Global Small Hydropower Market Outlook to 2028

Global Small Hydropower Market Overview

The global small hydropower market was valued at 85.88 Gigawatts in terms of installed base in 2023, driven by the increasing demand for renewable energy solutions, particularly in rural electrification projects and off-grid applications. The market benefits from the low operational and maintenance costs associated with small hydropower plants, which are often easier to install in remote locations compared to large-scale hydropower projects

Key players in the global small hydropower market include Voith Group, Andritz Hydro, General Electric, Siemens Energy, and BHEL. These companies lead the development of small hydropower technologies, with a focus on enhancing turbine efficiency, reducing environmental impacts, and integrating digital tools for remote monitoring and control.

In 2023, Voith Group introduced a new line of turbines specifically designed for small-scale hydropower projects, enabling energy developers to achieve higher efficiency in low-flow water environments. This innovation, combined with Voiths global expertise, positions the company as a key player in expanding access to renewable energy in remote and rural areas.

Asia-Pacific dominates the global small hydropower market, driven by the regions significant untapped hydropower potential and the growing demand for rural electrification. Countries like China and India are leading in small hydropower installations due to supportive government policies and financial incentives that encourage renewable energy investments.

Global Small Hydropower Market Segmentation

The global small hydropower market is segmented by region, capacity, and component.

By Region: The global small hydropower market is segmented into North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East & Africa, and Latin America. In 2023, Asia-Pacific held the largest market share, driven by substantial hydropower potential in China and India. The Indian governments focus on renewable energy expansion, particularly through small hydropower.

By Capacity: The market is segmented into up to 1 MW and 1 MW to 10 MW. In 2023, this segment held a dominant share of the market, driven by demand from Southeast Asia and Africa, where decentralized energy solutions are crucial for rural electrification.

By Component: The small hydropower market is segmented into electromechanical equipment, civil works, and electrical infrastructure. In 2023, this segment, covering turbines, generators, and control systems, had the largest market share. Companies like Andritz Hydro and Siemens Energy provide cutting-edge solutions to maximize efficiency and minimize operational downtime.

Global Small Hydropower Market Competitive Landscape

Company Name

Establishment Year

Headquarters

Voith Group

1867

Heidenheim, Germany

Andritz Hydro

1852

Graz, Austria

General Electric

1892

Boston, USA

Siemens Energy

2020

Munich, Germany

BHEL

1964

New Delhi, India

Andritz Hydro: In February 2023, Andritz Hydro received a contract from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for the rehabilitation of the Old Hickory hydropower plant in Tennessee. This project involves upgrading turbines and generators, with an expected annual power generation of approximately 565 GWh once completed.

General Electric: In 2023, General Electrics Renewable Energy division invested in small hydropower projects across Sub-Saharan Africa, focusing on increasing access to electricity in remote communities. The investment includes the deployment of GEs advanced compact turbines designed for low-flow environments.

Global Small Hydropower Market Analysis

Global Small Hydropower Market Growth Drivers:

Expansion of Rural Electrification Programs: Rural electrification initiatives are a key driver for the global small hydropower market. Governments, particularly in developing countries, are focusing on providing electricity to remote areas where traditional grid expansion is difficult. For instance, as of 2023, Indias Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana (Saubhagya) has already electrified 26.3 million households, many of which are relying on small hydropower for off-grid energy solutions.

Government Subsidies and Incentives: In 2023, the European Union allocated 57 million in subsidies for renewable energy projects, which included small hydropower plants as part of its Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II). This funding is aimed at enabling smaller operators to invest in hydropower installations that might otherwise be prohibitively expensive.

Low Operational and Maintenance Costs: Small hydropower systems benefit from lower operational and maintenance costs compared to larger renewable energy systems. The reduced complexity of these systems allows for easier maintenance, and their long operational lifespans make them cost-effective over time. For example, small hydropower plants in Southeast Asia, particularly in Laos and Cambodia, operate at a fraction of the cost of large-scale solar or wind projects.

Global Small Hydropower Market Challenges:

Environmental Concerns: Small hydropower projects can have environmental impacts, such as altering water flows and affecting aquatic ecosystems. These concerns have led to delays in project approvals, particularly in regions like Latin America, where biodiversity is a critical issue. Governments and developers must invest in environmental impact assessments to mitigate these challenges.

Regulatory Fragmentation: The lack of standardized policies for small hydropower across regions poses a challenge for project developers. In Africa, for example, differing regulatory frameworks between neighboring countries complicate cross-border hydropower projects. This regulatory fragmentation increases uncertainties for investors, hindering market expansion.

Global Small Hydropower Market Government Initiatives:

Indias National Hydropower Policy: In 2024, India's Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) is expected to expand its National Hydropower Policy, offering additional incentives specifically for small hydropower projects. Under the policy, new projects in hilly and northeastern states will receive subsidies for installation. This policy aims to increase the share of small hydropower in Indias renewable energy mix, further driving market growth in the region.

European Green Deal: As part of the European Green Deal, the European Union has introduced policies that directly benefit the small hydropower sector. In 2023, the EU committed for renewable energy projects, including small hydropower. The policy focuses on decarbonizing Europes energy mix and includes financial support for member states to develop smaller hydropower systems, particularly in Eastern Europe, where hydropower potential remains underutilized.

Global Small Hydropower Market Future Market Outlook

The global small hydropower market is expected to experience significant growth over the next five years, driven by the increasing demand for decentralized renewable energy solutions and advancements in hydropower technology. The market will also benefit from government policies promoting green energy and rural electrification.

Global Small Hydropower Market Future Market Trends

Integration of Hybrid Energy Systems: By 2028, small hydropower plants will increasingly be integrated with solar and wind energy systems to ensure continuous power supply, particularly in regions with variable water flow. This trend is expected to reduce the risk of energy shortages during dry seasons and improve the overall efficiency of renewable energy systems.

Expansion of Private Sector Investments: Private sector investments in small hydropower will continue to rise, particularly in emerging markets like Africa and Southeast Asia. By 2028, these investments will play a crucial role in expanding access to electricity in remote areas, with companies like General Electric and Andritz Hydro leading the way in project development.
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