Hepatic Encephalopathy - Epidemiology Forecast - 2032

DelveInsight’s ‘Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) - Epidemiology Forecast–2032’ report delivers an in-depth understanding of the Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE), historical and forecasted epidemiology as well as the Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) trends in the United States, EU5 (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom) and Japan.

Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) Disease Understanding

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a brain disorder that develops in some individuals with liver disease. HE presents as a spectrum of neuropsychiatric symptoms ranging from subtle fluctuating cognitive impairment to coma and is a significant contributor to morbidity in patients with liver disease. It is observed in acute liver failure, liver bypass procedures – for example, shunt surgery and trans-jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt – and cirrhosis, classified as Type A, B, and C HE, respectively.

Moreover, HE can be associated with more severe symptoms, including reduced alertness, shortened attention span, disruptions in sleep patterns, mild confusion, slowing ability to perform mental tasks, and mood or personality changes. More noticeable changes in memory, concentration, or intellectual function than in minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) may also be observed.

The pathophysiology of HE is multifactorial and involves agents such as ammonia (NH3), inflammatory cytokines, manganese deposition in the basal ganglia, and benzodiazepine-like compounds (i.e., gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA]); recent studies have also recognized roles of microbiota and aromatic amino acids. Although HE pathogenesis is a complex entity with multiple components resulting in functional impairment of neuronal cells—none of which are well understood—NH3 has been considered the primary pathophysiologic mechanism of HE.

HE is classified into two broad categories based on severity, covert hepatic encephalopathy (CHE) and overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE). When affected individuals have obvious, outward signs and symptoms, the disorder may be referred to as OHE.

Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) Diagnosis

Defining and diagnosing HE, particularly covert HE (CHE), remains challenging. In CHE, there are no clinical signs or symptoms of OHE; however, patients have neuropsychological deficiencies that can be detected with psychometric or neuropsychological testing.

The HE diagnosis is based on the presence of a spectrum of neuropsychiatric abnormalities in patients with liver dysfunction after excluding unrelated neurologic and/or metabolic causes of encephalopathy.

Continued in the report…..

Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) Epidemiology Perspective by DelveInsight

The disease epidemiology covered in the report provides historical as well as forecasted epidemiology segmented by total diagnosed prevalent cases of hepatic encephalopathy, gender-specific diagnosed prevalent cases of hepatic encephalopathy, age-specific diagnosed prevalent cases of hepatic encephalopathy, and type-specific diagnosed prevalent cases of hepatic encephalopathy scenario of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) in the 7MM covering the United States, EU5 countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom) and Japan from 2019 to 2032.

Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) Detailed Epidemiology Segmentation
Total diagnosed prevalent cases of Cirrhosis (hospitalized) in the 7MM was found to be 862,508 cases in 2021. These cases are expected to increase by 2032 at a CAGR of 0.63% during the study period (2019–2032).
The diagnosed prevalent cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the 7MM are expected to increase at a CAGR of 0.61% for the study period of 2019-2032.
Among 7MM, the United States has the highest diagnosed prevalent cases of hepatic encephalopathy with 205,664 cases in 2021.
Assessments as per DelveInsight’s analysts show that the majority of cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy are occupied by males as compared to females. There was a total of 149,518 male and 56,146 female cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in 2021 in the United States.
The age‐specific data revealed that the highest number of Hepatic Encephalopathy people affected with was found in the age group of 45–54 years, while people <25 years are the least affected.
HE is divided into two broad categories based on severity, Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy (CHE) and Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy (OHE). There were a total of 123,399 CHE and 82,266 OHE cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in 2021 in the United States.
In EU-5, the United Kingdom has the highest number of cases of HE with 28,212 cases in 2021, followed by Germany with 26,672 cases and France with 22,382 cases. While Spain has the least number of cases with 9,326 in 2021.
In 2021, Japan had 29,464 diagnosed prevalent cases of HE.

Scope of the Report
The report covers the descriptive overview of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE), explaining its symptoms, grading, pathophysiology, and various diagnostic approaches.
The report provides insight into the 7MM historical and forecasted patient pool covering the United States, EU5 countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom), and Japan.
The report assesses the disease risk and burden of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE).
The report helps to recognize the growth opportunities in the 7MM concerning the patient population.
The report provides the segmentation of the disease epidemiology for 7MM, a total number of prevalent cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE), and Type-specific prevalent cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE).



Report Highlights
11-Year Forecast of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE)
7MM Coverage
Total diagnosed prevalent cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy
Gender-specific diagnosed prevalent cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy
Age-specific diagnosed prevalent cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy
Type-specific diagnosed prevalent cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy

Key Questions Answered
What are the disease risk and burdens of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE)?
What is the historical Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) patient pool in the United States, EU5 (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the UK), and Japan?
What would be the forecasted patient pool of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) at the 7MM level?
What will be the growth opportunities across the 7MM concerning the patient population about Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE)?
Out of the above-mentioned countries, which country would have the highest prevalent population of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) during the forecast period (2022–2032)?
At what CAGR the population is expected to grow across the 7MM during the forecast period (2022–2032)?

Reasons to buy

The Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) report will allow the user to -
Develop business strategies by understanding the trends shaping and driving the 7MM Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) epidemiology forecast.
The Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) epidemiology report and model were written and developed by Masters and Ph.D. level epidemiologists.
The Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) epidemiology model developed by DelveInsight is easy to navigate, interactive with dashboards, and epidemiology based on transparent and consistent methodologies. Moreover, the model supports data presented in the report and showcases disease trends over the 11-year forecast period using reputable sources.

Key Assessments
Patient Segmentation
Disease Risk and Burden
Risk of disease by the segmentation
Factors driving growth in a specific patient population

Geographies Covered
The United States
EU5 (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom)
Japan

Study Period: 2019–2032


1 Key Insights
2 Report Introduction
3 Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) Patient Overview at a Glance
3.1. Patient Share (%) Distribution of HE in 2019
3.2. Patient Share (%) Distribution of HE in 2032
4 Executive Summary of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE)
5 Disease Background and Overview
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Classification of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE)
5.3. Symptoms
5.4. Cause and Risk Factors
5.5. Pathophysiology
5.6. Pathogenesis
5.7. Diagnosis
5.7.1. Differential Diagnosis for HE
5.7.2. Diagnostic Algorithm
5.7.3. Diagnostic Guidelines
5.7.3.1 Hepatic Encephalopathy in Chronic Liver Disease 2014 Practice Guideline by AASLD and EASL
5.7.3.2 Hepatic encephalopathy 2018: A clinical practice guideline by the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (AISF)
6 Epidemiology and Patient Population
6.1. Key Findings
6.2. Methodology of Epidemiology
6.3. Assumptions and Rationale: 7MM
6.4. Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Cirrhosis (Hospitalization Cases of Cirrhosis) in the 7MM
6.5. Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) in the 7MM
6.6. The United States
6.6.1. Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the United States
6.6.2. Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the United States
6.6.3. Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the United States
6.6.4. Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the United States
6.7. EU-5
6.7.1. Germany
6.7.1.1. Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Germany
6.7.1.2. Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Germany
6.7.1.3. Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Germany
6.7.1.4. Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Germany
6.7.2. France
6.7.2.1. Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in France
6.7.2.2. Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in France
6.7.2.3. Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in France
6.7.2.4. Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in France
6.7.3. Italy
6.7.3.1. Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Italy
6.7.3.2. Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Italy
6.7.3.3. Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Italy
6.7.3.4. Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Italy
6.7.4. Spain
6.7.4.1. Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Spain
6.7.4.2. Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Spain
6.7.4.3. Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Spain
6.7.4.4. Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Spain
6.7.5. The United Kingdom
6.7.5.1. Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the United Kingdom
6.7.5.2. Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the United Kingdom
6.7.5.3. Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the United Kingdom
6.7.5.4. Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the United Kingdom
6.8. Japan
6.8.1. Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Japan
6.8.2. Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Japan
6.8.3. Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Japan
6.8.4. Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Japan
7 Patient Journey
8 KOL Views
9 Appendix
9.1 Bibliography
9.2 Report Methodology
10 DelveInsight Capabilities
11 Disclaimer
12 About DelveInsight
Table 1 Summary of HE Epidemiology (2019–2032)
Table 2 Clinical Description of Hepatic Encephalopathy (Adapted from AASLD-EASL Guideline, 2014)
Table 3 West Haven Criteria for HE and symptoms
Table 4 The Five Clinical Patterns of HE Presentation
Table 5 Stages of HE
Table 6 Differential Diagnosis
Table 7 Precipitating Factors of OHE
Table 8 Concomitant medical conditions that can affect patients with overt hepatic encephalopathy
Table 9 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Cirrhosis (Hospitalization Cases of Cirrhosis) in the 7MM (2019–2032)
Table 10 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) in the 7MM (2019–2032)
Table 11 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the US (2019–2032)
Table 12 Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the US (2019–2032)
Table 13 Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the US (2019–2032)
Table 14 Type-Specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the US (2019–2032)
Table 15 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy Cases in Germany (2019–2032)
Table 16 Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Germany (2019–2032)
Table 17 Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Germany (2019–2032)
Table 18 Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Germany (2019–2032)
Table 19 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy Cases in France (2019–2032)
Table 20 Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in France (2019–2032)
Table 21 Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in France(2019–2032)
Table 22 Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in France (2019–2032)
Table 23 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy Cases in Italy (2019–2032)
Table 24 Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Italy (2019–2032)
Table 25 Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Italy (2019–2032)
Table 26 Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Italy (2019–2032)
Table 27 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy Cases in Spain (2019–2032)
Table 28 Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Spain (2019–2032)
Table 29 Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Spain (2019–2032)
Table 30 Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Spain (2019–2032)
Table 31 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy Cases in the United Kingdom (2019–2032)
Table 32 Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the United Kingdom (2019–2032)
Table 33 Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the United Kingdom (2019–2032)
Table 34 Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the United Kingdom (2019–2032)
Table 35 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Japan (2019–2032)
Table 36 Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the Japan (2019–2032)
Table 37 Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Japan (2019–2032)
Table 38 Type-Specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Japan (2019–2032)
Figure 1 Symptoms of HE
Figure 2 Grading of the symptoms of HE
Figure 3 Risk Factors of HE
Figure 4 Pathophysiology of HE
Figure 5 Ammonia Trafficking in HE from an Organism (left panel) and an Organ (right panel) Perspective
Figure 6 Diagnostic tree for HE, ammonia reducing treatments
Figure 7 The Classification of HE
Figure 8 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Cirrhosis (Hospitalization Cases of Cirrhosis) in the 7MM (2019–2032)
Figure 9 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) in the 7MM (2019–2032)
Figure 10 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the US (2019–2032)
Figure 11 Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the US (2019–2032)
Figure 12 Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the US (2019–2032)
Figure 13 Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the US (2019–2032)
Figure 14 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy Cases in Germany (2019–2032)
Figure 15 Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Germany (2019–2032)
Figure 16 Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Germany (2019–2032)
Figure 17 Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Germany (2019–2032)
Figure 18 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy Cases in France (2019–2032)
Figure 19 Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in France(2019–2032)
Figure 20 Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in France (2019–2032)
Figure 21 Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in France (2019–2032)
Figure 22 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy Cases in Italy (2019–2032)
Figure 23 Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Italy (2019–2032)
Figure 24 Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Italy (2019–2032)
Figure 25 Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Italy (2019–2032)
Figure 26 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy Cases in Spain (2019–2032)
Figure 27 Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Spain (2019–2032)
Figure 28 Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Spain(2019–2032)
Figure 29 Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Spain (2019–2032)
Figure 30 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy Cases in the United Kingdom (2019–2032)
Figure 31 Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the United Kingdom (2019–2032)
Figure 32 Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the United Kingdom (2019–2032)
Figure 33 Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in the United Kingdom (2019–2032)
Figure 34 Total Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Japan (2019–2032)
Figure 35 Gender-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Japan (2019–2032)
Figure 36 Age-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Japan (2019–2032)
Figure 37 Type-specific Diagnosed Prevalent Cases of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Japan (2019–2032)
Figure 38 Patient Journey

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