Procedural Trays Market by Product Type (Disposable, Reusable), Distribution Channel (Offline, Online), Material Type, Size, End-user - Global Forecast 2025-2032
Description
The Procedural Trays Market was valued at USD 18.23 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow to USD 20.26 billion in 2025, with a CAGR of 13.18%, reaching USD 49.11 billion by 2032.
A practical introduction to procedural tray dynamics highlighting clinical needs, procurement priorities, design trade-offs, and the converging forces reshaping product decisions
Procedural trays have become indispensable inventory components across clinical environments, combining sterilization, organization, and procedural efficiency into a single consumable or reusable solution. The following analysis introduces the operational and procurement dynamics that influence tray selection, the evolving preferences among clinical purchasers, and the intersecting forces of regulation, sustainability, and supply chain resilience that shape supplier strategies. By framing the opportunity through practical use cases and stakeholder priorities, this introduction sets the stage for deeper discussion on market drivers, material innovation, and distribution channel evolution.
Clinicians favor trays that reduce setup time, lower contamination risk, and integrate seamlessly with instrument sterilization cycles. Procurement teams prioritize total cost of ownership, vendor reliability, and compliance with local and national sterilization standards. Meanwhile, manufacturers balance design complexity, sterilization compatibility, and material sourcing constraints to deliver trays that meet both clinical and operational needs. As a result, the landscape is characterized by incremental innovation in materials and process design, along with heightened attention to lifecycle impacts and regulatory alignment. Transitioning from this baseline, subsequent sections examine the forces prompting systemic change and the tactical implications for manufacturers, distributors, and health system purchasers.
How clinical workflow demands, material innovation, and procurement digitization are converging to fundamentally alter procedural tray design, distribution, and supplier competitiveness
The procedural tray landscape is undergoing a set of transformative shifts driven by clinical workflow optimization, material science advances, and heightened sustainability expectations. Innovations in molded fiber and engineered polymers respond to sterilization and waste-management constraints, while integrated tray designs aim to streamline instrument layout and reduce setup variability. At the same time, healthcare systems are adopting more rigorous protocols for infection prevention, leading to stricter compatibility and labeling requirements for single-use and reusable trays.
Concurrently, distribution patterns are changing as purchasing organizations seek direct vendor partnerships and digital procurement workflows to improve traceability and reduce lead times. This shift favors manufacturers who can offer flexible production runs, rapid fulfillment, and data-enabled ordering platforms. Moreover, regulatory scrutiny around sterilization validation and material biocompatibility has increased, prompting suppliers to invest in certification pathways and post-market surveillance. Taken together, these shifts are accelerating consolidation among suppliers with technical capabilities, rewarding those who combine supply reliability with demonstrable clinical and environmental performance.
The cumulative consequences of recent tariff policies prompting manufacturers and buyers to regionalize production, diversify suppliers, and embed trade-risk modeling into procurement decisions
Recent tariff measures have imposed additional cost and operational friction across complex medical-device supply chains, with particular implications for imported tray components and raw materials. Tariffs have necessitated reevaluation of sourcing strategies, encouraging some manufacturers to regionalize production or secure long-term supplier contracts to mitigate exposure to unpredictable duty changes. As a result, procurement teams and manufacturers are increasingly modeling tariff risk when negotiating contracts and planning inventory buffers.
In response, several suppliers have pursued nearshoring and diversified supplier portfolios to reduce dependency on single-country inputs and to preserve margins without sacrificing compliance or quality. Parallel to these actions, logistics providers have adapted routing and consolidation practices to optimize landed cost under new duty regimes. Transitioning away from heavily centralized supply chains, buyers and sellers are building resilience through dual-sourcing agreements and flexible manufacturing arrangements that can accommodate shifts in import duties and customs protocols. These cumulative adjustments have increased the emphasis on transparency, contract agility, and scenario planning across procurement and manufacturing functions.
A comprehensive segmentation-driven perspective that aligns product design, materials selection, distribution strategy, and end-user requirements to guide targeted commercial approaches
A nuanced segmentation framework clarifies product development, go-to-market strategies, and clinical adoption pathways. When examining product type, understanding the distinct clinical and operational requirements that differentiate disposable trays from reusable trays helps manufacturers allocate R&D investment and service offerings accordingly; disposables often prioritize convenience and sterility assurance while reusables focus on lifecycle cost and sterilization compatibility. Looking across distribution channels, the divergence between offline procurement and online platforms is significant, with online sales increasingly routed through company websites and third-party e-commerce that enable streamlined ordering, repeat purchase automation, and performance analytics. Material type segmentation reveals that metal trays emphasize durability and repeated sterilization, molded fiber and paperboard solutions target biodegradability and cost-effective disposability, and plastic formulations offer design flexibility across sterilization methods.
Size considerations, spanning extra large to small trays, align with procedural complexity and instrument counts, thereby affecting packaging, sterilization cycle planning, and storage logistics. Finally, end-user segmentation among clinics, hospitals, and nursing homes highlights differing procurement cycles and clinical throughput; hospitals tend to demand higher-volume, standardized trays for operating suites, clinics may prefer compact, procedure-specific kits, and nursing homes often require simplified sets for routine care. Applied together, these segmentation lenses enable targeted product roadmaps and tailored service models that reflect the operational realities of each user group.
Regional supply chain realities and regulatory diversity shaping production strategies, distribution networks, and product adaptations across major global markets
Regional dynamics exert strong influence on manufacturing location decisions, distribution strategies, and regulatory timelines. In the Americas, procurement often emphasizes reliable supply chains, domestic production capacity, and strong regulatory alignment with established sterilization standards, which encourages investment in localized manufacturing and supplier partnerships. Moving to Europe, Middle East & Africa, the landscape is heterogeneous: stringent European regulatory frameworks and environmental mandates coexist with diverse procurement models across the Middle East and Africa, prompting suppliers to adopt modular compliance strategies and flexible distribution networks.
In the Asia-Pacific region, rapid hospital construction, growing outpatient care networks, and substantial manufacturing infrastructure create opportunities for scale and cost-competitive production. However, variability in regional sterilization standards and import/export policies necessitates tailored regulatory strategies and product adaptations. Across all regions, transitioning trends include increasing demand for traceability, interest in sustainable materials, and a preference for suppliers who can demonstrate both quality assurance and logistical responsiveness.
How companies are winning by combining technical innovation, sterilization partnerships, and service-oriented distribution to meet clinical and procurement demands
Leading suppliers and service providers are differentiating through investments in material science, sterilization validation, and integrated procurement services. Companies that commit to robust quality systems and transparent supplier networks are achieving higher levels of trust among clinical buyers and group purchasing organizations. Strategic partnerships between manufacturers and sterilization service providers are emerging to streamline validation cycles and to offer bundled solutions that reduce purchaser burden.
Innovation-focused companies are developing proprietary tray designs that optimize instrument layout and reduce turnaround time, while others are expanding into value-added services such as inventory management, reprocessing validation, and digital ordering platforms. Competitive advantage accrues to firms able to demonstrate traceable supply chains, rapid fulfillment capabilities, and documented environmental outcomes. Additionally, small and midsize manufacturers that can serve niche clinical segments with tailored tray configurations often find traction through targeted hospital-systems pilots and clinician co-design programs. Overall, the competitive landscape rewards a blend of technical credibility, service orientation, and operational flexibility.
Actionable recommendations for manufacturers and distributors to enhance resilience, clinical alignment, and product differentiation through sourcing, innovation, and digital integration
Industry leaders should prioritize a set of pragmatic actions to preserve competitiveness and support clinical effectiveness. First, align product portfolios with clinical workflows by engaging frontline clinicians in design validation and by piloting tray configurations in representative care settings to ensure fit-for-purpose outcomes. Second, diversify sourcing strategies by qualifying regional suppliers, exploring contract manufacturing partnerships, and instituting contingency plans that reduce reliance on any single supplier or geography. Third, invest in material and process innovations that improve sterilization compatibility, reduce waste, and lower lifecycle environmental impact while maintaining regulatory compliance.
Furthermore, build digital capabilities for order management and traceability that integrate with customer procurement systems, enabling predictable replenishment and data-driven continuous improvement. Strengthen value propositions by offering bundled services such as sterilization validation support, inventory management, and post-market surveillance to reduce purchaser friction. Finally, incorporate trade-risk modeling and flexible pricing strategies to absorb tariff volatility and maintain stable customer relationships. Taken together, these measures create resilient operations, stronger clinical alignment, and differentiated market positioning.
A transparent and reproducible research methodology combining stakeholder interviews, technical literature review, and supply-chain mapping to inform operationally relevant conclusions
This research synthesizes primary stakeholder interviews, technical literature reviews, and supply chain analyses to produce an operationally grounded perspective on procedural trays. Primary inputs included structured discussions with clinicians, procurement managers, sterilization experts, and manufacturing leads to capture practical considerations such as sterilization compatibility, handling ergonomics, and order-cycle behavior. These qualitative insights were complemented by a review of recent standards, regulatory guidance, and peer-reviewed materials science literature to contextualize product performance and compliance pathways.
Supply chain mapping and trade-policy review provided visibility into sourcing dependencies, tariff exposure, and logistical risk. Comparative assessment of materials incorporated laboratory-validated sterilization compatibility data and documented end-of-life handling characteristics. Throughout the analysis, methodological rigor was maintained by triangulating multiple data sources, documenting assumptions, and conducting sensitivity checks on scenario analyses. The methodology emphasizes transparency and reproducibility, enabling buyers and suppliers to evaluate how specific operational changes would affect procurement, production, and clinical outcomes.
Concluding synthesis emphasizing clinical co-design, supply chain resilience, and material innovation as the core drivers of future procedural tray competitiveness
In conclusion, procedural trays occupy a pivotal role at the intersection of clinical workflow efficiency, supply chain resilience, and sustainability imperatives. The sector is evolving as manufacturers refine material choices, design ergonomics, and distribution models to meet escalating clinical and environmental expectations. At the same time, tariff pressures and regional regulatory variability are encouraging companies to rethink sourcing, invest in flexible manufacturing, and engage more directly with purchasers to co-develop solutions that align with local needs.
Going forward, organizations that blend clinical co-design, robust quality systems, and digital ordering capabilities will be better positioned to deliver reliable, cost-effective tray solutions. Strategic focus on material innovation, sterilization validation, and service bundling will differentiate suppliers in a crowded field. Ultimately, stakeholders who emphasize operational transparency, supplier diversification, and measurable environmental improvements will advance both clinical outcomes and procurement resilience.
Please Note: PDF & Excel + Online Access - 1 Year
A practical introduction to procedural tray dynamics highlighting clinical needs, procurement priorities, design trade-offs, and the converging forces reshaping product decisions
Procedural trays have become indispensable inventory components across clinical environments, combining sterilization, organization, and procedural efficiency into a single consumable or reusable solution. The following analysis introduces the operational and procurement dynamics that influence tray selection, the evolving preferences among clinical purchasers, and the intersecting forces of regulation, sustainability, and supply chain resilience that shape supplier strategies. By framing the opportunity through practical use cases and stakeholder priorities, this introduction sets the stage for deeper discussion on market drivers, material innovation, and distribution channel evolution.
Clinicians favor trays that reduce setup time, lower contamination risk, and integrate seamlessly with instrument sterilization cycles. Procurement teams prioritize total cost of ownership, vendor reliability, and compliance with local and national sterilization standards. Meanwhile, manufacturers balance design complexity, sterilization compatibility, and material sourcing constraints to deliver trays that meet both clinical and operational needs. As a result, the landscape is characterized by incremental innovation in materials and process design, along with heightened attention to lifecycle impacts and regulatory alignment. Transitioning from this baseline, subsequent sections examine the forces prompting systemic change and the tactical implications for manufacturers, distributors, and health system purchasers.
How clinical workflow demands, material innovation, and procurement digitization are converging to fundamentally alter procedural tray design, distribution, and supplier competitiveness
The procedural tray landscape is undergoing a set of transformative shifts driven by clinical workflow optimization, material science advances, and heightened sustainability expectations. Innovations in molded fiber and engineered polymers respond to sterilization and waste-management constraints, while integrated tray designs aim to streamline instrument layout and reduce setup variability. At the same time, healthcare systems are adopting more rigorous protocols for infection prevention, leading to stricter compatibility and labeling requirements for single-use and reusable trays.
Concurrently, distribution patterns are changing as purchasing organizations seek direct vendor partnerships and digital procurement workflows to improve traceability and reduce lead times. This shift favors manufacturers who can offer flexible production runs, rapid fulfillment, and data-enabled ordering platforms. Moreover, regulatory scrutiny around sterilization validation and material biocompatibility has increased, prompting suppliers to invest in certification pathways and post-market surveillance. Taken together, these shifts are accelerating consolidation among suppliers with technical capabilities, rewarding those who combine supply reliability with demonstrable clinical and environmental performance.
The cumulative consequences of recent tariff policies prompting manufacturers and buyers to regionalize production, diversify suppliers, and embed trade-risk modeling into procurement decisions
Recent tariff measures have imposed additional cost and operational friction across complex medical-device supply chains, with particular implications for imported tray components and raw materials. Tariffs have necessitated reevaluation of sourcing strategies, encouraging some manufacturers to regionalize production or secure long-term supplier contracts to mitigate exposure to unpredictable duty changes. As a result, procurement teams and manufacturers are increasingly modeling tariff risk when negotiating contracts and planning inventory buffers.
In response, several suppliers have pursued nearshoring and diversified supplier portfolios to reduce dependency on single-country inputs and to preserve margins without sacrificing compliance or quality. Parallel to these actions, logistics providers have adapted routing and consolidation practices to optimize landed cost under new duty regimes. Transitioning away from heavily centralized supply chains, buyers and sellers are building resilience through dual-sourcing agreements and flexible manufacturing arrangements that can accommodate shifts in import duties and customs protocols. These cumulative adjustments have increased the emphasis on transparency, contract agility, and scenario planning across procurement and manufacturing functions.
A comprehensive segmentation-driven perspective that aligns product design, materials selection, distribution strategy, and end-user requirements to guide targeted commercial approaches
A nuanced segmentation framework clarifies product development, go-to-market strategies, and clinical adoption pathways. When examining product type, understanding the distinct clinical and operational requirements that differentiate disposable trays from reusable trays helps manufacturers allocate R&D investment and service offerings accordingly; disposables often prioritize convenience and sterility assurance while reusables focus on lifecycle cost and sterilization compatibility. Looking across distribution channels, the divergence between offline procurement and online platforms is significant, with online sales increasingly routed through company websites and third-party e-commerce that enable streamlined ordering, repeat purchase automation, and performance analytics. Material type segmentation reveals that metal trays emphasize durability and repeated sterilization, molded fiber and paperboard solutions target biodegradability and cost-effective disposability, and plastic formulations offer design flexibility across sterilization methods.
Size considerations, spanning extra large to small trays, align with procedural complexity and instrument counts, thereby affecting packaging, sterilization cycle planning, and storage logistics. Finally, end-user segmentation among clinics, hospitals, and nursing homes highlights differing procurement cycles and clinical throughput; hospitals tend to demand higher-volume, standardized trays for operating suites, clinics may prefer compact, procedure-specific kits, and nursing homes often require simplified sets for routine care. Applied together, these segmentation lenses enable targeted product roadmaps and tailored service models that reflect the operational realities of each user group.
Regional supply chain realities and regulatory diversity shaping production strategies, distribution networks, and product adaptations across major global markets
Regional dynamics exert strong influence on manufacturing location decisions, distribution strategies, and regulatory timelines. In the Americas, procurement often emphasizes reliable supply chains, domestic production capacity, and strong regulatory alignment with established sterilization standards, which encourages investment in localized manufacturing and supplier partnerships. Moving to Europe, Middle East & Africa, the landscape is heterogeneous: stringent European regulatory frameworks and environmental mandates coexist with diverse procurement models across the Middle East and Africa, prompting suppliers to adopt modular compliance strategies and flexible distribution networks.
In the Asia-Pacific region, rapid hospital construction, growing outpatient care networks, and substantial manufacturing infrastructure create opportunities for scale and cost-competitive production. However, variability in regional sterilization standards and import/export policies necessitates tailored regulatory strategies and product adaptations. Across all regions, transitioning trends include increasing demand for traceability, interest in sustainable materials, and a preference for suppliers who can demonstrate both quality assurance and logistical responsiveness.
How companies are winning by combining technical innovation, sterilization partnerships, and service-oriented distribution to meet clinical and procurement demands
Leading suppliers and service providers are differentiating through investments in material science, sterilization validation, and integrated procurement services. Companies that commit to robust quality systems and transparent supplier networks are achieving higher levels of trust among clinical buyers and group purchasing organizations. Strategic partnerships between manufacturers and sterilization service providers are emerging to streamline validation cycles and to offer bundled solutions that reduce purchaser burden.
Innovation-focused companies are developing proprietary tray designs that optimize instrument layout and reduce turnaround time, while others are expanding into value-added services such as inventory management, reprocessing validation, and digital ordering platforms. Competitive advantage accrues to firms able to demonstrate traceable supply chains, rapid fulfillment capabilities, and documented environmental outcomes. Additionally, small and midsize manufacturers that can serve niche clinical segments with tailored tray configurations often find traction through targeted hospital-systems pilots and clinician co-design programs. Overall, the competitive landscape rewards a blend of technical credibility, service orientation, and operational flexibility.
Actionable recommendations for manufacturers and distributors to enhance resilience, clinical alignment, and product differentiation through sourcing, innovation, and digital integration
Industry leaders should prioritize a set of pragmatic actions to preserve competitiveness and support clinical effectiveness. First, align product portfolios with clinical workflows by engaging frontline clinicians in design validation and by piloting tray configurations in representative care settings to ensure fit-for-purpose outcomes. Second, diversify sourcing strategies by qualifying regional suppliers, exploring contract manufacturing partnerships, and instituting contingency plans that reduce reliance on any single supplier or geography. Third, invest in material and process innovations that improve sterilization compatibility, reduce waste, and lower lifecycle environmental impact while maintaining regulatory compliance.
Furthermore, build digital capabilities for order management and traceability that integrate with customer procurement systems, enabling predictable replenishment and data-driven continuous improvement. Strengthen value propositions by offering bundled services such as sterilization validation support, inventory management, and post-market surveillance to reduce purchaser friction. Finally, incorporate trade-risk modeling and flexible pricing strategies to absorb tariff volatility and maintain stable customer relationships. Taken together, these measures create resilient operations, stronger clinical alignment, and differentiated market positioning.
A transparent and reproducible research methodology combining stakeholder interviews, technical literature review, and supply-chain mapping to inform operationally relevant conclusions
This research synthesizes primary stakeholder interviews, technical literature reviews, and supply chain analyses to produce an operationally grounded perspective on procedural trays. Primary inputs included structured discussions with clinicians, procurement managers, sterilization experts, and manufacturing leads to capture practical considerations such as sterilization compatibility, handling ergonomics, and order-cycle behavior. These qualitative insights were complemented by a review of recent standards, regulatory guidance, and peer-reviewed materials science literature to contextualize product performance and compliance pathways.
Supply chain mapping and trade-policy review provided visibility into sourcing dependencies, tariff exposure, and logistical risk. Comparative assessment of materials incorporated laboratory-validated sterilization compatibility data and documented end-of-life handling characteristics. Throughout the analysis, methodological rigor was maintained by triangulating multiple data sources, documenting assumptions, and conducting sensitivity checks on scenario analyses. The methodology emphasizes transparency and reproducibility, enabling buyers and suppliers to evaluate how specific operational changes would affect procurement, production, and clinical outcomes.
Concluding synthesis emphasizing clinical co-design, supply chain resilience, and material innovation as the core drivers of future procedural tray competitiveness
In conclusion, procedural trays occupy a pivotal role at the intersection of clinical workflow efficiency, supply chain resilience, and sustainability imperatives. The sector is evolving as manufacturers refine material choices, design ergonomics, and distribution models to meet escalating clinical and environmental expectations. At the same time, tariff pressures and regional regulatory variability are encouraging companies to rethink sourcing, invest in flexible manufacturing, and engage more directly with purchasers to co-develop solutions that align with local needs.
Going forward, organizations that blend clinical co-design, robust quality systems, and digital ordering capabilities will be better positioned to deliver reliable, cost-effective tray solutions. Strategic focus on material innovation, sterilization validation, and service bundling will differentiate suppliers in a crowded field. Ultimately, stakeholders who emphasize operational transparency, supplier diversification, and measurable environmental improvements will advance both clinical outcomes and procurement resilience.
Please Note: PDF & Excel + Online Access - 1 Year
Table of Contents
188 Pages
- 1. Preface
- 1.1. Objectives of the Study
- 1.2. Market Segmentation & Coverage
- 1.3. Years Considered for the Study
- 1.4. Currency
- 1.5. Language
- 1.6. Stakeholders
- 2. Research Methodology
- 3. Executive Summary
- 4. Market Overview
- 5. Market Insights
- 5.1. Growing demand for single-use sterile procedural trays to streamline surgical workflows and minimize contamination risks
- 5.2. Integration of smart sensor technology into procedural trays for real-time monitoring of tray inventory levels and usage patterns
- 5.3. Shift towards customized procedural trays tailored to specific surgical specialties to enhance operating room efficiency and reduce setup time
- 5.4. Increased utilization of eco-friendly and biodegradable materials in procedural tray manufacturing to address medical waste concerns
- 5.5. Implementation of lean inventory management systems with barcode and RFID tracking for procedural trays in healthcare facilities
- 5.6. Expansion of Asia-Pacific procedural tray market driven by rising healthcare infrastructure investments and surgery volumes
- 5.7. Collaborations between tray manufacturers and medical device companies to develop procedure-specific tray kits with optimized instrument layouts
- 6. Cumulative Impact of United States Tariffs 2025
- 7. Cumulative Impact of Artificial Intelligence 2025
- 8. Procedural Trays Market, by Product Type
- 8.1. Disposable
- 8.2. Reusable
- 9. Procedural Trays Market, by Distribution Channel
- 9.1. Offline
- 9.2. Online
- 9.2.1. Company Websites
- 9.2.2. Third Party Ecommerce
- 10. Procedural Trays Market, by Material Type
- 10.1. Metal
- 10.2. Molded Fiber
- 10.3. Paperboard
- 10.4. Plastic
- 11. Procedural Trays Market, by Size
- 11.1. Extra Large
- 11.2. Large
- 11.3. Medium
- 11.4. Small
- 12. Procedural Trays Market, by End-user
- 12.1. Clinics
- 12.2. Hospitals
- 12.3. Nursing Homes
- 13. Procedural Trays Market, by Region
- 13.1. Americas
- 13.1.1. North America
- 13.1.2. Latin America
- 13.2. Europe, Middle East & Africa
- 13.2.1. Europe
- 13.2.2. Middle East
- 13.2.3. Africa
- 13.3. Asia-Pacific
- 14. Procedural Trays Market, by Group
- 14.1. ASEAN
- 14.2. GCC
- 14.3. European Union
- 14.4. BRICS
- 14.5. G7
- 14.6. NATO
- 15. Procedural Trays Market, by Country
- 15.1. United States
- 15.2. Canada
- 15.3. Mexico
- 15.4. Brazil
- 15.5. United Kingdom
- 15.6. Germany
- 15.7. France
- 15.8. Russia
- 15.9. Italy
- 15.10. Spain
- 15.11. China
- 15.12. India
- 15.13. Japan
- 15.14. Australia
- 15.15. South Korea
- 16. Competitive Landscape
- 16.1. Market Share Analysis, 2024
- 16.2. FPNV Positioning Matrix, 2024
- 16.3. Competitive Analysis
- 16.3.1. 3M Company
- 16.3.2. B. Braun SE
- 16.3.3. Becton, Dickinson and Company
- 16.3.4. Biometrix BV
- 16.3.5. Brentwood Industries, Inc.
- 16.3.6. Cardinal Health, Inc.
- 16.3.7. Getinge AB
- 16.3.8. ICU Medical, Inc.
- 16.3.9. Inomed Technology SA
- 16.3.10. Johnson & Johnson
- 16.3.11. Keir Surgical Ltd.
- 16.3.12. Kimal PLC
- 16.3.13. Kuraray Co., Ltd.
- 16.3.14. Lohmann & Rauscher GmbH & Co. KG
- 16.3.15. Medica Europe BV
- 16.3.16. Medical Supplies & Equipment Company, LLC
- 16.3.17. Medline Industries, LP
- 16.3.18. Merit Medical Systems, Inc.
- 16.3.19. Mölnlycke Health Care AB
- 16.3.20. Nelipak Corporation
- 16.3.21. Owens & Minor, Inc.
- 16.3.22. Steris PLC
- 16.3.23. Stradis Medical, LLC
- 16.3.24. Stryker Corporation
- 16.3.25. STS Medical Group
- 16.3.26. SUMMIT MEDICAL, LLC
- 16.3.27. Teijin Frontier Co., Ltd.
- 16.3.28. Teleflex Incorporated
- 16.3.29. UNISURGE International Limited
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