HIV Vaccine Update: R&D Innovation Critical in the Wake of Recent Setbacks

Published by: Decision Resources

Published: Dec. 28, 2007 - 32 Pages

Table of Contents

Executive Summary

Strategic Considerations

Stakeholder Implications

Introduction

Understanding the Need for Vaccination Against HIV

The Virus

The Immune Response

The Need for an HIV Vaccine

Market Potential of an HIV Vaccine

Challenges and Strategic Considerations in Developing an HIV Vaccine

Current Approaches to Vaccine Design

Neutralizing Antibodies

Cell-Mediated Immunity

Current Vaccine Candidates

Recombinant Viral Vectors

Adenoviral Vectors

Canarypox Vectors

Modifi ed Vaccinia Vectors

Fowlpox Viral Vectors

DNA Vaccines

Recombinant Proteins

Peptides and Lipopeptides

Future Approaches to Vaccine Design

Harnessing Mucosal Immunity

Recombinant Vectors

Virus-Like Particles

Live, Attenuated Vaccines

Whole, Inactivated Viral Vaccines

Synthetic Peptide Immunogens

Gene Therapy

Antisense Oligonucleotides

Outlook

Outlook for Large Pharmaceutical Companies

Outlook for Biotechnology Companies

Role of Philanthropic Organizations

Sidebars

Heterologous Prime-Boost Approach

Adjuvants

Tables

1. HIV Proteins and Their Functions

2. Recombinant Vector HIV Vaccines in Development, 2007

3. DNA HIV Vaccines in Development, 2007

4. Recombinant Protein HIV Vaccines in Development, 2007

5. Peptide and Lipopeptide HIV Vaccines in Development, 2007

6. Mucosal Adjuvants in Development for Use with HIV Vaccines

Figures

1. Human Immunodefi ciency Virus Structure

2. Distribution of Worldwide Prevalent Cases of HIV, 2006

Abstract

• The recent failure of Merck’s T-cell vaccine for HIV may mark a turning point in HIV development across the industry. Which other HIV vaccines in the pipeline use this same approach? What other approaches to vaccine development might offer greater potential for success in the future?
• Despite the critical importance of addressing the HIV pandemic, the market potential of a vaccine will be limited in the near term. Where is the greatest market potential? What strategies are pharmaceutical and biotech companies pursuing to solve this world health problem while also maximizing returns?
• Given the market limitations associated with HIV vaccine development, government and charitable organizations are funding many of the development efforts. Which organizations are providing the greatest amount of funding? How is the pharmaceutical industry working with these organizations to achieve scientific breakthroughs and gain a competitive advantage?

• Understanding HIV: background on the virus, the immune response, the need for a vaccine.
• HIV market: market potential, possible target populations, challenges, strategic considerations.
• Current approaches to vaccine design: neutralizing antibodies, cell-mediated immunity.
• Current vaccine candidates: recombinant viral vectors, DNA vaccines, recombinant proteins, peptides and lipopeptides.
• Future approaches to vaccine design: mucosal immunity, recombinant vectors, virus-like particles, live attenuated vaccines, whole inactivated viral vaccines, synthetic peptide immunogens, gene therapy, antisense oligonucleotides.
• Outlook: Big Pharma, biotech companies, governments, charitable organizations.

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