There are two types of swine fever – Classical Swine Fever (CSF) and African Swine Fever (ASF). Classical swine fever (CSF) is an extremely contagious viral disease in pigs. The severity of the disease varies with the strain of the virus, the immune status of the herd, and the age of the pig. African swine fever, on the other hand, is a highly contagious and deadly viral disease affecting both domestic and feral swine of all ages. Acute forms of both ASF and CSF can cause high death rates, with mortality approaching 100% in the most severe form of ASF. Both diseases may also occur in milder forms with lower mortality rates. Swine fever could be considered a possibility in case of a sudden increase in deaths in a group of pigs. Clinical signs of acute forms of both ASF and CSF include depression, fever, loss of appetite, and red, purple, or blue blotching of the ears, nose, and limbs. Vomiting and diarrhea (bloody diarrhea for ASF) may occur as the disease progresses, along with breathing difficulties and coughing. The diseases spread through direct contact with infected pigs or contact with contaminated pens, trucks, or clothing. In both diseases, pigs can remain carriers of the disease for long period and therefore moving pigs during an outbreak must be restricted.
Market Dynamics
Increasing efforts by the government bodies to create awareness and prevent the spread of swine fever by organizing awareness campaigns are expected to drive the market growth over the forecast period. For instance, in June 2022, the United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) announced new efforts to help prevent the introduction and spread of African swine fever in the U.S. Through an outreach and awareness campaign called “Protect Our Pigs,” APHIS will support commercial pork producers, veterinarians, and pig owners with information and resources to help safeguard America’s swine population and the pork industry.
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