Strategic Intelligence: Deep Dive into Quantum Computing Architectures

Strategic Intelligence: Deep Dive into Quantum Computing Architectures

Summary

After nearly three decades of research, superconducting quantum computing is expected to reach commercialization in 2030. Heavyweight players like Google and IBM lead the market. The commercialization of photonic and trapped ion architectures will follow.

Key Highlights

• It is expected that companies adopting quantum computing will access it via the cloud, meaning that hardware will likely be deployed in data centers. Therefore, the question of whether a particular quantum computer architecture requires cryogenic cooling and large supporting infrastructure is less of a concern to the typical end user.
• Where problems can be discretized into small independent subproblems, they can be computed on separate quantum processors with the results integrated later. This approach, known as distributed quantum computing, enables the use of multiple processors, each with a relatively small number of qubits. Meanwhile, research is progressing toward the objective of creating single quantum processors with millions of qubits.

• This Deep Dive explores the different major quantum computing architectures and benchmarks them against key metrics. It also evaluates which architectures are most suitable across three sectors: finance, pharmaceuticals, and battery manufacturing.

• Finance, pharmaceuticals, and battery materials manufacturing will be key sectors for quantum computing adoption. Pilot projects are underway within these sectors, involving major companies such as JPMorgan Chase, Goldman Sachs, Johnson & Johnson, Amgen, Hyundai, Volkswagen, and Mercedes-Benz.
• This report benchmarks quantum computing architectures across coherence time, gate fidelity, qubit scalability potential, connectivity, physical footprint, cryogenic requirement, and commercial readiness. Ot also recommends the optimal architecture for use in the finance, pharmaceuticals, and battery manufacturing sectors.