CO2 Emissions Life Cycle in the H2 ICE Truck Industry, United States, 2024–2040

n this study, Frost & Sullivan offers a comprehensive exploration of the carbon dioxide (CO2) trail of a hydrogen internal combustion engine (H2 ICE) truck by investigating the carbon emission implications, focusing on H2 as a prospective fuel for the trucking industry in the United States. Our analysis begins with the rationale for considering H2, highlighting its potential to mitigate life cycle emissions compared to conventional fuels.

We delve into various H2 production methods, ranging from grey H2 to renewable sources, each carrying distinct carbon footprints. Emphasis falls on the CO2 emissions associated with manufacturing H2 ICE vehicles, pinpointing significant contributions from components, including the H2 engine and storage tanks. Frost & Sullivan also projects total CO2 emissions throughout the operation of a truck, drawing comparative insights with its battery electric, fuel cell electric, and diesel truck counterparts.

Ultimately, this study underscores the urgency of transitioning to cleaner H2 production methods and optimizing vehicle manufacturing to achieve substantial CO2 emission reductions in the trucking industry.


  • Transformation
    • Why is it Increasingly Difficult to Grow?
    • The Strategic Imperative 8TM
    • The Impact of the Top 3 Strategic Imperatives on the CO2 Emissions Life Cycle in the H2 ICE Truck Industry
  • Growth Environment: H2 Ecosystem
    • H2 Is the Fuel of the Future
    • Life Cycle CO2 Flow of an H2 ICE Truck
    • Different Methods of Producing H2
    • Comparison of Key Fuel Characteristics
      • Table CO2 Emissions Life Cycle in the H2 ICE Truck: Comparison of Key Fuel Characteristics, US, 2024-2037
    • Comparison of Key Engine Parameters
      • Table CO2 Emissions Life Cycle in the H2 ICE Truck: Comparison of Key Engine Parameters, US, 2024-2037
    • H2 ICE Fuel Injection Methods
  • Ecosystem
    • Research Scope
    • Powertrain Technology Segmentation
  • Growth Generator
    • Growth Drivers
    • Growth Restraints
  • CO2 Emission Trail During H2 Production
    • Analysis of Major H2 Production Methods
    • Key Factors Impacting the Adoption of H2 Production Methods
    • Factor 1: Lower CO2 Emissions and Readiness Levels
    • Factor 2: Clean H2 Programs and Targets
    • Factor 3: States' H2 Production Potential and Plan
    • Adoption Forecast of H2 Production in California
    • Adoption Forecast of H2 Production in the Southwest
    • Adoption Forecast of H2 Production in Texas
    • CO2 Emission Trail from H2 Production
  • CO2 Emission Trail During the Manufacture of an H2 ICE Truck
    • Key Components of an H2 ICE Truck
    • Vehicle Architecture Comparison: Diesel vs H2 ICE
    • Major Components in an H2 ICE Truck by Weight
    • CO2 Emission Trail in Manufacturing an H2 ICE Truck
  • Growth Generator: CO2 Emission Trail During the Operation of an H2 ICE-MDT
    • Use Case Characteristics and Forecast Assumptions
    • Cycle A and H: H2 Consumption and CO2 Emissions
    • Cycle A to H: kg CO2 per Mile
  • Growth Generator: CO2 Emission Trail During the Operation of an H2 ICE-HDT
    • Use Case Characteristics and Forecast Assumptions
    • Cycle A: Spark Ignition
    • Cycle A: High-pressure Direct Injection
    • Cycle H: Spark Ignition
    • Cycle H: High-pressure Direct Injection
    • Cycle A to H: kg CO2 per Mile
  • CO2 Emission Trail Comparison Between ICE Vehicles, BEVs, and H2 ICE Vehicles
    • MDT: ICE, BEV, FCEV, and H2 ICE Comparison (Cycle A and H)
    • HDT: ICE, BEV, FCEV, and H2 ICE Comparison (Cycle A and H)
  • Key Takeaways
    • Top 3 Takeaways
  • Growth Opportunity Universe
    • Growth Opportunity 1: CO2 Emissions Tracking
    • Growth Opportunity 2: Alternative Low-emission Technology
    • Growth Opportunity 3: Hydrogen Infrastructure Expansion
  • Appendix & Next Steps
    • Benefits and Impacts of Growth Opportunities
    • Next Steps

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