Inc.
Published: Oct. 11, 2000 - 191 Pages
Table of Contents
1 Introduction & Methodology
1.1 What does this report cover?
1.2 Evaluating Colombia
1.3 Latent Demand and Accessibility in Colombia
2 Heavy Construction Equipment
2.1 Latent demand and accessibility: background
2.2 Latent demand: aspects of interest
2.2.1 Market Profile
2.2.2 Statistical Data
2.2.3 Best Sales Prospects
2.3 accessibility: the structure of competition
2.3.1 Local Production
2.3.2 Third Country Imports
2.3.3 U.S. Presence
2.3.4 End-User Analysis
2.4 accessibility: key factors
2.4.1 Import Climate
2.4.2 Distribution Practices
2.4.3 Financing
2.5 Key Contacts
2.5.1 Government Agency
2.5.2 Principal Associations
2.5.3 Leading Construction Firms
2.5.4 Agents and Distributors
2.5.5 Publications suitable for Advertising
2.5.6 Trade Events
2.5.7 International Buyers Groups
3 The Economics Of Latent Demand In Colombia
3.1 Executive Summary
3.2 Economic Issues in Colombia
3.2.1 Economic Dynamics
3.2.2 Principal Growth Sectors/Sectoral Performance
3.2.3 Government Intervention Risks
3.2.4 Balance of Payments Issues
3.2.5 Infrastructure Development
4 Export Accessibility In Colombia
4.1 Executive Summary
4.2 Exporting to Colombia
4.2.1 Banks/Financial Institutions
4.2.2 Reserve and Foreign Currency Requirements
4.2.3 Lending Regulations
4.2.4 Exchange Control Risks
4.2.5 Prior Deposit Requirement
4.2.6 Availability of Local Financing
4.2.7 Available Project Financing
4.2.8 The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)
4.2.9 The Inter-American Development Corporation (IADC)
4.2.10 World Bank
4.2.11 Colombian Financing Sources
4.2.12 Import Duties
4.2.13 Non-Tariff Barriers
4.2.14 Non-Tariff Barriers to Agricultural Trade
4.2.15 Price Bands
4.2.16 Import Licenses and Fees
4.2.17 Restrictions on Imports
4.2.18 Import Declaration
4.2.19 Valuations on Imports
4.2.20 Pre-Shipment Inspections
4.2.21 Other Import Controls
4.2.22 Sanitary Registration
4.2.23 Entering Temporary Imports
4.2.24 Labeling Issues
4.2.25 Local Standards
4.2.26 Colombian Export Controls
4.2.27 Colombian Export Documentation
4.2.28 Trade Zones & Free Ports
5 Direct Investment Accessibility In Colombia
5.1 Executive Summary: Infrastructure
5.2 Executive Summary: Natural Resources
5.3 Executive Summary: Industry
5.4 Direct Investment in Colombia
5.4.1 Attitudes Toward Foreign Direct Investment
5.4.2 Restrictions to Foreign Investment
5.4.3 Andean Community CET
5.4.4 Other Regional Trade Agreements
5.4.5 Private Ownership Risks
5.4.6 Protecting Property
5.4.7 Patents and Trademarks
5.4.8 Copyrights
5.4.9 Adequacy of Laws and Regulations Governing Commercial Transactions
5.4.10 Major Taxation Issues
5.4.11 Direct Investment Incentives and Requirements
6 Marketing & Distribution In Colombia
6.1 Executive Summary
6.2 Marketing and Distribution in Colombia
6.2.1 Agents/Distributors
6.2.2 Franchising
6.2.3 Direct Marketing Options
6.2.4 Joint Venture and Licensing Options
6.2.5 Creating a Sales Office
6.2.6 Selling Strategies
6.2.7 Advertising and Trade Promotion
6.2.8 Media in Colombia
6.2.9 Radio and TV Broadcasting
6.2.10 Pricing Issues
6.2.11 Supplying Customer Service
6.2.12 Public Sector Marketing
6.2.13 Certificate of Reciprocity
6.2.14 Hiring Local Counsel
7 Human Resource Assessment In Colombia
7.1 Executive Summary
7.2 Human Resources in Colombia
7.2.1 Unionization in Colombia
7.2.2 Collective Bargaining in Colombia
7.2.3 Workweek and Minimum Wages in Colombia
7.2.4 Forced Labor in Colombia
7.2.5 Working Ages and Child Labor in Colombia
8 Political Risk Assessment In Colombia
8.1 Executive Summary: Government
8.2 Executive Summary: Military Organization
8.3 Democracy in Colombia
8.4 Political Issues in Colombia
8.4.1 Political Instability-Effects on Business Climate
8.4.2 Regional Activities
8.4.3 Trade Promotion
8.4.4 Anti-Narcotics and Human Rights
8.4.5 Overview of Political System
9 Legal Risk Assessment In Colombia
9.1 Executive Summary
9.2 Legal Issues in Colombia
9.2.1 Privacy, Search and Seizure
9.2.2 Trial Justice in Colombia
9.2.3 Excessive Punishment in Colombia
10 Cultural And Demographic Risks In Colombia
10.1 Executive Summary
10.2 Cultural Issues in Colombia
10.2.1 Racial, Ethnic and Discrimination Issues in Colombia
10.2.2 Women's Rights and Gender Issues in Colombia
10.2.3 Religion in Colombia
10.2.4 Fundamental Human Rights in Colombia
11 Historical Background
11.1 Social and Political History
11.1.1 Overview of Key Historical Events
11.1.2 The Republic
11.1.3 The National Front
11.1.4 Post-National Front Years
11.1.5 Government
11.1.6 The Role of the Military
11.1.7 Economic History
11.1.8 Foreign Investment
11.1.9 Historic International Relations
11.2 Business Customs in Colombia
11.2.1 Business Travel
11.2.2 Local Holidays Observed
11.2.3 Infrastructure for Conducting Business
AbstractThis report puts executives and strategic planners on the fast track. The first chapter describes the study's methodology. The second chapter gives an overview of how to strategically access the market, mid-term forecasts of latent demand and accessibility benchmarks. The remaining nine chapters are not industry specific, but instead discuss economic fundamentals, marketing & distribution options, export and direct investment options, and full risk assessments (political, cultural, legal, human resources). Combined, the information provided in this market study is a "one-stop" shop for the strategic planner. Ample statistical benchmarks and comparative graphs are given.
Excerpt: The primary audience for this report is managers involved with the highest levels of the strategic planning process, and consultants who help their clients with this task. The user will not only benefit from the hundreds of hours that went into the methodology and its application, but also from its alternative perspective on strategic planning in Colombia.
This report helps executives evaluate strategic investment and entry alternatives in Colombia. In order to evaluate Colombia, Icon Group International, Inc. draws on a methodology developed by Professor Philip Parker at INSEAD in Fontainebleau, France. The methodology decomposes a country's strategic potential along two key dimensions: (1) latent demand, and (2) accessibility. A country may have very high latent demand, yet have low accessibility, making it a less attractive market than many smaller potential countries having higher levels of accessibility.
This report provides a strategic profile of Colombia along these lines. Throughout the discussion, literally hundreds of statistics on Colombia are benchmarked against regional and global averages. The reader can thus quickly understand where Colombia fits into the regional and global perspective. The report first investigates the economic fundamentals affecting Colombia. These fundamentals are the source for Colombia's latent demand. Then, the subsequent chapters detail Colombia's accessibility. This evaluation covers a number of entry alternatives, including export strategies, and local direct investment strategies. If a firm decides to have a local presence in Colombia, this requires a strategic understanding of local business conditions. The conditions investigated in this report include local marketing (advertising, distribution, pricing issues) and entry strategies (opening an office, joint venturing, etc.), as well as human resources management (labor laws, costs, regulations). Because local presence can increase exposure, the report next assesses a number of factors affecting business risks in Colombia (again, benchmarked against regional and global averages). These include: political risks, legal risks, cultural/demographic risks. Risks can only be evaluated within a historical context; history, alas, often repeats itself. The final chapters summarize Colombia's economic, political and social history. In doing so, the reader has a full appreciation of history's role in shaping Colombia's current potential.
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