Global CSD Closures Industry Growth and Trends Forecast to 2031
Description
Summary
According to APO Research, The global CSD Closures market was estimated at US$ million in 2025 and is projected to reach a revised size of US$ million by 2031, witnessing a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period 2026-2031.
North American market for CSD Closures is estimated to increase from $ million in 2025 to reach $ million by 2031, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2026 through 2031.
Asia-Pacific market for CSD Closures is estimated to increase from $ million in 2025 to reach $ million by 2031, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2026 through 2031.
Europe market for CSD Closures is estimated to increase from $ million in 2025 to reach $ million by 2031, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2026 through 2031.
The major global manufacturers of CSD Closures include Berry Global, Secure Industries, ALPLA, Shreeji Blow Plast, Oriental Containers, Hads Pack, AMD Industries Limited, Taiwan Hon Chuan and Mpact Plastics, etc. In 2024, the world's top three vendors accounted for approximately % of the revenue.
Report Scope
This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for CSD Closures, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding CSD Closures.
The CSD Closures market size, estimations, and forecasts are provided in terms of sales volume (k units) and revenue ($ millions), considering 2024 as the base year, with history and forecast data for the period from 2020 to 2031. This report segments the global CSD Closures market comprehensively. Regional market sizes, concerning products by Type, by Application, and by players, are also provided. For a more in-depth understanding of the market, the report provides profiles of the competitive landscape, key competitors, and their respective market ranks. The report also discusses technological trends and new product developments.
Key Companies & Market Share Insights
In this section, the readers will gain an understanding of the key players competing. This report has studied the key growth strategies, such as innovative trends and developments, intensification of product portfolio, mergers and acquisitions, collaborations, new product innovation, and geographical expansion, undertaken by these participants to maintain their presence. Apart from business strategies, the study includes current developments and key financials. The readers will also get access to the data related to global revenue, price, and sales by manufacturers for the period 2020-2025. This all-inclusive report will certainly serve the clients to stay updated and make effective decisions in their businesses.
CSD Closures Segment by Company
Berry Global
Secure Industries
ALPLA
Shreeji Blow Plast
Oriental Containers
Hads Pack
AMD Industries Limited
Taiwan Hon Chuan
Mpact Plastics
Husky
UCL
Kane-Em Industries Limited
CSD Closures Segment by Type
1810 Closure
1881 Closure
CSD Closures Segment by Application
Beverage
Pharmaceutical
CSD Closures Segment by Region
North America
United States
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Spain
Netherlands
Switzerland
Sweden
Poland
Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
South Korea
India
Australia
Taiwan
Southeast Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Colombia
Middle East & Africa
Egypt
South Africa
Israel
Türkiye
GCC Countries
Key Drivers & Barriers
High-impact rendering factors and drivers have been studied in this report to aid the readers to understand the general development. Moreover, the report includes restraints and challenges that may act as stumbling blocks on the way of the players. This will assist the users to be attentive and make informed decisions related to business. Specialists have also laid their focus on the upcoming business prospects.
Reasons to Buy This Report
1. This report will help the readers to understand the competition within the industries and strategies for the competitive environment to enhance the potential profit. The report also focuses on the competitive landscape of the global CSD Closures market, and introduces in detail the market share, industry ranking, competitor ecosystem, market performance, new product development, operation situation, expansion, and acquisition. etc. of the main players, which helps the readers to identify the main competitors and deeply understand the competition pattern of the market.
2. This report will help stakeholders to understand the global industry status and trends of CSD Closures and provides them with information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
3. This report will help stakeholders to understand competitors better and gain more insights to strengthen their position in their businesses. The competitive landscape section includes the market share and rank (in volume and value), competitor ecosystem, new product development, expansion, and acquisition.
4. This report stays updated with novel technology integration, features, and the latest developments in the market
5. This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into which regions to target globally
6. This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into the end-user perception concerning the adoption of CSD Closures.
7. This report helps stakeholders to identify some of the key players in the market and understand their valuable contribution.
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1: Introduces the study scope of this report, executive summary of market segments by type, market size segments for North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa.
Chapter 2: Introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of CSD Closures manufacturers competitive landscape, price, sales, revenue, market share and ranking, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Sales, revenue of CSD Closures in regional level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and introduces the future development prospects, and market space in the world.
Chapter 5: Introduces market segments by application, market size segment for North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa.
Chapter 6: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa, sales and revenue by country.
Chapter 12: Analysis of industrial chain, key raw materials, manufacturing cost, and market dynamics.
Chapter 13: Concluding Insights of the report.
Please Note: Single-User license will be delivered via PDF from the publisher without the rights to print or to edit.
According to APO Research, The global CSD Closures market was estimated at US$ million in 2025 and is projected to reach a revised size of US$ million by 2031, witnessing a CAGR of xx% during the forecast period 2026-2031.
North American market for CSD Closures is estimated to increase from $ million in 2025 to reach $ million by 2031, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2026 through 2031.
Asia-Pacific market for CSD Closures is estimated to increase from $ million in 2025 to reach $ million by 2031, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2026 through 2031.
Europe market for CSD Closures is estimated to increase from $ million in 2025 to reach $ million by 2031, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period of 2026 through 2031.
The major global manufacturers of CSD Closures include Berry Global, Secure Industries, ALPLA, Shreeji Blow Plast, Oriental Containers, Hads Pack, AMD Industries Limited, Taiwan Hon Chuan and Mpact Plastics, etc. In 2024, the world's top three vendors accounted for approximately % of the revenue.
Report Scope
This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for CSD Closures, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding CSD Closures.
The CSD Closures market size, estimations, and forecasts are provided in terms of sales volume (k units) and revenue ($ millions), considering 2024 as the base year, with history and forecast data for the period from 2020 to 2031. This report segments the global CSD Closures market comprehensively. Regional market sizes, concerning products by Type, by Application, and by players, are also provided. For a more in-depth understanding of the market, the report provides profiles of the competitive landscape, key competitors, and their respective market ranks. The report also discusses technological trends and new product developments.
Key Companies & Market Share Insights
In this section, the readers will gain an understanding of the key players competing. This report has studied the key growth strategies, such as innovative trends and developments, intensification of product portfolio, mergers and acquisitions, collaborations, new product innovation, and geographical expansion, undertaken by these participants to maintain their presence. Apart from business strategies, the study includes current developments and key financials. The readers will also get access to the data related to global revenue, price, and sales by manufacturers for the period 2020-2025. This all-inclusive report will certainly serve the clients to stay updated and make effective decisions in their businesses.
CSD Closures Segment by Company
Berry Global
Secure Industries
ALPLA
Shreeji Blow Plast
Oriental Containers
Hads Pack
AMD Industries Limited
Taiwan Hon Chuan
Mpact Plastics
Husky
UCL
Kane-Em Industries Limited
CSD Closures Segment by Type
1810 Closure
1881 Closure
CSD Closures Segment by Application
Beverage
Pharmaceutical
CSD Closures Segment by Region
North America
United States
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Spain
Netherlands
Switzerland
Sweden
Poland
Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
South Korea
India
Australia
Taiwan
Southeast Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Colombia
Middle East & Africa
Egypt
South Africa
Israel
Türkiye
GCC Countries
Key Drivers & Barriers
High-impact rendering factors and drivers have been studied in this report to aid the readers to understand the general development. Moreover, the report includes restraints and challenges that may act as stumbling blocks on the way of the players. This will assist the users to be attentive and make informed decisions related to business. Specialists have also laid their focus on the upcoming business prospects.
Reasons to Buy This Report
1. This report will help the readers to understand the competition within the industries and strategies for the competitive environment to enhance the potential profit. The report also focuses on the competitive landscape of the global CSD Closures market, and introduces in detail the market share, industry ranking, competitor ecosystem, market performance, new product development, operation situation, expansion, and acquisition. etc. of the main players, which helps the readers to identify the main competitors and deeply understand the competition pattern of the market.
2. This report will help stakeholders to understand the global industry status and trends of CSD Closures and provides them with information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
3. This report will help stakeholders to understand competitors better and gain more insights to strengthen their position in their businesses. The competitive landscape section includes the market share and rank (in volume and value), competitor ecosystem, new product development, expansion, and acquisition.
4. This report stays updated with novel technology integration, features, and the latest developments in the market
5. This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into which regions to target globally
6. This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into the end-user perception concerning the adoption of CSD Closures.
7. This report helps stakeholders to identify some of the key players in the market and understand their valuable contribution.
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1: Introduces the study scope of this report, executive summary of market segments by type, market size segments for North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa.
Chapter 2: Introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of CSD Closures manufacturers competitive landscape, price, sales, revenue, market share and ranking, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Sales, revenue of CSD Closures in regional level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and introduces the future development prospects, and market space in the world.
Chapter 5: Introduces market segments by application, market size segment for North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa.
Chapter 6: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East & Africa, sales and revenue by country.
Chapter 12: Analysis of industrial chain, key raw materials, manufacturing cost, and market dynamics.
Chapter 13: Concluding Insights of the report.
Please Note: Single-User license will be delivered via PDF from the publisher without the rights to print or to edit.
Table of Contents
103 Pages
- 1 Market Overview
- 1.1 Product Definition
- 1.2 Global Market Growth Prospects
- 1.2.1 Global CSD Closures Market Size Estimates and Forecasts (2020-2031)
- 1.2.2 Global CSD Closures Sales Estimates and Forecasts (2020-2031)
- 1.3 CSD Closures Market by Type
- 1.3.1 1810 Closure
- 1.3.2 1881 Closure
- 1.4 Global CSD Closures Market Size by Type
- 1.4.1 Global CSD Closures Market Size Overview by Type (2020-2031)
- 1.4.2 Global CSD Closures Historic Market Size Review by Type (2020-2025)
- 1.4.3 Global CSD Closures Forecasted Market Size by Type (2026-2031)
- 1.5 Key Regions Market Size by Type
- 1.5.1 North America CSD Closures Sales Breakdown by Type (2020-2025)
- 1.5.2 Europe CSD Closures Sales Breakdown by Type (2020-2025)
- 1.5.3 Asia-Pacific CSD Closures Sales Breakdown by Type (2020-2025)
- 1.5.4 South America CSD Closures Sales Breakdown by Type (2020-2025)
- 1.5.5 Middle East and Africa CSD Closures Sales Breakdown by Type (2020-2025)
- 2 Global Market Dynamics
- 2.1 CSD Closures Industry Trends
- 2.2 CSD Closures Industry Drivers
- 2.3 CSD Closures Industry Opportunities and Challenges
- 2.4 CSD Closures Industry Restraints
- 3 Market Competitive Landscape by Company
- 3.1 Global Top Players by CSD Closures Revenue (2020-2025)
- 3.2 Global Top Players by CSD Closures Sales (2020-2025)
- 3.3 Global Top Players by CSD Closures Price (2020-2025)
- 3.4 Global CSD Closures Industry Company Ranking, 2023 VS 2024 VS 2025
- 3.5 Global CSD Closures Major Company Production Sites & Headquarters
- 3.6 Global CSD Closures Company, Product Type & Application
- 3.7 Global CSD Closures Company Establishment Date
- 3.8 Market Competitive Analysis
- 3.8.1 Global CSD Closures Market CR5 and HHI
- 3.8.2 Global Top 5 and 10 CSD Closures Players Market Share by Revenue in 2024
- 3.8.3 2023 CSD Closures Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3
- 4 CSD Closures Regional Status and Outlook
- 4.1 Global CSD Closures Market Size and CAGR by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
- 4.2 Global CSD Closures Historic Market Size by Region
- 4.2.1 Global CSD Closures Sales in Volume by Region (2020-2025)
- 4.2.2 Global CSD Closures Sales in Value by Region (2020-2025)
- 4.2.3 Global CSD Closures Sales (Volume & Value), Price and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
- 4.3 Global CSD Closures Forecasted Market Size by Region
- 4.3.1 Global CSD Closures Sales in Volume by Region (2026-2031)
- 4.3.2 Global CSD Closures Sales in Value by Region (2026-2031)
- 4.3.3 Global CSD Closures Sales (Volume & Value), Price and Gross Margin (2026-2031)
- 5 CSD Closures by Application
- 5.1 CSD Closures Market by Application
- 5.1.1 Beverage
- 5.1.2 Pharmaceutical
- 5.2 Global CSD Closures Market Size by Application
- 5.2.1 Global CSD Closures Market Size Overview by Application (2020-2031)
- 5.2.2 Global CSD Closures Historic Market Size Review by Application (2020-2025)
- 5.2.3 Global CSD Closures Forecasted Market Size by Application (2026-2031)
- 5.3 Key Regions Market Size by Application
- 5.3.1 North America CSD Closures Sales Breakdown by Application (2020-2025)
- 5.3.2 Europe CSD Closures Sales Breakdown by Application (2020-2025)
- 5.3.3 Asia-Pacific CSD Closures Sales Breakdown by Application (2020-2025)
- 5.3.4 South America CSD Closures Sales Breakdown by Application (2020-2025)
- 5.3.5 Middle East and Africa CSD Closures Sales Breakdown by Application (2020-2025)
- 6 Company Profiles
- 6.1 Berry Global
- 6.1.1 Berry Global Comapny Information
- 6.1.2 Berry Global Business Overview
- 6.1.3 Berry Global CSD Closures Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
- 6.1.4 Berry Global CSD Closures Product Portfolio
- 6.1.5 Berry Global Recent Developments
- 6.2 Secure Industries
- 6.2.1 Secure Industries Comapny Information
- 6.2.2 Secure Industries Business Overview
- 6.2.3 Secure Industries CSD Closures Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
- 6.2.4 Secure Industries CSD Closures Product Portfolio
- 6.2.5 Secure Industries Recent Developments
- 6.3 ALPLA
- 6.3.1 ALPLA Comapny Information
- 6.3.2 ALPLA Business Overview
- 6.3.3 ALPLA CSD Closures Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
- 6.3.4 ALPLA CSD Closures Product Portfolio
- 6.3.5 ALPLA Recent Developments
- 6.4 Shreeji Blow Plast
- 6.4.1 Shreeji Blow Plast Comapny Information
- 6.4.2 Shreeji Blow Plast Business Overview
- 6.4.3 Shreeji Blow Plast CSD Closures Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
- 6.4.4 Shreeji Blow Plast CSD Closures Product Portfolio
- 6.4.5 Shreeji Blow Plast Recent Developments
- 6.5 Oriental Containers
- 6.5.1 Oriental Containers Comapny Information
- 6.5.2 Oriental Containers Business Overview
- 6.5.3 Oriental Containers CSD Closures Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
- 6.5.4 Oriental Containers CSD Closures Product Portfolio
- 6.5.5 Oriental Containers Recent Developments
- 6.6 Hads Pack
- 6.6.1 Hads Pack Comapny Information
- 6.6.2 Hads Pack Business Overview
- 6.6.3 Hads Pack CSD Closures Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
- 6.6.4 Hads Pack CSD Closures Product Portfolio
- 6.6.5 Hads Pack Recent Developments
- 6.7 AMD Industries Limited
- 6.7.1 AMD Industries Limited Comapny Information
- 6.7.2 AMD Industries Limited Business Overview
- 6.7.3 AMD Industries Limited CSD Closures Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
- 6.7.4 AMD Industries Limited CSD Closures Product Portfolio
- 6.7.5 AMD Industries Limited Recent Developments
- 6.8 Taiwan Hon Chuan
- 6.8.1 Taiwan Hon Chuan Comapny Information
- 6.8.2 Taiwan Hon Chuan Business Overview
- 6.8.3 Taiwan Hon Chuan CSD Closures Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
- 6.8.4 Taiwan Hon Chuan CSD Closures Product Portfolio
- 6.8.5 Taiwan Hon Chuan Recent Developments
- 6.9 Mpact Plastics
- 6.9.1 Mpact Plastics Comapny Information
- 6.9.2 Mpact Plastics Business Overview
- 6.9.3 Mpact Plastics CSD Closures Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
- 6.9.4 Mpact Plastics CSD Closures Product Portfolio
- 6.9.5 Mpact Plastics Recent Developments
- 6.10 Husky
- 6.10.1 Husky Comapny Information
- 6.10.2 Husky Business Overview
- 6.10.3 Husky CSD Closures Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
- 6.10.4 Husky CSD Closures Product Portfolio
- 6.10.5 Husky Recent Developments
- 6.11 UCL
- 6.11.1 UCL Comapny Information
- 6.11.2 UCL Business Overview
- 6.11.3 UCL CSD Closures Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
- 6.11.4 UCL CSD Closures Product Portfolio
- 6.11.5 UCL Recent Developments
- 6.12 Kane-Em Industries Limited
- 6.12.1 Kane-Em Industries Limited Comapny Information
- 6.12.2 Kane-Em Industries Limited Business Overview
- 6.12.3 Kane-Em Industries Limited CSD Closures Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
- 6.12.4 Kane-Em Industries Limited CSD Closures Product Portfolio
- 6.12.5 Kane-Em Industries Limited Recent Developments
- 7 North America by Country
- 7.1 North America CSD Closures Sales by Country
- 7.1.1 North America CSD Closures Sales Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
- 7.1.2 North America CSD Closures Sales by Country (2020-2025)
- 7.1.3 North America CSD Closures Sales Forecast by Country (2026-2031)
- 7.2 North America CSD Closures Market Size by Country
- 7.2.1 North America CSD Closures Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
- 7.2.2 North America CSD Closures Market Size by Country (2020-2025)
- 7.2.3 North America CSD Closures Market Size Forecast by Country (2026-2031)
- 8 Europe by Country
- 8.1 Europe CSD Closures Sales by Country
- 8.1.1 Europe CSD Closures Sales Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
- 8.1.2 Europe CSD Closures Sales by Country (2020-2025)
- 8.1.3 Europe CSD Closures Sales Forecast by Country (2026-2031)
- 8.2 Europe CSD Closures Market Size by Country
- 8.2.1 Europe CSD Closures Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
- 8.2.2 Europe CSD Closures Market Size by Country (2020-2025)
- 8.2.3 Europe CSD Closures Market Size Forecast by Country (2026-2031)
- 9 Asia-Pacific by Country
- 9.1 Asia-Pacific CSD Closures Sales by Country
- 9.1.1 Asia-Pacific CSD Closures Sales Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
- 9.1.2 Asia-Pacific CSD Closures Sales by Country (2020-2025)
- 9.1.3 Asia-Pacific CSD Closures Sales Forecast by Country (2026-2031)
- 9.2 Asia-Pacific CSD Closures Market Size by Country
- 9.2.1 Asia-Pacific CSD Closures Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
- 9.2.2 Asia-Pacific CSD Closures Market Size by Country (2020-2025)
- 9.2.3 Asia-Pacific CSD Closures Market Size Forecast by Country (2026-2031)
- 10 South America by Country
- 10.1 South America CSD Closures Sales by Country
- 10.1.1 South America CSD Closures Sales Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
- 10.1.2 South America CSD Closures Sales by Country (2020-2025)
- 10.1.3 South America CSD Closures Sales Forecast by Country (2026-2031)
- 10.2 South America CSD Closures Market Size by Country
- 10.2.1 South America CSD Closures Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
- 10.2.2 South America CSD Closures Market Size by Country (2020-2025)
- 10.2.3 South America CSD Closures Market Size Forecast by Country (2026-2031)
- 11 Middle East and Africa by Country
- 11.1 Middle East and Africa CSD Closures Sales by Country
- 11.1.1 Middle East and Africa CSD Closures Sales Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
- 11.1.2 Middle East and Africa CSD Closures Sales by Country (2020-2025)
- 11.1.3 Middle East and Africa CSD Closures Sales Forecast by Country (2026-2031)
- 11.2 Middle East and Africa CSD Closures Market Size by Country
- 11.2.1 Middle East and Africa CSD Closures Market Size Growth Rate (CAGR) by Country: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
- 11.2.2 Middle East and Africa CSD Closures Market Size by Country (2020-2025)
- 11.2.3 Middle East and Africa CSD Closures Market Size Forecast by Country (2026-2031)
- 12 Value Chain and Sales Channels Analysis
- 12.1 CSD Closures Value Chain Analysis
- 12.1.1 CSD Closures Key Raw Materials
- 12.1.2 Key Raw Materials Price
- 12.1.3 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
- 12.1.4 Manufacturing Cost Structure
- 12.1.5 CSD Closures Production Mode & Process
- 12.2 CSD Closures Sales Channels Analysis
- 12.2.1 Direct Comparison with Distribution Share
- 12.2.2 CSD Closures Distributors
- 12.2.3 CSD Closures Customers
- 13 Concluding Insights
- 14 Appendix
- 14.1 Reasons for Doing This Study
- 14.2 Research Methodology
- 14.3 Research Process
- 14.4 Authors List of This Report
- 14.5 Data Source
- 14.5.1 Secondary Sources
- 14.5.2 Primary Sources
- 14.6 Disclaimer
Pricing
Currency Rates
Questions or Comments?
Our team has the ability to search within reports to verify it suits your needs. We can also help maximize your budget by finding sections of reports you can purchase.


