The Global Micro and Nanocellulose Market 2026-2036
Description
The global market for micro- and nanocellulose represents one of the most strategically significant emerging advanced materials sectors of the twenty-first century. Derived from the world's most abundant natural polymer, cellulose nanofibers and nanocrystals combine exceptional mechanical performance — tensile strengths comparable to or exceeding steel on a weight-for-weight basis — with complete bio-based origin, biodegradability, renewability, and a versatile surface chemistry that enables functionalisation for an extraordinary range of industrial applications.
The market encompasses four principal material categories: Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC), produced by high-energy mechanical fibrillation of wood pulp or agricultural fibres; Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNF), nanoscale fibrous materials produced through mechanical, chemical, or enzymatic pre-treatment; Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC), rod-like crystalline particles extracted by controlled acid hydrolysis; and Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC), produced through microbial fermentation and notable for its extraordinary purity and three-dimensional nanofibril network structure.
Paper and board packaging is the single largest end-use by volume, with CNF functioning as a strength enhancer, weight-reduction enabler, and bio-based barrier coating. Biomedicine and healthcare follows in revenue terms, encompassing wound dressings, drug delivery matrices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Hygiene and sanitary products represent the fastest-growing sector by revenue, driven by Japan's advanced commercial ecosystem for CNF-enhanced adult incontinence and diaper products, and expanding globally as EU regulatory requirements on bio-content in disposable hygiene products tighten.
Japan is the world's most commercially advanced nanocellulose market, with a unique government-industry coordination model that has produced commercial products across automotive, footwear, electronics, cosmetics, food, and packaging applications. Major Japanese paper companies — Nippon Paper Industries, Oji Holdings, Daio Paper, Chuetsu Pulp and Paper — have made significant capital investments in CNF production, and their CNF composite resins are entering mainstream automotive supply chains. Europe leads in MFC for paper, packaging, and sustainable textiles, while North America is growing in composites, filtration, and defence-adjacent applications. Emerging market producers in Brazil, New Zealand, India, and Turkey are diversifying the global feedstock and production base, with novel feedstocks including seaweed, coffee grounds, cow dung, and agricultural residues gaining commercial traction. The overall trajectory is of a market transitioning from specialist pilot-scale supply to genuine industrial-scale materials platforms across the 2025–2036 forecast period.
The Global Market for Micro- and Nanocellulose 2026–2035 provides the most detailed analysis available of the global market for micro- and nanocellulose, covering all material types, production technologies, end-use applications, regional markets, and company profiles. Drawing on primary research interviews with producers and end-users and an extensive review of commercial and academic developments, the report delivers quantitative market data from 2018 through 2035 (updated to 2036 in this edition), and qualitative analysis of the strategic, technological, and regulatory forces shaping the industry's future.
Report Contents:
Introduction and material definitions covering the classification and structural characteristics of all micro- and nanocellulose types: Microcellulose (MC), Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC), Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNF), Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC), and Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC)
Feedstock analysis covering all commercial and emerging cellulose sources: wood (Norway Spruce, eucalyptus, softwood); cotton, kapok, and luffa; bast fibres (jute, hemp, flax, ramie, kenaf); leaf fibres (sisal, abaca); fruit fibres (coir, banana, pineapple); stalk fibres (rice, corn); cane, grass, and reed (switchgrass, sugarcane, bamboo); regenerated cellulose; and novel feedstocks including seaweed, coffee grounds, cow dung, and tea leaf waste
Production technologies and innovations including raw material sourcing, manufacturing processes (mechanical, chemical, enzymatic, emerging methods), process scale-up and commercialisation challenges, and production economics with detailed cost structure analysis
Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC) — full market analysis including production capacities by producer, global demand and revenue forecasts (2018–2036) by market segment (paper and packaging, textiles, personal care, paints and coatings, other), market supply chain analysis, pricing and cost analysis, SWOT analysis, end-use market sections for paperboard and packaging, textiles, personal care, and paints and coatings with demand/revenue/regional data tables, and 61 detailed company profiles
Cellulose Nanofibers (CNF) — comprehensive coverage of production methods and synthesis technologies (acid hydrolysis, TEMPO oxidation, ammonium persulfate oxidation, enzymatic hydrolysis, ball milling, high-pressure homogenisation, and recent methods), production capacities, pricing, commercial product catalogue, SWOT analysis, and end-use market sections with demand/revenue/regional data tables for: Composites, Automotive, Buildings and Construction, Paper and Board Packaging, Textiles and Apparel, Biomedicine and Healthcare, Hygiene and Sanitary Products, Paints and Coatings, Aerogels, Oil and Gas, Filtration, Rheology Modifiers, Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP), Electronics and E-Textiles, Food and Beverage, and Other Markets, together with 132 detailed company profiles
Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC) — introduction, synthesis, properties, production, pricing, SWOT analysis, applications, production capacities, global demand by market, and 22 detailed company profiles
Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC) — overview, production, pricing, SWOT analysis, applications across biomedical, electronics, food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, paper and composites, filtration, acoustics, and textiles, markets, and 24 detailed company profiles
Quantitative market data throughout, presented as tables and charts covering global demand in metric tons, revenues in millions USD, and revenue breakdowns by region (North America, Asia Pacific, Europe, Rest of World), for the period 2018–2036
Regional analysis covering Japan, North America, Europe, and emerging markets for each material type and end-use segment
Production capacity tables with process method, country, and tonnage data for all major global producers of MFC, CNF, and CNC
Regulatory landscape covering EU Single-Use Plastics Directive, Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation, Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation, REACH nanomaterial provisions, FDA GRAS pathways, USDA BioPreferred certification, and key international nanocellulose standards (ISO TC229, CEN/TC460, TAPPI)
Novel and non-wood feedstocks section covering seaweed/macroalgae, coffee ground-derived holocellulose nanofibers, cow dung, tea leaf waste, food and agricultural waste as BNC substrates, coconut water, cotton regional varieties, Miscanthus silver grass, and hemp hurd
The report profiles the following companies across its MFC, CNF, CNC, and BNC chapters: Adsorbi, AgriSea, Aichemist Metal Inc., Alberta Innovates/Innotech Materials LLC, Anantia, Anomera Inc., ANPOLY Inc., Asahi Kasei Corporation, Axcelon Biopolymers Corporation, Azolla, Azul Energy, Beijing Ding Sheng Xiong Di Technology Co. Ltd., Betulium Oy, BIO-LUTIONS International AG, Birla Cellulose, BioSmart Nano, Biotecam, Bioweg GmbH, BlockTexx Pty Ltd., Blue BioFuels Inc., Borregaard ChemCell, Bowil Biotech Sp. z o.o., Bucha Bio Inc., Cass Materials Pty Ltd., CD Bioparticles, Ceapro Inc., CELLiCON B.V., CelluDot LLC, Cellucomp Ltd., Celluforce Inc., Cellugy, Cellulose Lab, Cellutech AB (Stora Enso), Centre Technique du Papier (CTP), CH Bioforce, Chemkey Advanced Materials Technology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Chuetsu Pulp and Paper Co. Ltd., CIRC, Circular Systems, CNNT, CreaFill Fibers Corporation, Daicel Corporation, DaikyoNishikawa Corporation, Daio Paper Corporation, Daishowa Paper Products Co. Ltd., Daito Kasei Kogyo Co., Denso Corporation, DePuy Synthes, DIC, DKS Co. Ltd., Earth Recycle Co. Ltd., Eastman Chemical Co., Ehime Paper Manufacturing Co. Ltd., Elea and Lili Ltd. and more.....
The market encompasses four principal material categories: Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC), produced by high-energy mechanical fibrillation of wood pulp or agricultural fibres; Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNF), nanoscale fibrous materials produced through mechanical, chemical, or enzymatic pre-treatment; Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC), rod-like crystalline particles extracted by controlled acid hydrolysis; and Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC), produced through microbial fermentation and notable for its extraordinary purity and three-dimensional nanofibril network structure.
Paper and board packaging is the single largest end-use by volume, with CNF functioning as a strength enhancer, weight-reduction enabler, and bio-based barrier coating. Biomedicine and healthcare follows in revenue terms, encompassing wound dressings, drug delivery matrices, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Hygiene and sanitary products represent the fastest-growing sector by revenue, driven by Japan's advanced commercial ecosystem for CNF-enhanced adult incontinence and diaper products, and expanding globally as EU regulatory requirements on bio-content in disposable hygiene products tighten.
Japan is the world's most commercially advanced nanocellulose market, with a unique government-industry coordination model that has produced commercial products across automotive, footwear, electronics, cosmetics, food, and packaging applications. Major Japanese paper companies — Nippon Paper Industries, Oji Holdings, Daio Paper, Chuetsu Pulp and Paper — have made significant capital investments in CNF production, and their CNF composite resins are entering mainstream automotive supply chains. Europe leads in MFC for paper, packaging, and sustainable textiles, while North America is growing in composites, filtration, and defence-adjacent applications. Emerging market producers in Brazil, New Zealand, India, and Turkey are diversifying the global feedstock and production base, with novel feedstocks including seaweed, coffee grounds, cow dung, and agricultural residues gaining commercial traction. The overall trajectory is of a market transitioning from specialist pilot-scale supply to genuine industrial-scale materials platforms across the 2025–2036 forecast period.
The Global Market for Micro- and Nanocellulose 2026–2035 provides the most detailed analysis available of the global market for micro- and nanocellulose, covering all material types, production technologies, end-use applications, regional markets, and company profiles. Drawing on primary research interviews with producers and end-users and an extensive review of commercial and academic developments, the report delivers quantitative market data from 2018 through 2035 (updated to 2036 in this edition), and qualitative analysis of the strategic, technological, and regulatory forces shaping the industry's future.
Report Contents:
Introduction and material definitions covering the classification and structural characteristics of all micro- and nanocellulose types: Microcellulose (MC), Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC), Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNF), Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC), and Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC)
Feedstock analysis covering all commercial and emerging cellulose sources: wood (Norway Spruce, eucalyptus, softwood); cotton, kapok, and luffa; bast fibres (jute, hemp, flax, ramie, kenaf); leaf fibres (sisal, abaca); fruit fibres (coir, banana, pineapple); stalk fibres (rice, corn); cane, grass, and reed (switchgrass, sugarcane, bamboo); regenerated cellulose; and novel feedstocks including seaweed, coffee grounds, cow dung, and tea leaf waste
Production technologies and innovations including raw material sourcing, manufacturing processes (mechanical, chemical, enzymatic, emerging methods), process scale-up and commercialisation challenges, and production economics with detailed cost structure analysis
Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC) — full market analysis including production capacities by producer, global demand and revenue forecasts (2018–2036) by market segment (paper and packaging, textiles, personal care, paints and coatings, other), market supply chain analysis, pricing and cost analysis, SWOT analysis, end-use market sections for paperboard and packaging, textiles, personal care, and paints and coatings with demand/revenue/regional data tables, and 61 detailed company profiles
Cellulose Nanofibers (CNF) — comprehensive coverage of production methods and synthesis technologies (acid hydrolysis, TEMPO oxidation, ammonium persulfate oxidation, enzymatic hydrolysis, ball milling, high-pressure homogenisation, and recent methods), production capacities, pricing, commercial product catalogue, SWOT analysis, and end-use market sections with demand/revenue/regional data tables for: Composites, Automotive, Buildings and Construction, Paper and Board Packaging, Textiles and Apparel, Biomedicine and Healthcare, Hygiene and Sanitary Products, Paints and Coatings, Aerogels, Oil and Gas, Filtration, Rheology Modifiers, Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP), Electronics and E-Textiles, Food and Beverage, and Other Markets, together with 132 detailed company profiles
Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC) — introduction, synthesis, properties, production, pricing, SWOT analysis, applications, production capacities, global demand by market, and 22 detailed company profiles
Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC) — overview, production, pricing, SWOT analysis, applications across biomedical, electronics, food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, paper and composites, filtration, acoustics, and textiles, markets, and 24 detailed company profiles
Quantitative market data throughout, presented as tables and charts covering global demand in metric tons, revenues in millions USD, and revenue breakdowns by region (North America, Asia Pacific, Europe, Rest of World), for the period 2018–2036
Regional analysis covering Japan, North America, Europe, and emerging markets for each material type and end-use segment
Production capacity tables with process method, country, and tonnage data for all major global producers of MFC, CNF, and CNC
Regulatory landscape covering EU Single-Use Plastics Directive, Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation, Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation, REACH nanomaterial provisions, FDA GRAS pathways, USDA BioPreferred certification, and key international nanocellulose standards (ISO TC229, CEN/TC460, TAPPI)
Novel and non-wood feedstocks section covering seaweed/macroalgae, coffee ground-derived holocellulose nanofibers, cow dung, tea leaf waste, food and agricultural waste as BNC substrates, coconut water, cotton regional varieties, Miscanthus silver grass, and hemp hurd
The report profiles the following companies across its MFC, CNF, CNC, and BNC chapters: Adsorbi, AgriSea, Aichemist Metal Inc., Alberta Innovates/Innotech Materials LLC, Anantia, Anomera Inc., ANPOLY Inc., Asahi Kasei Corporation, Axcelon Biopolymers Corporation, Azolla, Azul Energy, Beijing Ding Sheng Xiong Di Technology Co. Ltd., Betulium Oy, BIO-LUTIONS International AG, Birla Cellulose, BioSmart Nano, Biotecam, Bioweg GmbH, BlockTexx Pty Ltd., Blue BioFuels Inc., Borregaard ChemCell, Bowil Biotech Sp. z o.o., Bucha Bio Inc., Cass Materials Pty Ltd., CD Bioparticles, Ceapro Inc., CELLiCON B.V., CelluDot LLC, Cellucomp Ltd., Celluforce Inc., Cellugy, Cellulose Lab, Cellutech AB (Stora Enso), Centre Technique du Papier (CTP), CH Bioforce, Chemkey Advanced Materials Technology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Chuetsu Pulp and Paper Co. Ltd., CIRC, Circular Systems, CNNT, CreaFill Fibers Corporation, Daicel Corporation, DaikyoNishikawa Corporation, Daio Paper Corporation, Daishowa Paper Products Co. Ltd., Daito Kasei Kogyo Co., Denso Corporation, DePuy Synthes, DIC, DKS Co. Ltd., Earth Recycle Co. Ltd., Eastman Chemical Co., Ehime Paper Manufacturing Co. Ltd., Elea and Lili Ltd. and more.....
Table of Contents
551 Pages
- 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
- 1.1 Overview
- 1.2 Key Findings
- 1.3 Market by Cellulose Type
- 1.4 Production Landscape
- 1.5 Production Economics
- 1.6 Key End-Use Markets
- 1.7 Regional Analysis
- 1.8 Competitive Landscape
- 1.9 Outlook and Key Strategic Themes
- 2 INTRODUCTION
- 2.1 Cellulose
- 2.2 Cellulose Micro and Nanoparticles Definitions and Classification
- 2.2.1 Microcellulose (MC)
- 2.2.2 Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC)
- 2.2.3 Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNF)
- 2.2.4 Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC)
- 2.2.5 Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC)
- 2.3 Feedstocks
- 2.3.1 Wood
- 2.3.2 Plant
- 2.3.3 Tunicate
- 2.3.4 Algae
- 2.3.5 Bacteria
- 2.3.6 Novel and Emerging Nanocellulose Feedstocks
- 2.3.6.1 Seaweed and Macroalgae
- 2.3.6.2 Holocellulose Nanofibers (HCNF) from Coffee Grounds
- 2.3.6.3 Cow Dung
- 2.3.6.4 Tea Leaf Waste
- 2.3.6.5 Food and Agricultural Waste as BNC Fermentation Substrates
- 2.3.6.6 Coconut Water (Nata de Coco / BNC)
- 2.3.6.7 Cotton Agricultural Residues and Regional Cotton Varieties
- 2.3.6.8 Miscanthus (Silver Grass)
- 2.3.6.9 Hemp Hurd
- 2.4 Regenerated cellulose fibers
- 2.5 Ionic liquids
- 2.6 “Nano” Cellulose (CNF, CNC, BNC)
- 2.7 Cellulose filaments
- 3 PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES AND INNOVATIONS
- 3.1 Raw Material Sources
- 3.2 Manufacturing Processes
- 3.3 Emerging Production Technologies
- 3.4 Process Scale-Up and Commercialization Challenges
- 3.5 Production Economics of Micro/Nanocellulose
- 4 MICROFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Applications
- 4.3 Production capacities
- 4.4 Global market demand 2018-2036
- 4.4.1 By market, tons
- 4.4.2 By market, revenues
- 4.5 Market supply chain
- 4.6 Price and Costs Analysis
- 4.7 SWOT analysis
- 4.8 Products
- 4.9 Future Outlook
- 4.10 Risks and Opportunities
- 4.11 End use markets
- 4.11.1 Paperboard and packaging
- 4.11.1.1 Market overview
- 4.11.1.2 Global market 2018-2036
- 4.11.1.2.1 Tons
- 4.11.1.2.2 Revenues
- 4.11.1.2.3 By Region
- 4.11.2 Textiles
- 4.11.2.1 Market overview
- 4.11.2.2 Global market 2018-2036
- 4.11.2.2.1 Tons
- 4.11.2.2.2 Revenues
- 4.11.2.2.3 By Region
- 4.11.3 Personal care
- 4.11.3.1 Market overview
- 4.11.3.2 Global market 2018-2036
- 4.11.3.2.1 Tons
- 4.11.3.2.2 Revenues
- 4.11.3.2.3 By Region
- 4.11.4 Paints and coatings
- 4.11.4.1 Market overview
- 4.11.4.2 Global market 2018-2036
- 4.11.4.2.1 Tons
- 4.11.4.2.2 Revenues
- 4.11.4.2.3 By Region
- 4.11.5 Other markets
- 4.12 Company profiles 105 (61 company profiles)
- 5 CELLULOSE NANOFIBERS
- 5.1 Advantages of cellulose nanofibers
- 5.2 Pre-treatment and Synthesis methods
- 5.2.1 Acid hydrolysis
- 5.2.2 TEMPO oxidation
- 5.2.3 Ammonium persulfate (APS) oxidation
- 5.2.4 Enzymatic Hydrolysis
- 5.2.5 Ball milling
- 5.2.6 Cryocrushing
- 5.2.7 High-shear grinding
- 5.2.8 Ultrasonication
- 5.2.9 High-pressure homogenization
- 5.2.10 Recent methods
- 5.2.10.1 Microwave irradiation
- 5.2.10.2 Enzymatic processing
- 5.2.10.3 Deep eutectic solvents (DESs)
- 5.2.10.4 Pulsed electric field
- 5.2.10.5 Electron beam irradiation
- 5.3 Production method, by producer
- 5.4 Applications
- 5.5 SWOT analysis
- 5.6 Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) production capacities 2024
- 5.7 Pricing
- 5.8 Commercial CNF products
- 5.9 End use markets for cellulose nanofibers
- 5.9.1 Composites
- 5.9.1.1 Market overview
- 5.9.1.2 Markets and applications
- 5.9.1.2.1 Automotive composites
- 5.9.1.2.2 Biocomposite films & packaging
- 5.9.1.2.3 Barrier packaging
- 5.9.1.2.4 Thermal insulation composites
- 5.9.1.2.5 Construction composites
- 5.9.1.3 Global market 2018-2036
- 5.9.1.3.1 Tons
- 5.9.1.3.2 Revenues
- 5.9.1.3.3 By Region
- 5.9.1.4 Product developers
- 5.9.2 Automotive
- 5.9.2.1 Market overview
- 5.9.2.2 Markets and applications
- 5.9.2.2.1 Composites
- 5.9.2.2.2 Air intake components
- 5.9.2.2.3 Tires
- 5.9.2.3 Global market 2018-2036
- 5.9.2.3.1 Tons
- 5.9.2.3.2 Revenues
- 5.9.2.3.3 By Region
- 5.9.2.4 Product developers
- 5.9.3 Buildings and construction
- 5.9.3.1 Market overview
- 5.9.3.2 Markets and applications
- 5.9.3.2.1 Sandwich composites
- 5.9.3.2.2 Cement additives
- 5.9.3.2.3 Pump primers
- 5.9.3.2.4 Thermal insulation and damping
- 5.9.3.3 Global market 2018-2036
- 5.9.3.3.1 Tons
- 5.9.3.3.2 Revenues
- 5.9.3.3.3 By region
- 5.9.3.4 Product developers
- 5.9.4 Paper and board packaging
- 5.9.4.1 Market overview
- 5.9.4.2 Markets and applications
- 5.9.4.2.1 Reinforcement and barrier
- 5.9.4.2.2 Biodegradable food packaging foil and films
- 5.9.4.2.3 Paperboard coatings
- 5.9.4.3 Global market 2018-2036
- 5.9.4.3.1 Tons
- 5.9.4.3.2 Revenues
- 5.9.4.3.3 By region
- 5.9.4.4 Product developers
- 5.9.5 Textiles and apparel
- 5.9.5.1 Market overview
- 5.9.5.2 Markets and applications
- 5.9.5.2.1 CNF deodorizer and odour reducer (antimicrobial) in adult and child diapers
- 5.9.5.2.2 Footwear
- 5.9.5.3 Global market 2018-2036
- 5.9.5.3.1 Tons
- 5.9.5.3.2 Revenues
- 5.9.5.3.3 By region
- 5.9.5.4 Product developer profiles
- 5.9.6 Biomedicine and healthcare
- 5.9.6.1 Market overview
- 5.9.6.2 Markets and applications
- 5.9.6.2.1 Wound dressings
- 5.9.6.2.2 Drug delivery stabilizers
- 5.9.6.2.3 Tissue engineering scaffolds
- 5.9.6.3 Global market 2018-2036
- 5.9.6.3.1 Tons
- 5.9.6.3.2 Revenues
- 5.9.6.3.3 By region
- 5.9.6.4 Product developers
- 5.9.7 Hygiene and sanitary products
- 5.9.7.1 Market overview
- 5.9.7.2 Markets and applications
- 5.9.7.3 Global market 2018-2036
- 5.9.7.3.1 Tons
- 5.9.7.3.2 Revenues
- 5.9.7.3.3 By region
- 5.9.7.4 Product developers
- 5.9.8 Paints and coatings
- 5.9.8.1 Market overview
- 5.9.8.2 Markets and applications
- 5.9.8.3 Global market 2018-2036
- 5.9.8.3.1 Tons
- 5.9.8.3.2 Revenues
- 5.9.8.3.3 By region
- 5.9.8.4 Product developers
- 5.9.9 Aerogels
- 5.9.9.1 Market overview
- 5.9.9.2 Markets and applications
- 5.9.9.3 Global market 2018-2036
- 5.9.9.3.1 Tons
- 5.9.9.3.2 Revenues
- 5.9.9.3.3 By region
- 5.9.9.4 Product developers
- 5.9.10 Oil and gas
- 5.9.10.1 Market overview
- 5.9.10.2 Markets and applications
- 5.9.10.2.1 Oil recovery applications (fracturing fluid)
- 5.9.10.2.2 CNF Membranes for separation
- 5.9.10.2.3 Oil and gas fluids additives
- 5.9.10.3 Global market 2018-2036
- 5.9.10.3.1 Tons
- 5.9.10.3.2 Revenues
- 5.9.10.3.3 By region
- 5.9.10.4 Product developers
- 5.9.11 Filtration
- 5.9.11.1 Market overview
- 5.9.11.2 Markets and applications
- 5.9.11.2.1 Membranes for selective absorption
- 5.9.11.3 Global market 2018-2036
- 5.9.11.3.1 Tons
- 5.9.11.3.2 Revenues
- 5.9.11.3.3 By region
- 5.9.11.4 Product developers
- 5.9.12 Rheology modifiers
- 5.9.12.1 Market overview
- 5.9.12.2 Markets and applications
- 5.9.12.2.1 Food additives
- 5.9.12.2.2 Pickering stabilizers
- 5.9.12.2.3 Hydrogels
- 5.9.12.2.4 Cosmetics and skincare
- 5.9.12.3 Global market 2018-2036
- 5.9.12.3.1 Tons
- 5.9.12.3.2 Revenues
- 5.9.12.3.3 By region
- 5.9.12.4 Product developers
- 5.9.13 Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs)
- 5.9.13.1 Market Overview
- 5.9.13.2 Markets and Applications
- 5.9.13.2.1 Infant Diapers
- 5.9.13.2.2 Adult Incontinence
- 5.9.13.2.3 Feminine Hygiene
- 5.9.13.2.4 Agricultural Water Retention
- 5.9.13.2.5 Medical Wound Dressings
- 5.9.13.3 Global Market 2024–2036
- 5.9.13.4 Product Developers
- 5.9.14 Electronics and E-Textiles
- 5.9.14.1 Market Overview
- 5.9.14.2 Markets and Applications
- 5.9.14.2.1 Acoustic Transducers (Speakers and Headphones)
- 5.9.14.2.2 Flexible Electronic Substrates
- 5.9.14.2.3 Foldable Antennas and Printed Electronics
- 5.9.14.2.4 Semiconductor Packaging Substrates
- 5.9.14.2.5 Satellite Structural Components
- 5.9.14.3 Global Market 2024–2036
- 5.9.14.4 Product Developers
- 5.9.15 Food and Beverage
- 5.9.15.1 Market Overview
- 5.9.15.2 Global Market 2024–2036
- 5.9.15.3 Regulatory Timeline
- 5.9.16 Other markets
- 5.9.16.1 3D printing
- 5.9.16.1.1 Market assessment
- 5.9.16.1.2 Product developers
- 5.9.16.2 Aerospace
- 5.9.16.2.1 Market assessment
- 5.9.16.2.2 Product developers
- 5.9.16.3 Batteries
- 5.9.16.3.1 Market assessment
- 5.10 Cellulose nanofiber company profiles 308 (132 company profiles)
- 6 CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Synthesis
- 6.3 Properties
- 6.4 Production
- 6.5 Pricing
- 6.6 SWOT analysis
- 6.7 Applications
- 6.8 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production capacities
- 6.9 Global demand for cellulose nanocrystals by market
- 6.10 Cellulose nanocrystal company profiles 477 (22 company profiles)
- 7 BACTERIAL NANOCELLULOSE (BNC)
- 7.1 Overview
- 7.2 Production
- 7.3 Pricing
- 7.4 SWOT analysis
- 7.5 Applications
- 7.6 Markets
- 7.6.1 Biomedical
- 7.6.2 Electronics
- 7.6.3 Food industry
- 7.6.4 Pharmaceuticals
- 7.6.5 Cosmetics and personal care
- 7.6.6 Paper and composites
- 7.6.7 Filtration membranes
- 7.6.8 Acoustics
- 7.6.9 Textiles
- 7.7 Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) company profiles 517 (24 company profiles)
- 8 GLOBAL REGULATORY LANDSCAPE
- 8.1 Overview
- 8.2 European Union
- 8.2.1 Key EU Regulatory Development: Nanocellulose and REACH
- 8.3 United States
- 8.3.1 Critical US Regulatory Update: FDA CNF Food Petition
- 8.4 Japan
- 8.5 Standards Development
- 9 RESEARCH SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY
- 9.1 Report scope
- 9.2 Research methodology
- 10 REFERENCES
- List of Tables
- Table 1. Global MFC Market Summary, 2025–2036
- Table 2. Total CNF Demand Across All End-Use Markets, 2025–2036 (metric tons)
- Table 3. Selected MFC Production Capacities by Producer (latest data)
- Table 4. MFC Cost Structure
- Table 5. Current MFC Pricing (2025 Reference)
- Table 6. MFC Market by Region, 2025 vs. 2036 (M USD)
- Table 7. MFC, CNF, CNC and BNC Production Capacities by Producer
- Table 8. Length and diameter of nanocellulose types and MFC.
- Table 9. Major polymers found in the extracellular covering of different algae.
- Table 10. Novel and Emerging Nanocellulose Feedstocks (2025–2026 Commercial Activity)
- Table 11. Recycled cellulose fibers companies.
- Table 12. Raw material sources.
- Table 13. Manufacturing processes for micro and nanocellulose.
- Table 14. Emerging Production Technologies for Micro/Nanocellulose
- Table 15. Process Scale-Up and Commercialization Challenges
- Table 16. Production Economics of Micro/Nanocellulose
- Table 17. Applications of Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC)- Industry Sector, Application, Functional Properties, Commercial Status and Key Benefits.
- Table 18. Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC) production capacities in metric tons and production process, by producer, metric tons.
- Table 19. Global market demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC). 2018-2036 (tons).
- Table 20. Global Market Revenues for MFC, 2018–2036 (millions USD)
- Table 21. Production costs.
- Table 22. Commercially available Microfibrillated Cellulose products.
- Table 23. Industry-wise Outlook.
- Table 24. Market overview for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in paperboard and packaging-market age, key benefits, applications and producers.
- Table 25. Global Demand for MFC in Paper & Packaging, 2018–2036 (tons)
- Table 26. Global Revenues for MFC in Paper & Packaging, 2018–2036 (millions USD)
- Table 27. MFC Revenues in Paper & Packaging, by Region, 2018–2036 (millions USD)
- Table 28. Market overview for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in textiles-market age, key benefits, applications and producers.
- Table 29. Global Demand for MFC in Textiles, 2018–2036 (tons)
- Table 30. Global Revenues for MFC in Textiles, 2018–2036 (millions USD)
- Table 31. MFC Revenues in Textiles, by Region, 2018–2036 (millions USD)
- Table 32. Market overview for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in personal care-market age, key benefits, applications and producers.
- Table 33. Global Demand for MFC in Personal Care, 2018–2036 (tons)
- Table 34. Global Revenues for MFC in Personal Care, 2018–2036 (millions USD).
- Table 35. MFC Revenues in Personal Care, by Region, 2018–2036 (millions USD)
- Table 36. Market overview for cellulose microfibers (microfibrillated cellulose) in paints and coatings-market age, key benefits, applications and producers.
- Table 37. Global Demand for MFC in Paints & Coatings, 2018–2036 (tons)
- Table 38. Global Revenues for MFC in Paints & Coatings, 2018–2036 (millions USD)
- Table 39. MFC Revenues in Paints & Coatings, by Region, 2018–2036 (millions USD)
- Table 40. Other markets for Microfibrillated Cellulose.
- Table 41. Properties of cellulose nanofibrils relative to metallic and polymeric materials.
- Table 42. Nanocellulose preparation methods and resulting materials.
- Table 43. Extraction of nanocellulose (NC) from various lignocellulosic sources using different conventional technologies.
- Table 44. CNF and CNC production method by producer.
- Table 45. Applications of Cellulose Nanofibers-Industry Sector, Application, Functional Properties, Commercial Status and Key Benefits.
- Table 46. CNF production capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tons.
- Table 47. Product/price/application matrix of cellulose nanofiber producers.
- Table 48. Cellulose nanofiber-based commercial products.
- Table 49. Global CNF Revenues — All End-Use Markets, 2025–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 50. Comparative properties of polymer composites reinforcing materials.
- Table 51. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in composites-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global composites OEMs.
- Table 52. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in composites.
- Table 53. Global Market Demand for Cellulose Nanofibers in Composites, 2018–2036 (Metric Tons)
- Table 54. Revenues for Cellulose Nanofibers in Composites, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 55. Revenues for Cellulose Nanofibers in Composites, by Region, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 56. Regional Share of CNF Composites Revenues, Selected Years
- Table 57. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers in composites.
- Table 58. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in automotive-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global automotive OEMs.
- Table 59. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in automotive.
- Table 60. Components featured in the NCV.
- Table 61. Global Market Demand for CNF in the Automotive Sector, 2018–2036 (Metric Tons)
- Table 62. Global Market Revenues for CNF in the Automotive Sector, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 63. Market Revenues for CNF in the Automotive Sector, by Region, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 64. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers products in the automotive industry.
- Table 65. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in building and construction-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global construction OEMs
- Table 66. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in building and construction.
- Table 67. Market Demand for CNF in Building and Construction, 2018–2036 (Metric Tons)
- Table 68. Global Market Revenues for CNF in Building and Construction, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 69. Market Revenues for CNF in Building and Construction, by Region, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 70. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers in building and construction.
- Table 71. Oxygen permeability of nanocellulose films compared to those made form commercially available petroleum-based materials and other polymers.
- Table 72. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in paper and board packaging-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global paper and board packaging OEMs.
- Table 73. Applications of cellulose nanofibers in paper and board packaging.
- Table 74. Global Demand for CNF in the Paper & Board Packaging Market, 2018–2036 (Metric Tons)
- Table 75. Global Market Revenues for CNF in the Paper & Board Packaging Market, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 76. Market Revenues for CNF in the Paper & Board Packaging Market, by Region, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 77. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers products in paper and board.
- Table 78. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in textiles and apparel-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global textiles and apparel OEMs.
- Table 79. Demand for CNF in Textiles, 2018–2036 (Metric Tons)
- Table 80. Global Market Revenues for CNF in the Textiles & Apparel Market, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 81. Market Revenues for CNF in the Textiles & Apparel Market, by Region, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 82. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers products in textiles and apparel.
- Table 83. Market assessment for nanocellulose in medicine and healthcare-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global medicine and healthcare OEMs.
- Table 84. Markets and applications of cellulose nanofibers in biomedicine and healthcare.
- Table 85. Global Demand for CNF in Biomedical and Healthcare, 2018–2036 (Metric Tons)
- Table 86. Global Market Revenues for CNF in the Biomedicine & Healthcare Market, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 87. Market Revenues for CNF in the Biomedicine & Healthcare Market, by Region, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 88. Nanocellulose product developers in medicine and healthcare.
- Table 89. Markets and applications of cellulose nanofibers in hygiene and sanitary products.
- Table 90. Global Demand for CNF in Hygiene and Sanitary Products, 2018–2036 (Metric Tons)
- Table 91. Global Market Revenues for CNF in the Hygiene & Sanitary Market, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 92. Market Revenues for CNF in the Hygiene & Sanitary Market, by Region, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 93. Cellulose nanofibers product developers in hygiene and sanitary products.
- Table 94. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in paints and coatings-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global paints and coatings OEMs.
- Table 95. Market and applications of cellulose nanofibers in paints and coatings.
- Table 96. Global Demand for CNF in Paints and Coatings, 2018–2036 (Metric Tons)
- Table 97. Global Market Revenues for CNF in the Paints & Coatings Market, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 98. Market Revenues for CNF in the Paints & Coatings Market, by Region, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 99. Companies developing nanocellulose products in paints and coatings, applications targeted and stage of commercialization.
- Table 100. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in aerogels-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global aerogels OEMs.
- Table 101. Markets and applications for cellulose nanofibers in aerogels.
- Table 102. Global Demand for CNF in Aerogels, 2018–2036 (Metric Tons)
- Table 103. Global Market Revenues for CNF in the Aerogels Market, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 104. Market Revenues for CNF in the Aerogels Market, by Region, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 105. Nanocellulose in product developers in aerogels.
- Table 106. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in oil and gas-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global oil and gas OEMs.
- Table 107. Markets and applications of cellulose nanofibers in oil and gas.
- Table 108. Global Demand for CNF in the Oil and Gas Market, 2018–2036 (Metric Tons)
- Table 109. Global Market Revenues for CNF in the Oil & Gas Market, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 110. Market Revenues for CNF in the Oil & Gas Market, by Region, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 111. Cellulose nanofibers product developers in oil and gas exploration.
- Table 112. CNF membranes.
- Table 113. Market assessment for Cellulose nanofibers in filtration-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global filtration OEMs.
- Table 114. Market and applications of Cellulose nanofibers in filtration.
- Table 115. Global Demand for CNF in the Filtration Market, 2018–2036 (Metric Tons)
- Table 116. Global Market Revenues for CNF in the Filtration Market, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 117. Market revenues for cellulose nanofibers in the filtration market, by region, 2018-2036 (millions USD).
- Table 118. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers products in filtration.
- Table 119. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in rheology modifiers-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global rheology modifier OEMs.
- Table 120. Markets and applications of cellulose nanofibers in rheology modifiers.
- Table 121. Global Demand for CNF in the Rheology Modifiers Market, 2018–2036 (Metric Tons)
- Table 122. Global Market Revenues for CNF in the Rheology Modifiers Market, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 123. Market Revenues for CNF in the Rheology Modifiers Market, by Region, 2018–2036 (Millions USD)
- Table 124. Commercial activity in cellulose nanofibers in rheology modifiers.
- Table 125. Market Assessment for Nanocellulose in Superabsorbent Polymers
- Table 126. Global Demand for Nanocellulose in Superabsorbent Polymer Applications, 2024–2036 (metric tons)
- Table 127. Nanocellulose in SAP: Revenue by Region, 2026–2036 (M USD)
- Table 128. Commercial activity in cellulose nanofibers in SAPs.
- Table 129. Market Assessment for CNF in Electronics and E-Textiles
- Table 130. Global Demand for CNF in Electronics and E-Textiles, 2024–2036 (metric tons)
- Table 131. Commercial activity in cellulose nanofibers in Electronics and E-Textiles
- Table 132. Market Overview for CNF/MFC in Food and Beverage
- Table 133. Global Demand for CNF/MFC in Food and Beverage, 2024–2036 (metric tons)
- Table 134. Regulatory Timeline Table
- Table 135. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in 3D priniting-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global 3D printing OEMs.
- Table 136. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers 3D printing products.
- Table 137. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in aerospace-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading.
- Table 138: Companies developing cellulose nanofibers products in aircraft and aerospace.
- Table 139. Market assessment for cellulose nanofibers in Batteries-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks.
- Table 140: Granbio Nanocellulose Processes.
- Table 141. Nippon Paper commercial CNF products.
- Table 142. Oji Holdings CNF products.
- Table 143. Synthesis methods for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC).
- Table 144. CNC sources, size and yield.
- Table 145. CNC properties.
- Table 146. Mechanical properties of CNC and other reinforcement materials.
- Table 147. Production methods for cellulose nanocrystals.
- Table 148. Product/price/application matrix of cellulose nanocrystal producers.
- Table 149. Applications of Cellulose Nanofibers-Industry Sector, Application, Functional Properties, Commercial Status and Key Benefits.
- Table 150: Cellulose nanocrystal capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tons.
- Table 151. Global demand for cellulose nanocrystals by market, 2018-2036 (metric tons).
- Table 152. Overview of CNC producers.
- Table 153. Production methods for bacterial nanocellulose.
- Table 154: Product/price/application matrix of bacterial nanocellulose producers.
- Table 155. Applications of Cellulose Nanofibers-Industry Sector, Application, Functional Properties, Commercial Status and Key Benefits.
- Table 156. Fibnano properties.
- Table 157. Key EU Regulatory Frameworks Affecting Nanocellulose Markets
- Table 158. Key US Regulatory Frameworks Affecting Nanocellulose Markets
- Table 159. Key Japanese Regulatory Frameworks
- Table 160. Key International Standards for Nanocellulose
- List of Figures
- Figure 1. Schematic diagram of partial molecular structure of cellulose chain with numbering for carbon atoms and n= number of cellobiose repeating unit.
- Figure 2. Scale of cellulose materials.
- Figure 3. Cellulose microfibrils and nanofibrils.
- Figure 4. Organization and morphology of cellulose synthesizing terminal complexes (TCs) in different organisms.
- Figure 5. Biosynthesis of (a) wood cellulose (b) tunicate cellulose and (c) BC.
- Figure 18. SEM image of microfibrillated cellulose.
- Figure 19. Global market demand for Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC). 2018-2036 (tons).
- Figure 20. Global market revenues for Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC). 2018-2036 (millions USD).
- Figure 21. Supply chain for the Microfibrillated Cellulose market.
- Figure 22. SWOT analysis: Microfibrillated Cellulose market.
- Figure 26. Global Demand for MFC in Textiles, 2018–2036 (tons)
- Figure 35. Pressurized Hot Water Extraction.
- Figure 36. Celish.
- Figure 37. BELLOCEA™
- Figure 38. Photograph (a) and micrograph (b) of mineral/ MFC composite showing the high viscosity and fibrillar structure.
- Figure 39. Water-repellent cellulose.
- Figure 40. HeiQ AeoniQ .
- Figure 41. BioFlex process.
- Figure 42. A vacuum cleaner part made of cellulose fiber (left) and the assembled vacuum cleaner.
- Figure 43: Innventia AB movable nanocellulose demo plant.
- Figure 44. 3D printed cellulose shoe.
- Figure 45. Lyocell process.
- Figure 46. Thales packaging incorporating Fibrease.
- Figure 47. HefCel-coated wood (left) and untreated wood (right) after 30 seconds flame test.
- Figure 48. Worn Again products.
- Figure 50. Production of nanocellulose from lignocellulosic biomass using enzymatic treatment (endoglucanases and xylanases) followed by mechanical treatment.
- Figure 51. EBI pretreatment combined with HPH for CNC production.
- Figure 52. SWOT analysis: Cellulose nanofibers market.
- Figure 53. Aruba 23.
- Figure 54. Dorayaki.
- Figure 55. ENASAVE NEXT.
- Figure 56. Flat4-KAEDE.
- Figure 57. GEL-KAYANO™.
- Figure 58. KAMIDE＋CNF paper container.
- Figure 59. Hada care acty®.
- Figure 60. Hiteeth All in One Mouth Gel.
- Figure 61. HYPERNANO X series.
- Figure 62. Kirekira! toilet wipes.
- Figure 63. ONKYO® Scepter SC-3(B) 2-way Speaker System.
- Figure 64. Pioneer® SE-MONITOR5 Headphones.
- Figure 65. "Poise" series Super strong deodorant sheet.
- Figure 66. RUBURI Precursor Lubris for raw concrete pumping.
- Figure 67. SC-3 (B) speakers.
- Figure 68. SE-MONITOR5 headphones.
- Figure 69. "Skin Care Acty" series Adult diapers.
- Figure 70. Spingle Company sneakers.
- Figure 71. "SURISURI" Lotion.
- Figure 72. X9400 series.
- Figure 73. X Premium Sound Speaker Alps Alpine.
- Figure 77. CNF mixed PLA (Poly Lactic Acid).
- Figure 78. CNF resin products.
- Figure 79. Interior of NCV concept car.
- Figure 80. Interior of the NCV prototype.
- Figure 84: Daio Paper's cellulose nanofiber material in doors and hood of race car.
- Figure 85: CNF composite.
- Figure 86: Engine cover utilizing Kao CNF composite resins.
- Figure 87. CNF car engine cover developed in Japan Ministry of the Environment’s (MOE) Nano Cellulose Vehicle (NCV) Project.
- Figure 88. Comparison of nanofillers with supplementary cementitious materials and aggregates in concrete.
- Figure 95. Markets and applications of cellulose nanofibers in textiles and apparel.
- Figure 96. Asics GEL-KAYANO™ 25 running shoe.
- Figure 100. CNF deodorant products.
- Figure 104. Fibnano.
- Figure 111. Hefcel-coated wood (left) and untreated wood (right) after 30 seconds flame test.
- Figure 118. Nanocellulose sponge developed by EMPA for potential applications in oil recovery.
- Figure 122. Multi-layered cross section of CNF-nw.
- Figure 126. "SURISURI" products.
- Figure 131: Anpoly cellulose nanofiber hydrogel.
- Figure 132. MEDICELLU™.
- Figure 133: Ashai Kasei CNF production process.
- Figure 134: Asahi Kasei CNF fabric sheet.
- Figure 135: Properties of Asahi Kasei cellulose nanofiber nonwoven fabric.
- Figure 136. CNF nonwoven fabric.
- Figure 137. nanoforest products.
- Figure 138. Chuetsu Pulp & Paper CNF production process.
- Figure 139. nanoforest-S.
- Figure 140. nanoforest-PDP.
- Figure 141. nanoforest-MB.
- Figure 142: Trunk lid incorporating CNF.
- Figure 143. Daio Paper CNF production process.
- Figure 144. ELLEX products.
- Figure 145. CNF-reinforced PP compounds.
- Figure 146. Kirekira! toilet wipes.
- Figure 147. Color CNF.
- Figure 148. DIC Products CNF production process.
- Figure 149. DKS Co. Ltd. CNF production process.
- Figure 150: Rheocrysta spray.
- Figure 151. DKS CNF products.
- Figure 152: CNF based on citrus peel.
- Figure 153. Citrus cellulose nanofiber.
- Figure 154. Filler Bank CNC products.
- Figure 155. GREEN CHIP CMF pellets and injection moulded products.
- Figure 156: Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) composite with polyethylene (PE).
- Figure 157: CNF products from Furukawa Electric.
- Figure 158. Granbio CNF production process.
- Figure 159: Cutlery samples (spoon, knife, fork) made of nano cellulose and biodegradable plastic composite materials.
- Figure 160. Non-aqueous CNF dispersion "Senaf" (Photo shows 5% of plasticizer).
- Figure 161: CNF gel.
- Figure 162: Block nanocellulose material.
- Figure 163: CNF products developed by Hokuetsu.
- Figure 164. Kami Shoji CNF products.
- Figure 165. Dual Graft System.
- Figure 166: Engine cover utilizing Kao CNF composite resins.
- Figure 167. Acrylic resin blended with modified CNF (fluid) and its molded product (transparent film), and image obtained with AFM (CNF 10wt% blended).
- Figure 168: 0.3% aqueous dispersion of sulfated esterified CNF and dried transparent film (front side).
- Figure 169. CNF deodorant.
- Figure 170. Chitin nanofiber product.
- Figure 171. Marusumi Paper cellulose nanofiber products.
- Figure 172. FibriMa cellulose nanofiber powder.
- Figure 173. Cellulomix production process.
- Figure 174. Nanobase versus conventional products.
- Figure 175. Uni-ball Signo UMN-307.
- Figure 176: CNF slurries.
- Figure 177. Range of CNF products.
- Figure 178: Nanocell serum product.
- Figure 179. Vatensel® product
- Figure 180: Hydrophobization facilities for raw pulp.
- Figure 181: Mixing facilities for CNF-reinforced plastic.
- Figure 182. Nippon Paper CNF production process.
- Figure 183: Nippon Paper Industries’ adult diapers.
- Figure 184. All-resin forceps incorporating CNF.
- Figure 185. CNF paint product.
- Figure 186. CNF wet powder.
- Figure 187. CNF transparent film.
- Figure 188. Transparent CNF sheets.
- Figure 189. Oji Paper CNF production process.
- Figure 190. CNF clear sheets.
- Figure 191. OJI Holdings and Toyota Robot Canopy.
- Figure 192. Oji Holdings CNF polycarbonate product.
- Figure 193. Fluorene cellulose ® powder.
- Figure 194. Performance Biofilaments CNF production process.
- Figure 195. XCNF.
- Figure 196. CNF insulation flat plates.
- Figure 197. Seiko PMC CNF production process.
- Figure 198. Manufacturing process for STARCEL.
- Figure 199. Rubber soles incorporating CNF.
- Figure 200. CNF dispersion and powder from Starlite.
- Figure 201. Sugino Machine CNF production process.
- Figure 202. High Pressure Water Jet Process.
- Figure 203. 2 wt.％ CNF suspension.
- Figure 204. BiNFi-s Dry Powder.
- Figure 205. BiNFi-s Dry Powder and Propylene (PP) Complex Pellet.
- Figure 206. Silk nanofiber (right) and cocoon of raw material.
- Figure 207. SVILOSA AD CNC products.
- Figure 208. Silver / CNF composite dispersions.
- Figure 209. CNF/nanosilver powder.
- Figure 210: Comparison of weight reduction effect using CNF.
- Figure 211: CNF resin products.
- Figure 212. University of Maine CNF production process.
- Figure 213. UPM-Kymmene CNF production process.
- Figure 214. FibDex® wound dressing.
- Figure 215. FibGel hydrogel products.
- Figure 216. US Forest Service Products Laboratory CNF production process.
- Figure 217: Flexible electronic substrate made from CNF.
- Figure 218. HefCel-coated wood (left) and untreated wood (right) after 30 seconds flame test.
- Figure 219. S-CNF in powder form.
- Figure 220. TEM image of cellulose nanocrystals.
- Figure 221. CNC preparation.
- Figure 222. Extracting CNC from trees.
- Figure 223. SWOT analysis: Cellulose nanocrystals market.
- Figure 224. CNC slurry.
- Figure 225. Global demand for cellulose nanocrystals by market, 2018-2036 (metric tons).
- Figure 226. R3TM process technology.
- Figure 227. Blue Goose CNC Production Process.
- Figure 228: Celluforce production process.
- Figure 229: NCCTM Process.
- Figure 230: CNC produced at Tech Futures’ pilot plant; cloudy suspension (1 wt.%), gel-like (10 wt.%), flake-like crystals, and very fine powder. Product advantages include:
- Figure 231. Filler Bank CNC products.
- Figure 232. Melodea CNC barrier coating packaging.
- Figure 233. Plantrose process.
- Figure 234. CNC solution.
- Figure 235. University of Maine CNF production process.
- Figure 236. US Forest Service Products Laboratory CNF production process.
- Figure 237. Bacterial nanocellulose shapes
- Figure 238. SWOT analysis: Bacterial Nanocellulose market.
- Figure 239. Jelly-like seaweed-based nanocellulose hydrogel.
- Figure 240. Cellugy materials.
- Figure 241: Bacterial cellulose face mask sheet.
- Figure 242. TransLeather.
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