Report cover image

Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Research Report 2026(Status and Outlook)

Publisher Bosson Research
Published Apr 21, 2026
Length 168 Pages
SKU # BOSS21179251

Description

Report Overview

The 2025 U.S. tariff policies introduce profound uncertainty into the global economic landscape. This report critically examines the implications of recent tariff adjustments and international strategic countermeasures on Service Humanoid Robot competitive dynamics, regional economic interdependencies, and supply chain reconfigurations.In 2024, global service humanoid robot production reached approximately 83k units, with an average global market price of around US$ 35k per unit. Service Humanoid Robot refers to the robot designed to provide service industry, they usually have a human-like shape and interaction ability, can perform reception, guidance, information query, simple handling and other tasks in hotels, restaurants, retail stores, hospitals and other places, aiming to improve service quality, enhance customer experience, and reduce manual labor intensity to a certain extent. By simulating human behavior and communication, such robots can be more naturally integrated into the service scene and provide more humanized services.The upstream of the service humanoid robot industry chain mainly includes core components and raw material suppliers, such as drive motors, servo systems, sensors, mechatronics modules and structural materials. Representative companies include Midea Group (motors), Huichuan Technology (servo drives), and Omron (sensors); the midstream is robot complete machine design and manufacturing companies, such as Pudu Robotics, KEENON Robotics, and Bear Robotics, which are responsible for product development, integration, and production; the downstream application industry is mainly catering service scenarios, including restaurants, fast food chains, hotels, and takeout delivery, etc. Typical companies include Haidilao, KFC, McDonald's, and Hema Fresh. Overall, the upstream sector provides technical support and key components, the midstream sector completes product integration and manufacturing, and the downstream sector realizes commercial value through actual food and beverage deployment. The annual production capacity of a single line of service humanoid robots is approximately 1750 units, with a gross profit margin of approximately 20%-35%.The service humanoid robot market is at the intersection of rapid expansion and verification: on the one hand, with the improvement of intelligent perception, edge AI computing power and motion control technology, coupled with the strong demand of the service industry (retail, hotel, catering, medical care, warehousing, etc.) for automation, contact replacement and customer experience upgrades, humanoid robots have been pushed from concept to pilot and small-scale commercial use, and the market size and industry investment are showing a rapid growth trend. Furthermore, capital and industry chain resources are converging in this direction. From startups to tech giants, all are accelerating R&D and capacity deployment. Recent large-scale financing rounds and industry partnerships demonstrate a clear commitment to capacity-based and vertically focused development, providing financial and partnership support for commercial deployment. However, the industry also faces significant challenges: high hardware costs, stringent requirements for reliable and secure human-machine interaction and operational capabilities, the lack of fully mature control and general perception (especially dexterous control and long-term robustness) in diverse service scenarios, and regulatory and social acceptance issues all hinder the realization of large-scale substitution and the estimation of payback periods. Furthermore, software (perception, planning, and general behavior) remains a key bottleneck hindering efficiency expansion and universal deployment. Overall, in the short and medium term, the market will be dominated by pilot projects, vertical scenario implementation, and the ""human-machine collaboration + service outsourcing"" model. In the long term, it will depend on the cost curve, the degree of software platformization, and the maturity of the ecosystem (components, system integration, operation and maintenance, and vertical application services). If these factors are broken through simultaneously, humanoid robots are expected to become an important growth pole for service automation.

The global Service Humanoid Robot market size was estimated at USD 2896.0 million in 2025 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.70% during the forecast period.

This report offers a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the global Service Humanoid Robot market, covering all critical facets from a broad macroeconomic overview to detailed micro-level insights. It examines market size, competitive landscape, emerging development trends, niche segments, key drivers and challenges, as well as conducts SWOT and value chain analyses.

The insights provided enable readers to understand the competitive dynamics within the industry and formulate effective strategies to enhance profitability and market positioning. Additionally, the report presents a clear framework for evaluating the current status and future outlook of business organizations operating in this sector.

A significant focus of this report lies in the competitive landscape of the global Service Humanoid Robot market. It offers detailed profiles of major players, including their market shares, performance metrics, product portfolios, and operational status. This enables stakeholders to identify leading competitors and gain a nuanced understanding of market rivalry and structure.

In summary, this report serves as an essential resource for industry participants, investors, researchers, consultants, and business strategists, as well as anyone planning to enter or expand their presence in the Service Humanoid Robot market.

Global Service Humanoid Robot Market: Market Segmentation Analysis

This research report provides a detailed segmentation of the market by region (country), key manufacturers, product type, and application. Market segmentation divides the overall market into distinct subsets based on factors such as product categories, end-user industries, geographic locations, and other relevant criteria.

A clear understanding of these market segments enables decision-makers to tailor their product development, sales, and marketing strategies more effectively to meet the unique needs of each segment. Leveraging market segmentation insights can significantly enhance targeted approaches, optimize resource allocation, and accelerate product innovation cycles by aligning offerings with the specific demands of diverse customer groups.

Key Company

Astribot Inc

Figure

APPTRONIK

ARGON

Agility Robotics

Sanbot Innovation Technology

Sanctuary Cognitive Systems Corporation

Miso Robotics

Yaskawa Electric

Epson

ABB

Universal Robots

Bear Robotics

KEENON Robotics

GalaxyBot

Shanghai AgiBot Innovation Technology

Pudu Technology

UBTECH ROBOTICS CORP LTD

Alpha Robot

OrionStar Technology

Reeman Intelligent Equipment

Market Segmentation (by Type)

Foot

Wheeled

Crawler

Market Segmentation (by Application)

Groggery

Dining Room

Retail Business

Others

Geographic Segmentation

North America (USA, Canada, Mexico)

Europe (Germany, UK, France, Russia, Italy, Rest of Europe)

Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, South Korea, India, Southeast Asia, Rest of Asia-Pacific)

South America (Brazil, Argentina, Columbia, Rest of South America)

The Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa, Rest of MEA)

Key Benefits of This Market Research:

Industry drivers, restraints, and opportunities covered in the study

Neutral perspective on the market performance

Recent industry trends and developments

Competitive landscape & strategies of key players

Potential & niche segments and regions exhibiting promising growth covered

Historical, current, and projected market size, in terms of value

In-depth analysis of the Service Humanoid Robot Market

Overview of the regional outlook of the Service Humanoid Robot Market:

Chapter Outline

Chapter 1 mainly introduces the statistical scope of the report, market division standards, and market research methods.

Chapter 2 is an executive summary of different market segments (by region, product type, application, etc), including the market size of each market segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the current state of the Service Humanoid Robot Market and its likely evolution in the short to mid-term, and long term.

Chapter 3 makes a detailed analysis of the market's competitive landscape of the market and provides the market share, capacity, output, price, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information of the main manufacturers in the market.

Chapter 4 is the analysis of the whole market industrial chain, including the upstream and downstream of the industry, as well as Porter's five forces analysis.

Chapter 5 introduces the latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.

Chapter 6 provides the analysis of various market segments according to product types, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.

Chapter 7 provides the analysis of various market segments according to application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.

Chapter 8 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space, and capacity of each country in the world.

Chapter 9 shares the main producing countries of Service Humanoid Robot, their output value, profit level, regional supply, production capacity layout, etc. from the supply side.

Chapter 10 introduces the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales revenue, sales volume, price, gross profit margin, market share, product introduction, recent development, etc.

Chapter 11 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region in the next five years.

Chapter 12 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each market segment in the next five years.

Chapter 13 is the main points and conclusions of the report.

Key Reasons to Buy this Report:

Access to date statistics compiled by our researchers. These provide you with historical and forecast data, which is analyzed to tell you why your market is set to change

This enables you to anticipate market changes to remain ahead of your competitors

You will be able to copy data from the Excel spreadsheet straight into your marketing plans, business presentations, or other strategic documents

The concise analysis, clear graph, and table format will enable you to pinpoint the information you require quickly

Provision of market value data for each segment and sub-segment

Indicates the region and segment that is expected to witness the fastest growth as well as to dominate the market

Analysis by geography highlighting the consumption of the product/service in the region as well as indicating the factors that are affecting the market within each region

Competitive landscape which incorporates the market ranking of the major players, along with new service/product launches, partnerships, business expansions, and acquisitions in the past five years of companies profiled

Extensive company profiles comprising of company overview, company insights, product benchmarking, and SWOT analysis for the major market players

The current as well as the future market outlook of the industry concerning recent developments which involve growth opportunities and drivers as well as challenges and restraints of both emerging as well as developed regions

Includes in-depth analysis of the market from various perspectives through Porter’s five forces analysis

Provides insight into the market through Value Chain

Market dynamics scenario, along with growth opportunities of the market in the years to come

Table of Contents

168 Pages
1 Research Methodology and Statistical Scope
1.1 Market Definition and Statistical Scope of Service Humanoid Robot
1.2 Key Market Segments
1.2.1 Service Humanoid Robot Segment by Type
1.2.2 Service Humanoid Robot Segment by Application
1.3 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.3.1 Research Methodology
1.3.2 Research Process
1.3.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
1.3.4 Base Year
1.3.5 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Service Humanoid Robot Market Overview
2.1 Global Market Overview
2.1.1 Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Size (M USD) Estimates and Forecasts (2020-2035)
2.1.2 Global Service Humanoid Robot Sales Estimates and Forecasts (2020-2035)
2.2 Market Segment Executive Summary
2.3 Global Market Size by Region
3 Service Humanoid Robot Market Competitive Landscape
3.1 Company Assessment Quadrant
3.2 Global Service Humanoid Robot Product Life Cycle
3.3 Global Service Humanoid Robot Sales by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
3.4 Global Service Humanoid Robot Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
3.5 Service Humanoid Robot Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
3.6 Global Service Humanoid Robot Average Price by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
3.7 Manufacturers’ Manufacturing Sites, Areas Served, and Product Types
3.8 Service Humanoid Robot Market Competitive Situation and Trends
3.8.1 Service Humanoid Robot Market Concentration Rate
3.8.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Service Humanoid Robot Players Market Share by Revenue
3.8.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
4 Service Humanoid Robot Industry Chain Analysis
4.1 Service Humanoid Robot Industry Chain Analysis
4.2 Market Overview of Key Raw Materials
4.3 Midstream Market Analysis
4.4 Downstream Customer Analysis
5 The Development and Dynamics of Service Humanoid Robot Market
5.1 Key Development Trends
5.2 Driving Factors
5.3 Market Challenges
5.4 Industry News
5.4.1 New Product Developments
5.4.2 Mergers & Acquisitions
5.4.3 Expansions
5.4.4 Collaboration/Supply Contracts
5.5 PEST Analysis
5.5.1 Industry Policies Analysis
5.5.2 Economic Environment Analysis
5.5.3 Social Environment Analysis
5.5.4 Technological Environment Analysis
5.6 Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Porter's Five Forces Analysis
5.6.1 Global Trade Frictions
5.6.2 U.S. Tariff Policy – April 2025
5.6.3 Global Trade Frictions and Their Impacts to Service Humanoid Robot Market
5.7 ESG Ratings of Leading Companies
6 Service Humanoid Robot Market Segmentation by Type
6.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
6.2 Global Service Humanoid Robot Sales Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
6.3 Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Size by Type (2020-2025)
6.4 Global Service Humanoid Robot Price by Type (2020-2025)
7 Service Humanoid Robot Market Segmentation by Application
7.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
7.2 Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Sales by Application (2020-2025)
7.3 Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Size (M USD) by Application (2020-2025)
7.4 Global Service Humanoid Robot Sales Growth Rate by Application (2020-2025)
8 Service Humanoid Robot Market Sales by Region
8.1 Global Service Humanoid Robot Sales by Region
8.1.1 Global Service Humanoid Robot Sales by Region
8.1.2 Global Service Humanoid Robot Sales Market Share by Region
8.2 Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Size by Region
8.2.1 Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Size by Region
8.2.2 Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Size by Region
8.3 North America
8.3.1 North America Service Humanoid Robot Sales by Country
8.3.2 North America Service Humanoid Robot Market Size by Country
8.3.3 U.S. Market Overview
8.3.4 Canada Market Overview
8.3.5 Mexico Market Overview
8.4 Europe
8.4.1 Europe Service Humanoid Robot Sales by Country
8.4.2 Europe Service Humanoid Robot Market Size by Country
8.4.3 Germany Market Overview
8.4.4 France Market Overview
8.4.5 U.K. Market Overview
8.4.6 Italy Market Overview
8.4.7 Spain Market Overview
8.5 Asia Pacific
8.5.1 Asia Pacific Service Humanoid Robot Sales by Region
8.5.2 Asia Pacific Service Humanoid Robot Market Size by Region
8.5.3 China Market Overview
8.5.4 Japan Market Overview
8.5.5 South Korea Market Overview
8.5.6 India Market Overview
8.5.7 Southeast Asia Market Overview
8.6 South America
8.6.1 South America Service Humanoid Robot Sales by Country
8.6.2 South America Service Humanoid Robot Market Size by Country
8.6.3 Brazil Market Overview
8.6.4 Argentina Market Overview
8.6.5 Columbia Market Overview
8.7 Middle East and Africa
8.7.1 Middle East and Africa Service Humanoid Robot Sales by Region
8.7.2 Middle East and Africa Service Humanoid Robot Market Size by Region
8.7.3 Saudi Arabia Market Overview
8.7.4 UAE Market Overview
8.7.5 Egypt Market Overview
8.7.6 Nigeria Market Overview
8.7.7 South Africa Market Overview
9 Service Humanoid Robot Market Production by Region
9.1 Global Production of Service Humanoid Robot by Region(2020-2025)
9.2 Global Service Humanoid Robot Revenue Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
9.3 Global Service Humanoid Robot Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
9.4 North America Service Humanoid Robot Production
9.4.1 North America Service Humanoid Robot Production Growth Rate (2020-2025)
9.4.2 North America Service Humanoid Robot Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
9.5 Europe Service Humanoid Robot Production
9.5.1 Europe Service Humanoid Robot Production Growth Rate (2020-2025)
9.5.2 Europe Service Humanoid Robot Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
9.6 Japan Service Humanoid Robot Production (2020-2025)
9.6.1 Japan Service Humanoid Robot Production Growth Rate (2020-2025)
9.6.2 Japan Service Humanoid Robot Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
9.7 China Service Humanoid Robot Production (2020-2025)
9.7.1 China Service Humanoid Robot Production Growth Rate (2020-2025)
9.7.2 China Service Humanoid Robot Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
10 Key Companies Profile
10.1 Astribot Inc
10.1.1 Astribot Inc Basic Information
10.1.2 Astribot Inc Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.1.3 Astribot Inc Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.1.4 Astribot Inc Business Overview
10.1.5 Astribot Inc SWOT Analysis
10.1.6 Astribot Inc Recent Developments
10.2 Figure
10.2.1 Figure Basic Information
10.2.2 Figure Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.2.3 Figure Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.2.4 Figure Business Overview
10.2.5 Figure SWOT Analysis
10.2.6 Figure Recent Developments
10.3 APPTRONIK
10.3.1 APPTRONIK Basic Information
10.3.2 APPTRONIK Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.3.3 APPTRONIK Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.3.4 APPTRONIK Business Overview
10.3.5 APPTRONIK SWOT Analysis
10.3.6 APPTRONIK Recent Developments
10.4 ARGON
10.4.1 ARGON Basic Information
10.4.2 ARGON Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.4.3 ARGON Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.4.4 ARGON Business Overview
10.4.5 ARGON Recent Developments
10.5 Agility Robotics
10.5.1 Agility Robotics Basic Information
10.5.2 Agility Robotics Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.5.3 Agility Robotics Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.5.4 Agility Robotics Business Overview
10.5.5 Agility Robotics Recent Developments
10.6 Sanbot Innovation Technology
10.6.1 Sanbot Innovation Technology Basic Information
10.6.2 Sanbot Innovation Technology Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.6.3 Sanbot Innovation Technology Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.6.4 Sanbot Innovation Technology Business Overview
10.6.5 Sanbot Innovation Technology Recent Developments
10.7 Sanctuary Cognitive Systems Corporation
10.7.1 Sanctuary Cognitive Systems Corporation Basic Information
10.7.2 Sanctuary Cognitive Systems Corporation Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.7.3 Sanctuary Cognitive Systems Corporation Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.7.4 Sanctuary Cognitive Systems Corporation Business Overview
10.7.5 Sanctuary Cognitive Systems Corporation Recent Developments
10.8 Miso Robotics
10.8.1 Miso Robotics Basic Information
10.8.2 Miso Robotics Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.8.3 Miso Robotics Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.8.4 Miso Robotics Business Overview
10.8.5 Miso Robotics Recent Developments
10.9 Yaskawa Electric
10.9.1 Yaskawa Electric Basic Information
10.9.2 Yaskawa Electric Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.9.3 Yaskawa Electric Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.9.4 Yaskawa Electric Business Overview
10.9.5 Yaskawa Electric Recent Developments
10.10 Epson
10.10.1 Epson Basic Information
10.10.2 Epson Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.10.3 Epson Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.10.4 Epson Business Overview
10.10.5 Epson Recent Developments
10.11 ABB
10.11.1 ABB Basic Information
10.11.2 ABB Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.11.3 ABB Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.11.4 ABB Business Overview
10.11.5 ABB Recent Developments
10.12 Universal Robots
10.12.1 Universal Robots Basic Information
10.12.2 Universal Robots Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.12.3 Universal Robots Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.12.4 Universal Robots Business Overview
10.12.5 Universal Robots Recent Developments
10.13 Bear Robotics
10.13.1 Bear Robotics Basic Information
10.13.2 Bear Robotics Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.13.3 Bear Robotics Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.13.4 Bear Robotics Business Overview
10.13.5 Bear Robotics Recent Developments
10.14 KEENON Robotics
10.14.1 KEENON Robotics Basic Information
10.14.2 KEENON Robotics Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.14.3 KEENON Robotics Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.14.4 KEENON Robotics Business Overview
10.14.5 KEENON Robotics Recent Developments
10.15 GalaxyBot
10.15.1 GalaxyBot Basic Information
10.15.2 GalaxyBot Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.15.3 GalaxyBot Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.15.4 GalaxyBot Business Overview
10.15.5 GalaxyBot Recent Developments
10.16 Shanghai AgiBot Innovation Technology
10.16.1 Shanghai AgiBot Innovation Technology Basic Information
10.16.2 Shanghai AgiBot Innovation Technology Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.16.3 Shanghai AgiBot Innovation Technology Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.16.4 Shanghai AgiBot Innovation Technology Business Overview
10.16.5 Shanghai AgiBot Innovation Technology Recent Developments
10.17 Pudu Technology
10.17.1 Pudu Technology Basic Information
10.17.2 Pudu Technology Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.17.3 Pudu Technology Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.17.4 Pudu Technology Business Overview
10.17.5 Pudu Technology Recent Developments
10.18 UBTECH ROBOTICS CORP LTD
10.18.1 UBTECH ROBOTICS CORP LTD Basic Information
10.18.2 UBTECH ROBOTICS CORP LTD Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.18.3 UBTECH ROBOTICS CORP LTD Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.18.4 UBTECH ROBOTICS CORP LTD Business Overview
10.18.5 UBTECH ROBOTICS CORP LTD Recent Developments
10.19 Alpha Robot
10.19.1 Alpha Robot Basic Information
10.19.2 Alpha Robot Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.19.3 Alpha Robot Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.19.4 Alpha Robot Business Overview
10.19.5 Alpha Robot Recent Developments
10.20 OrionStar Technology
10.20.1 OrionStar Technology Basic Information
10.20.2 OrionStar Technology Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.20.3 OrionStar Technology Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.20.4 OrionStar Technology Business Overview
10.20.5 OrionStar Technology Recent Developments
10.21 Reeman Intelligent Equipment
10.21.1 Reeman Intelligent Equipment Basic Information
10.21.2 Reeman Intelligent Equipment Service Humanoid Robot Product Overview
10.21.3 Reeman Intelligent Equipment Service Humanoid Robot Product Market Performance
10.21.4 Reeman Intelligent Equipment Business Overview
10.21.5 Reeman Intelligent Equipment Recent Developments
11 Service Humanoid Robot Market Forecast by Region
11.1 Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Size Forecast
11.2 Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Forecast by Region
11.2.1 North America Market Size Forecast by Country
11.2.2 Europe Service Humanoid Robot Market Size Forecast by Country
11.2.3 Asia Pacific Service Humanoid Robot Market Size Forecast by Region
11.2.4 South America Service Humanoid Robot Market Size Forecast by Country
11.2.5 Middle East and Africa Forecasted Sales of Service Humanoid Robot by Country
12 Forecast Market by Type and by Application (2026-2035)
12.1 Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Forecast by Type (2026-2035)
12.1.1 Global Forecasted Sales of Service Humanoid Robot by Type (2026-2035)
12.1.2 Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Size Forecast by Type (2026-2035)
12.1.3 Global Forecasted Price of Service Humanoid Robot by Type (2026-2035)
12.2 Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Forecast by Application (2026-2035)
12.2.1 Global Service Humanoid Robot Sales (K Units) Forecast by Application
12.2.2 Global Service Humanoid Robot Market Size (M USD) Forecast by Application (2026-2035)
13 Conclusion and Key Findings
How Do Licenses Work?
Request A Sample
Head shot

Questions or Comments?

Our team has the ability to search within reports to verify it suits your needs. We can also help maximize your budget by finding sections of reports you can purchase.