Interstitial Cystitis (IC) also called as painful bladder syndrome, is a chronic condition causing bladder pressure, bladder pain, and sometimes pelvic pain. The pain ranges from mild discomfort to severe levels. The bladder expands until it is full and then gives signal to the brain that it is time to urinate, communicating through pelvic nerves. With IC, these signals get mixed up and then patient feels the need to urinate more often and with smaller volumes of urine than most people. The IC disease most often affects women and can has a long-lasting impact on the quality of life. Although there is no cure, medications, and other therapies may offer some relief.
There are two types of IC such as non-ulcerative IC, which is found in 90% of the population suffering from IC. It is characterized by pinpoint hemorrhages called glomerulations. Another type of IC is Ulcerative IC, which comprises of about 5-10% of the patient population. It is mainly characterized by Hunner’s ulcers and the patches that bleed on bladder walls. Hunner’s ulcers, also called “Hunner’s lesions” or “Hunner’s patches”, are a sub type of IC and are not ulcers in the usual sense. They are distinctive areas of inflammation on the bladder wall that characterize the “classic” form of IC, and it affects only about 5 to 10 percent of patients suffering from IC.
Market Dynamics
The high prevalence of interstitial cystitis is driving the global interstitial cystitis drugs market. Patients suffering from interstitial cystitis experience symptoms such as lower urinary tract issues and bladder pain. Women are highly affected by this condition. According to Patnaik et al., 2017, prevalence estimates suggest that 45 per 100,000 females and 8 per 100,000 men are diagnosed with IC in North America.
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