Global Emotion Analytics Software Market Research Report 2026(Status and Outlook)
Description
Report Overview
Emotion Analytics Software has become increasinglyimportant in call centers, sales, and marketing divisions to understand client feelings.Marketing and sales teams can gain acomprehensive understanding of their customers by combining sentiment analysis with their existing CRM data to createtailored advertising campaigns. This is expected to support the growth of the emotion analytics market.
The global Emotion Analytics Software market size was estimated at USD 3623.0 million in 2025 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 16.20% during the forecast period.
This report offers a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the global Emotion Analytics Software market, covering all critical facets from a broad macroeconomic overview to detailed micro-level insights. It examines market size, competitive landscape, emerging development trends, niche segments, key drivers and challenges, as well as conducts SWOT and value chain analyses.
The insights provided enable readers to understand the competitive dynamics within the industry and formulate effective strategies to enhance profitability and market positioning. Additionally, the report presents a clear framework for evaluating the current status and future outlook of business organizations operating in this sector.
A significant focus of this report lies in the competitive landscape of the global Emotion Analytics Software market. It offers detailed profiles of major players, including their market shares, performance metrics, product portfolios, and operational status. This enables stakeholders to identify leading competitors and gain a nuanced understanding of market rivalry and structure.
In summary, this report serves as an essential resource for industry participants, investors, researchers, consultants, and business strategists, as well as anyone planning to enter or expand their presence in the Emotion Analytics Software market.
Global Emotion Analytics Software Market: Market Segmentation Analysis
This research report provides a detailed segmentation of the market by region (country), key manufacturers, product type, and application. Market segmentation divides the overall market into distinct subsets based on factors such as product categories, end-user industries, geographic locations, and other relevant criteria.
A clear understanding of these market segments enables decision-makers to tailor their product development, sales, and marketing strategies more effectively to meet the unique needs of each segment. Leveraging market segmentation insights can significantly enhance targeted approaches, optimize resource allocation, and accelerate product innovation cycles by aligning offerings with the specific demands of diverse customer groups.
Key Company
NVISO SA
Microsoft
iMotions A/S
IBM
TAWNY
MorphCast
CloudTalk
Noldus
Pansensic
Entropik Tech
MindsDB
Realeyes
Call Journey
Behavioral Signals
Kairos
Eyeris
Sightcorp
Emotional Recognition
Sensum
SOMA Analytics
Market Segmentation (by Type)
Facial Analytics
Speech Analytics
Video Analytics
Others
Market Segmentation (by Application)
Media & Entertainment
Retail and Education
Financial Services
Healthcare
Others
Geographic Segmentation
North America (USA, Canada, Mexico)
Europe (Germany, UK, France, Russia, Italy, Rest of Europe)
Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, South Korea, India, Southeast Asia, Rest of Asia-Pacific)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Columbia, Rest of South America)
The Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa, Rest of MEA)
Key Benefits of This Market Research:
Industry drivers, restraints, and opportunities covered in the study
Neutral perspective on the market performance
Recent industry trends and developments
Competitive landscape & strategies of key players
Potential & niche segments and regions exhibiting promising growth covered
Historical, current, and projected market size, in terms of value
In-depth analysis of the Emotion Analytics Software Market
Overview of the regional outlook of the Emotion Analytics Software Market:
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1 mainly introduces the statistical scope of the report, market division standards, and market research methods.
Chapter 2 is an executive summary of different market segments (by region, product type, application, etc), including the market size of each market segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the current state of the Emotion Analytics Software Market and its likely evolution in the short to mid-term, and long term.
Chapter 3 makes a detailed analysis of the market's competitive landscape of the market and provides the market share, capacity, output, price, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information of the main manufacturers in the market.
Chapter 4 is the analysis of the whole market industrial chain, including the upstream and downstream of the industry, as well as Porter's five forces analysis.
Chapter 5 introduces the latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 6 provides the analysis of various market segments according to product types, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 7 provides the analysis of various market segments according to application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 8 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space, and capacity of each country in the world.
Chapter 9 shares the main producing countries of Emotion Analytics Software, their output value, profit level, regional supply, production capacity layout, etc. from the supply side.
Chapter 10 introduces the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales revenue, sales volume, price, gross profit margin, market share, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 11 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region in the next five years.
Chapter 12 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each market segment in the next five years.
Chapter 13 is the main points and conclusions of the report.
Key Reasons to Buy this Report:
Access to date statistics compiled by our researchers. These provide you with historical and forecast data, which is analyzed to tell you why your market is set to change
This enables you to anticipate market changes to remain ahead of your competitors
You will be able to copy data from the Excel spreadsheet straight into your marketing plans, business presentations, or other strategic documents
The concise analysis, clear graph, and table format will enable you to pinpoint the information you require quickly
Provision of market value data for each segment and sub-segment
Indicates the region and segment that is expected to witness the fastest growth as well as to dominate the market
Analysis by geography highlighting the consumption of the product/service in the region as well as indicating the factors that are affecting the market within each region
Competitive landscape which incorporates the market ranking of the major players, along with new service/product launches, partnerships, business expansions, and acquisitions in the past five years of companies profiled
Extensive company profiles comprising of company overview, company insights, product benchmarking, and SWOT analysis for the major market players
The current as well as the future market outlook of the industry concerning recent developments which involve growth opportunities and drivers as well as challenges and restraints of both emerging as well as developed regions
Includes in-depth analysis of the market from various perspectives through Porter’s five forces analysis
Provides insight into the market through Value Chain
Market dynamics scenario, along with growth opportunities of the market in the years to come
Emotion Analytics Software has become increasinglyimportant in call centers, sales, and marketing divisions to understand client feelings.Marketing and sales teams can gain acomprehensive understanding of their customers by combining sentiment analysis with their existing CRM data to createtailored advertising campaigns. This is expected to support the growth of the emotion analytics market.
The global Emotion Analytics Software market size was estimated at USD 3623.0 million in 2025 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 16.20% during the forecast period.
This report offers a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the global Emotion Analytics Software market, covering all critical facets from a broad macroeconomic overview to detailed micro-level insights. It examines market size, competitive landscape, emerging development trends, niche segments, key drivers and challenges, as well as conducts SWOT and value chain analyses.
The insights provided enable readers to understand the competitive dynamics within the industry and formulate effective strategies to enhance profitability and market positioning. Additionally, the report presents a clear framework for evaluating the current status and future outlook of business organizations operating in this sector.
A significant focus of this report lies in the competitive landscape of the global Emotion Analytics Software market. It offers detailed profiles of major players, including their market shares, performance metrics, product portfolios, and operational status. This enables stakeholders to identify leading competitors and gain a nuanced understanding of market rivalry and structure.
In summary, this report serves as an essential resource for industry participants, investors, researchers, consultants, and business strategists, as well as anyone planning to enter or expand their presence in the Emotion Analytics Software market.
Global Emotion Analytics Software Market: Market Segmentation Analysis
This research report provides a detailed segmentation of the market by region (country), key manufacturers, product type, and application. Market segmentation divides the overall market into distinct subsets based on factors such as product categories, end-user industries, geographic locations, and other relevant criteria.
A clear understanding of these market segments enables decision-makers to tailor their product development, sales, and marketing strategies more effectively to meet the unique needs of each segment. Leveraging market segmentation insights can significantly enhance targeted approaches, optimize resource allocation, and accelerate product innovation cycles by aligning offerings with the specific demands of diverse customer groups.
Key Company
NVISO SA
Microsoft
iMotions A/S
IBM
TAWNY
MorphCast
CloudTalk
Noldus
Pansensic
Entropik Tech
MindsDB
Realeyes
Call Journey
Behavioral Signals
Kairos
Eyeris
Sightcorp
Emotional Recognition
Sensum
SOMA Analytics
Market Segmentation (by Type)
Facial Analytics
Speech Analytics
Video Analytics
Others
Market Segmentation (by Application)
Media & Entertainment
Retail and Education
Financial Services
Healthcare
Others
Geographic Segmentation
North America (USA, Canada, Mexico)
Europe (Germany, UK, France, Russia, Italy, Rest of Europe)
Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, South Korea, India, Southeast Asia, Rest of Asia-Pacific)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Columbia, Rest of South America)
The Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa, Rest of MEA)
Key Benefits of This Market Research:
Industry drivers, restraints, and opportunities covered in the study
Neutral perspective on the market performance
Recent industry trends and developments
Competitive landscape & strategies of key players
Potential & niche segments and regions exhibiting promising growth covered
Historical, current, and projected market size, in terms of value
In-depth analysis of the Emotion Analytics Software Market
Overview of the regional outlook of the Emotion Analytics Software Market:
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1 mainly introduces the statistical scope of the report, market division standards, and market research methods.
Chapter 2 is an executive summary of different market segments (by region, product type, application, etc), including the market size of each market segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the current state of the Emotion Analytics Software Market and its likely evolution in the short to mid-term, and long term.
Chapter 3 makes a detailed analysis of the market's competitive landscape of the market and provides the market share, capacity, output, price, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information of the main manufacturers in the market.
Chapter 4 is the analysis of the whole market industrial chain, including the upstream and downstream of the industry, as well as Porter's five forces analysis.
Chapter 5 introduces the latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 6 provides the analysis of various market segments according to product types, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 7 provides the analysis of various market segments according to application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 8 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space, and capacity of each country in the world.
Chapter 9 shares the main producing countries of Emotion Analytics Software, their output value, profit level, regional supply, production capacity layout, etc. from the supply side.
Chapter 10 introduces the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales revenue, sales volume, price, gross profit margin, market share, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 11 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region in the next five years.
Chapter 12 provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each market segment in the next five years.
Chapter 13 is the main points and conclusions of the report.
Key Reasons to Buy this Report:
Access to date statistics compiled by our researchers. These provide you with historical and forecast data, which is analyzed to tell you why your market is set to change
This enables you to anticipate market changes to remain ahead of your competitors
You will be able to copy data from the Excel spreadsheet straight into your marketing plans, business presentations, or other strategic documents
The concise analysis, clear graph, and table format will enable you to pinpoint the information you require quickly
Provision of market value data for each segment and sub-segment
Indicates the region and segment that is expected to witness the fastest growth as well as to dominate the market
Analysis by geography highlighting the consumption of the product/service in the region as well as indicating the factors that are affecting the market within each region
Competitive landscape which incorporates the market ranking of the major players, along with new service/product launches, partnerships, business expansions, and acquisitions in the past five years of companies profiled
Extensive company profiles comprising of company overview, company insights, product benchmarking, and SWOT analysis for the major market players
The current as well as the future market outlook of the industry concerning recent developments which involve growth opportunities and drivers as well as challenges and restraints of both emerging as well as developed regions
Includes in-depth analysis of the market from various perspectives through Porter’s five forces analysis
Provides insight into the market through Value Chain
Market dynamics scenario, along with growth opportunities of the market in the years to come
Table of Contents
122 Pages
- 1 Research Methodology and Statistical Scope
- 1.1 Market Definition and Statistical Scope of Emotion Analytics Software
- 1.2 Key Market Segments
- 1.2.1 Emotion Analytics Software Segment by Type
- 1.2.2 Emotion Analytics Software Segment by Application
- 1.3 Methodology & Sources of Information
- 1.3.1 Research Methodology
- 1.3.2 Research Process
- 1.3.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
- 1.3.4 Base Year
- 1.3.5 Report Assumptions & Caveats
- 2 Emotion Analytics Software Market Overview
- 2.1 Global Market Overview
- 2.2 Market Segment Executive Summary
- 2.3 Global Market Size by Region
- 3 Emotion Analytics Software Market Competitive Landscape
- 3.1 Company Assessment Quadrant
- 3.2 Global Emotion Analytics Software Product Life Cycle
- 3.3 Global Emotion Analytics Software Revenue Market Share by Company (2020-2025)
- 3.4 Emotion Analytics Software Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
- 3.5 Headquarters, Areas Served, and Product Types of Major Players
- 3.6 Emotion Analytics Software Market Competitive Situation and Trends
- 3.6.1 Emotion Analytics Software Market Concentration Rate
- 3.6.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Emotion Analytics Software Players Market Share by Revenue
- 3.6.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
- 4 Emotion Analytics Software Value Chain Analysis
- 4.1 Emotion Analytics Software Value Chain Analysis
- 4.2 Midstream Market Analysis
- 4.3 Downstream Customer Analysis
- 5 The Development and Dynamics of Emotion Analytics Software Market
- 5.1 Key Development Trends
- 5.2 Driving Factors
- 5.3 Market Challenges
- 5.4 Industry News
- 5.4.1 New Product Developments
- 5.4.2 Mergers & Acquisitions
- 5.4.3 Expansions
- 5.4.4 Collaboration/Supply Contracts
- 5.5 PEST Analysis
- 5.5.1 Industry Policies Analysis
- 5.5.2 Economic Environment Analysis
- 5.5.3 Social Environment Analysis
- 5.5.4 Technological Environment Analysis
- 5.6 Global Emotion Analytics Software Market Porter's Five Forces Analysis
- 6 Emotion Analytics Software Market Segmentation by Type
- 6.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
- 6.2 Global Emotion Analytics Software Market by Type (2020-2025)
- 6.3 Global Emotion Analytics Software Market Size Growth Rate by Type (2021-2025)
- 7 Emotion Analytics Software Market Segmentation by Application
- 7.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
- 7.2 Global Emotion Analytics Software Market Size (M USD) by Application (2020-2025)
- 7.3 Global Emotion Analytics Software Market Size Growth Rate by Application (2021-2025)
- 8 Emotion Analytics Software Market Segmentation by Region
- 8.1 Global Emotion Analytics Software Market Size by Region
- 8.1.1 Global Emotion Analytics Software Market Size by Region
- 8.1.2 Global Emotion Analytics Software Market Size Market Share by Region
- 8.2 North America
- 8.2.1 North America Emotion Analytics Software Market Size by Country
- 8.2.2 U.S.
- 8.2.3 Canada
- 8.2.4 Mexico
- 8.3 Europe
- 8.3.1 Europe Emotion Analytics Software Market Size by Country
- 8.3.2 Germany
- 8.3.3 France
- 8.3.4 U.K.
- 8.3.5 Italy
- 8.3.6 Spain
- 8.4 Asia Pacific
- 8.4.1 Asia Pacific Emotion Analytics Software Market Size by Region
- 8.4.2 China
- 8.4.3 Japan
- 8.4.4 South Korea
- 8.4.5 India
- 8.4.6 Southeast Asia
- 8.5 South America
- 8.5.1 South America Emotion Analytics Software Market Size by Country
- 8.5.2 Brazil
- 8.5.3 Argentina
- 8.5.4 Columbia
- 8.6 Middle East and Africa
- 8.6.1 Middle East and Africa Emotion Analytics Software Market Size by Region
- 8.6.2 Saudi Arabia
- 8.6.3 UAE
- 8.6.4 Egypt
- 8.6.5 Nigeria
- 8.6.6 South Africa
- 9 Key Companies Profile
- 9.1 NVISO SA
- 9.1.1 NVISO SA Basic Information
- 9.1.2 NVISO SA Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.1.3 NVISO SA Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.1.4 NVISO SA SWOT Analysis
- 9.1.5 NVISO SA Business Overview
- 9.1.6 NVISO SA Recent Developments
- 9.2 Microsoft
- 9.2.1 Microsoft Basic Information
- 9.2.2 Microsoft Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.2.3 Microsoft Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.2.4 Microsoft SWOT Analysis
- 9.2.5 Microsoft Business Overview
- 9.2.6 Microsoft Recent Developments
- 9.3 iMotions A/S
- 9.3.1 iMotions A/S Basic Information
- 9.3.2 iMotions A/S Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.3.3 iMotions A/S Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.3.4 iMotions A/S SWOT Analysis
- 9.3.5 iMotions A/S Business Overview
- 9.3.6 iMotions A/S Recent Developments
- 9.4 IBM
- 9.4.1 IBM Basic Information
- 9.4.2 IBM Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.4.3 IBM Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.4.4 IBM Business Overview
- 9.4.5 IBM Recent Developments
- 9.5 TAWNY
- 9.5.1 TAWNY Basic Information
- 9.5.2 TAWNY Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.5.3 TAWNY Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.5.4 TAWNY Business Overview
- 9.5.5 TAWNY Recent Developments
- 9.6 MorphCast
- 9.6.1 MorphCast Basic Information
- 9.6.2 MorphCast Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.6.3 MorphCast Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.6.4 MorphCast Business Overview
- 9.6.5 MorphCast Recent Developments
- 9.7 CloudTalk
- 9.7.1 CloudTalk Basic Information
- 9.7.2 CloudTalk Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.7.3 CloudTalk Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.7.4 CloudTalk Business Overview
- 9.7.5 CloudTalk Recent Developments
- 9.8 Noldus
- 9.8.1 Noldus Basic Information
- 9.8.2 Noldus Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.8.3 Noldus Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.8.4 Noldus Business Overview
- 9.8.5 Noldus Recent Developments
- 9.9 Pansensic
- 9.9.1 Pansensic Basic Information
- 9.9.2 Pansensic Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.9.3 Pansensic Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.9.4 Pansensic Business Overview
- 9.9.5 Pansensic Recent Developments
- 9.10 Entropik Tech
- 9.10.1 Entropik Tech Basic Information
- 9.10.2 Entropik Tech Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.10.3 Entropik Tech Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.10.4 Entropik Tech Business Overview
- 9.10.5 Entropik Tech Recent Developments
- 9.11 MindsDB
- 9.11.1 MindsDB Basic Information
- 9.11.2 MindsDB Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.11.3 MindsDB Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.11.4 MindsDB Business Overview
- 9.11.5 MindsDB Recent Developments
- 9.12 Realeyes
- 9.12.1 Realeyes Basic Information
- 9.12.2 Realeyes Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.12.3 Realeyes Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.12.4 Realeyes Business Overview
- 9.12.5 Realeyes Recent Developments
- 9.13 Call Journey
- 9.13.1 Call Journey Basic Information
- 9.13.2 Call Journey Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.13.3 Call Journey Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.13.4 Call Journey Business Overview
- 9.13.5 Call Journey Recent Developments
- 9.14 Behavioral Signals
- 9.14.1 Behavioral Signals Basic Information
- 9.14.2 Behavioral Signals Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.14.3 Behavioral Signals Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.14.4 Behavioral Signals Business Overview
- 9.14.5 Behavioral Signals Recent Developments
- 9.15 Kairos
- 9.15.1 Kairos Basic Information
- 9.15.2 Kairos Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.15.3 Kairos Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.15.4 Kairos Business Overview
- 9.15.5 Kairos Recent Developments
- 9.16 Eyeris
- 9.16.1 Eyeris Basic Information
- 9.16.2 Eyeris Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.16.3 Eyeris Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.16.4 Eyeris Business Overview
- 9.16.5 Eyeris Recent Developments
- 9.17 Sightcorp
- 9.17.1 Sightcorp Basic Information
- 9.17.2 Sightcorp Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.17.3 Sightcorp Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.17.4 Sightcorp Business Overview
- 9.17.5 Sightcorp Recent Developments
- 9.18 Emotional Recognition
- 9.18.1 Emotional Recognition Basic Information
- 9.18.2 Emotional Recognition Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.18.3 Emotional Recognition Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.18.4 Emotional Recognition Business Overview
- 9.18.5 Emotional Recognition Recent Developments
- 9.19 Sensum
- 9.19.1 Sensum Basic Information
- 9.19.2 Sensum Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.19.3 Sensum Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.19.4 Sensum Business Overview
- 9.19.5 Sensum Recent Developments
- 9.20 SOMA Analytics
- 9.20.1 SOMA Analytics Basic Information
- 9.20.2 SOMA Analytics Emotion Analytics Software Product Overview
- 9.20.3 SOMA Analytics Emotion Analytics Software Product Market Performance
- 9.20.4 SOMA Analytics Business Overview
- 9.20.5 SOMA Analytics Recent Developments
- 10 Emotion Analytics Software Market Forecast by Region
- 10.1 Global Emotion Analytics Software Market Size Forecast
- 10.2 Global Emotion Analytics Software Market Forecast by Region
- 10.2.1 North America Market Size Forecast by Country
- 10.2.2 Europe Emotion Analytics Software Market Size Forecast by Country
- 10.2.3 Asia Pacific Emotion Analytics Software Market Size Forecast by Region
- 10.2.4 South America Emotion Analytics Software Market Size Forecast by Country
- 10.2.5 Middle East and Africa Forecasted Sales of Emotion Analytics Software by Country
- 11 Forecast Market by Type and by Application (2026-2035)
- 11.1 Global Emotion Analytics Software Market Forecast by Type (2026-2035)
- 11.1.1 Global Emotion Analytics Software Market Size Forecast by Type (2026-2035)
- 11.2 Global Emotion Analytics Software Market Forecast by Application (2026-2035)
- 11.2.1 Global Emotion Analytics Software Market Size (M USD) Forecast by Application (2026-2035)
- 12 Conclusion and Key Findings
Pricing
Currency Rates
Questions or Comments?
Our team has the ability to search within reports to verify it suits your needs. We can also help maximize your budget by finding sections of reports you can purchase.


