Polylactic Acid Market by Form (Fiber, Film, Resin), Process (Condensation Polymerization, Ring Opening Polymerization), Grade, Application - Global Forecast 2025-2032
Description
The Polylactic Acid Market was valued at USD 1.84 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow to USD 2.13 billion in 2025, with a CAGR of 16.42%, reaching USD 6.21 billion by 2032.
Unveiling the Rise of Polylactic Acid as a Cornerstone of Eco-Friendly Polymer Technology Driving Sustainable Innovation Across Multiple Industries
Polylactic acid has emerged as a leading contender in the global shift towards sustainable polymer solutions, rooted in renewable feedstocks and designed for end-of-life biodegradability. Derived from agricultural byproducts such as corn starch or sugarcane, this bio-based polyester offers a compelling alternative to petroleum-derived plastics by significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with production. As environmental regulations tighten and corporate sustainability commitments accelerate, the role of polylactic acid within diverse value chains has expanded beyond niche applications to mainstream manufacturing. Leading industries have embraced its potential to integrate circular economy principles, recognizing that a shift away from linear consumption can foster long-term resilience and brand differentiation.
Moreover, advances in polymer chemistry and processing equipment have further enhanced the performance profile of polylactic acid, unlocking new applications in packaging, textiles, automotive interiors and consumer goods. These technical improvements have not only addressed early challenges in thermal stability and mechanical strength but have also opened doors to novel high-value segments, including medical devices and electronics components. Consequently, the growing confluence of regulatory mandates, environmental stewardship goals and continuous material innovation has positioned polylactic acid as a cornerstone of the next generation of sustainable polymers.
Mapping the Pivotal Transformations in Polylactic Acid Adoption Fueling a Paradigm Shift from Conventional Plastics to Biodegradable Solutions
The polylactic acid landscape has undergone transformative shifts driven by breakthroughs in feedstock sourcing, polymerization techniques and market dynamics. In recent years, the industry has pivoted from traditional starch-based inputs towards advanced biorefinery integration, enabling production at scale with enhanced process efficiency. Simultaneously, the adoption of ring opening polymerization has progressively replaced conventional condensation pathways in high-performance applications, delivering polymers with superior molecular weight control and crystallinity. This shift has been instrumental in expanding the utility of polylactic acid beyond rigid packaging into flexible films and high-temperature engineering components.
Concurrently, tightening sustainability regulations and escalating consumer demand for traceable, eco-friendly products have stimulated investments in closed-loop recycling and compostable product design. Packaging manufacturers, for instance, have reengineered barrier coatings to ensure that multilayer films remain fully compostable under industrial conditions, bridging the gap between barrier performance and end-of-life biodegradability. Furthermore, strategic collaborations across the value chain-from feedstock producers to end-users-have enabled more robust supply networks, mitigating feedstock volatility and aligning production capacity with evolving quality standards. As the industry continues to coalesce around circular economy frameworks, polylactic acid stands at the forefront of a paradigm shift away from single-use reliance towards resilient, regenerative material flows.
Assessing the Comprehensive Effects of United States Tariff Measures in 2025 on Polylactic Acid Supply Chains Cost Structures and Competitiveness
The imposition of United States tariffs in 2025 has reshaped the cost dynamics and strategic imperatives for polylactic acid stakeholders worldwide. With increased duties on imported intermediates and finished resins, manufacturers have been compelled to reevaluate sourcing strategies, negotiate long-term agreements with domestic and allied regional suppliers, and explore in-country production partnerships. These adjustments have prompted a realignment of supply chains, driving up initial procurement costs but incentivizing investments in local capacity expansions and joint ventures.
In response to tariff-induced price pressures, several producers have accelerated process enhancements aimed at reducing unit production expenses. Optimization efforts have spanned energy recovery integrations, catalyst reuse protocols and intensified reaction conditions to increase throughput. Consequently, while near-term cost structures experienced upward pressure, the strategic move towards localized value creation has fostered greater supply security and enabled closer collaboration between polymer producers and end-use converters. Looking ahead, this tariff environment is likely to catalyze further vertical integration, encouraging feedstock producers to form dedicated alliances with polymerization facilities in order to bolster competitiveness and ensure agile responses to evolving trade policies.
Unraveling Critical Segmentation Dimensions Illuminating Form Process Grade and Application Trends That Shape the Polylactic Acid Market Dynamics
A granular analysis of polylactic acid market segmentation reveals distinct performance drivers across form, process, grade and application classifications. When examining form, the polymer’s functionality manifests differently whether produced as fiber tailored for textile applications, as film engineered for packaging requirements, as resin formulated for injection molding, or as sheet designed for thermoforming platforms. Each form factor demands customized processing parameters to achieve the optimal balance of tensile strength, clarity and biodegradation rate.
In terms of process, the differences between condensation polymerization and ring opening polymerization are reflected in the polymer’s molecular weight distribution, thermal stability and crystallinity. Manufacturers leveraging ring opening polymerization have unlocked higher-molecular-weight grades that meet rigorous criteria for demanding applications, while condensation polymerization continues to serve cost-sensitive markets. From a grade perspective, industrial classifications prioritize mechanical robustness and consistency, whereas medical grades emphasize sterility, biocompatibility and regulatory compliance for implants and disposable devices. These grade distinctions drive dedicated quality control regimes and certification pathways.
Finally, application segmentation spans agriculture mulch films that enhance soil health, automotive interior components engineered for weight reduction, electronics insulation materials, medical disposables and implantable devices, as well as packaging films and textile yarns. Each end market imposes unique performance thresholds and certification standards, compelling producers to tailor formulations, collaborate closely with converters and invest continuously in application-specific R&D to maintain a competitive edge.
Exploring Regional Variations in Polylactic Acid Adoption and Growth Drivers Highlighting Diverse Market Characteristics Across Major Geographies
Regional performance in the polylactic acid sector exhibits significant variation driven by feedstock availability, regulatory frameworks and consumer attitudes. In the Americas, abundant agricultural resources have supported large-scale production facilities, fostering integration with corn wet-milling operations and enabling rapid capacity expansions. This region also benefits from established recycling infrastructure and government incentives aimed at reducing single-use plastic waste.
Meanwhile, Europe, Middle East & Africa presents a diverse landscape where stringent environmental mandates and extended producer responsibility regulations have accelerated adoption of biodegradable polymers. Leading converters in Europe have pioneered compostable packaging solutions compliant with EN standards, while emerging markets across the Middle East and Africa are increasingly exploring polylactic acid for agricultural films and water-soluble medical devices due to favorable climatic conditions for industrial composting.
In the Asia-Pacific region, dynamic growth is underpinned by both robust manufacturing ecosystems and rapid consumer uptake of sustainable products. Countries with established petrochemical sectors are now diversifying into bio-based alternatives, supported by government subsidies for bioplastic initiatives. As infrastructure and logistics networks mature, Asia-Pacific is poised to drive the next wave of demand for polylactic acid across packaging, textiles and emerging high-end applications such as electronics housing.
Profiling Leading Stakeholders Pioneering Polylactic Acid Innovation and Performance Improvements Amid Competitive Pressures in the Polymer Landscape
Leading stakeholders in the polylactic acid arena have differentiated themselves through integrated value chain strategies, proprietary process enhancements and strategic partnerships. Established chemical multinationals have deployed capital to expand ring opening polymerization capacity and secure long-term feedstock agreements, whereas specialist biopolymer producers have focused on developing tailored grades for medical and high-performance engineering sectors. Collaborative research alliances between resin manufacturers and academic institutions have yielded novel bio-based catalysts that lower energy consumption and improve polymer yields.
Simultaneously, innovative start-ups have introduced advanced extrusion and compounding capabilities to produce high-clarity films and fibers with enhanced mechanical resilience. These players leverage digital process controls and real-time analytics to optimize reaction parameters, ensuring consistent product quality at scale. Additionally, integration of blockchain-based traceability platforms has enabled several companies to guarantee feedstock provenance and end-of-life compliance, strengthening brand trust and supporting premium positioning. As competitive pressures intensify, strategic alliances and continuous technology licensing will remain cornerstones of leading firms’ growth trajectories.
Strategic Action Plan for Polylactic Acid Industry Leaders to Capitalize on Emerging Opportunities and Strengthen Resilience in a Rapidly Evolving Market
Industry leaders should prioritize strategic supply chain diversification by forging partnerships with multiple feedstock providers to mitigate volatility in agricultural commodity prices. In parallel, investing in advanced process technologies such as continuous ring opening polymerization units can deliver both operational efficiencies and superior material performance, enabling access to high-value end markets. Equally important is the development of robust closed-loop recycling and composting collaborations with waste management enterprises, ensuring that product stewardship extends beyond the point of sale.
Furthermore, engaging with regulatory bodies to shape evolving standards for compostable plastics will provide critical insights into compliance timelines and emerging certification protocols. Companies are advised to allocate resources towards co-innovation platforms that bring together resin producers, converters and brand owners to fast-track development of application-specific formulations. Finally, embedding digitalization across manufacturing and quality assurance processes will enhance traceability, reduce downtime, and support data-driven decision making in research and development efforts.
Methodological Framework Leveraging Qualitative Insights and Data Collection Approaches to Ensure Rigorous Analysis of Polylactic Acid Dynamics
The research underpinning this analysis combines extensive primary interviews with executives across the polylactic acid value chain, including feedstock suppliers, polymer producers, converters and end-use customers. These insights are complemented by a thorough review of public domain literature, patent filings, regulatory documents and industry consortium reports. Quantitative data were triangulated through cross-verification with proprietary shipment databases and trade statistics to ensure consistency.
Analytical frameworks applied include SWOT assessments, value chain mapping and scenario analysis to evaluate the impact of evolving regulations and tariff structures. Validation workshops with subject matter experts were conducted to refine key findings and confirm strategic recommendations. This multi-method approach ensures that the conclusions drawn reflect both current market realities and forward-looking indicators of emerging trends.
Concluding Perspectives on Polylactic Acid Evolution Underscoring the Imperative for Collaborative Innovation to Advance Sustainable Polymer Solutions
In conclusion, polylactic acid stands at the nexus of sustainability imperatives and polymer innovation, offering a viable pathway to reduce reliance on fossil-based materials while meeting the performance requirements of diverse end markets. The confluence of technological advancements in ring opening polymerization, evolving regulatory landscapes and shifting consumer preferences creates a fertile environment for continued growth and differentiation. Stakeholders that effectively integrate feedstock partnerships, process optimization and circular economy principles will unlock significant competitive advantages.
Looking ahead, collaboration across industry, academia and regulatory bodies will be essential to address remaining challenges in high-temperature performance and large-scale compostability. Continued investment in R&D, combined with strategic alignment of regional production capabilities, will define the next chapter of polylactic acid’s evolution as a mainstream sustainable polymer solution.
Please Note: PDF & Excel + Online Access - 1 Year
Unveiling the Rise of Polylactic Acid as a Cornerstone of Eco-Friendly Polymer Technology Driving Sustainable Innovation Across Multiple Industries
Polylactic acid has emerged as a leading contender in the global shift towards sustainable polymer solutions, rooted in renewable feedstocks and designed for end-of-life biodegradability. Derived from agricultural byproducts such as corn starch or sugarcane, this bio-based polyester offers a compelling alternative to petroleum-derived plastics by significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with production. As environmental regulations tighten and corporate sustainability commitments accelerate, the role of polylactic acid within diverse value chains has expanded beyond niche applications to mainstream manufacturing. Leading industries have embraced its potential to integrate circular economy principles, recognizing that a shift away from linear consumption can foster long-term resilience and brand differentiation.
Moreover, advances in polymer chemistry and processing equipment have further enhanced the performance profile of polylactic acid, unlocking new applications in packaging, textiles, automotive interiors and consumer goods. These technical improvements have not only addressed early challenges in thermal stability and mechanical strength but have also opened doors to novel high-value segments, including medical devices and electronics components. Consequently, the growing confluence of regulatory mandates, environmental stewardship goals and continuous material innovation has positioned polylactic acid as a cornerstone of the next generation of sustainable polymers.
Mapping the Pivotal Transformations in Polylactic Acid Adoption Fueling a Paradigm Shift from Conventional Plastics to Biodegradable Solutions
The polylactic acid landscape has undergone transformative shifts driven by breakthroughs in feedstock sourcing, polymerization techniques and market dynamics. In recent years, the industry has pivoted from traditional starch-based inputs towards advanced biorefinery integration, enabling production at scale with enhanced process efficiency. Simultaneously, the adoption of ring opening polymerization has progressively replaced conventional condensation pathways in high-performance applications, delivering polymers with superior molecular weight control and crystallinity. This shift has been instrumental in expanding the utility of polylactic acid beyond rigid packaging into flexible films and high-temperature engineering components.
Concurrently, tightening sustainability regulations and escalating consumer demand for traceable, eco-friendly products have stimulated investments in closed-loop recycling and compostable product design. Packaging manufacturers, for instance, have reengineered barrier coatings to ensure that multilayer films remain fully compostable under industrial conditions, bridging the gap between barrier performance and end-of-life biodegradability. Furthermore, strategic collaborations across the value chain-from feedstock producers to end-users-have enabled more robust supply networks, mitigating feedstock volatility and aligning production capacity with evolving quality standards. As the industry continues to coalesce around circular economy frameworks, polylactic acid stands at the forefront of a paradigm shift away from single-use reliance towards resilient, regenerative material flows.
Assessing the Comprehensive Effects of United States Tariff Measures in 2025 on Polylactic Acid Supply Chains Cost Structures and Competitiveness
The imposition of United States tariffs in 2025 has reshaped the cost dynamics and strategic imperatives for polylactic acid stakeholders worldwide. With increased duties on imported intermediates and finished resins, manufacturers have been compelled to reevaluate sourcing strategies, negotiate long-term agreements with domestic and allied regional suppliers, and explore in-country production partnerships. These adjustments have prompted a realignment of supply chains, driving up initial procurement costs but incentivizing investments in local capacity expansions and joint ventures.
In response to tariff-induced price pressures, several producers have accelerated process enhancements aimed at reducing unit production expenses. Optimization efforts have spanned energy recovery integrations, catalyst reuse protocols and intensified reaction conditions to increase throughput. Consequently, while near-term cost structures experienced upward pressure, the strategic move towards localized value creation has fostered greater supply security and enabled closer collaboration between polymer producers and end-use converters. Looking ahead, this tariff environment is likely to catalyze further vertical integration, encouraging feedstock producers to form dedicated alliances with polymerization facilities in order to bolster competitiveness and ensure agile responses to evolving trade policies.
Unraveling Critical Segmentation Dimensions Illuminating Form Process Grade and Application Trends That Shape the Polylactic Acid Market Dynamics
A granular analysis of polylactic acid market segmentation reveals distinct performance drivers across form, process, grade and application classifications. When examining form, the polymer’s functionality manifests differently whether produced as fiber tailored for textile applications, as film engineered for packaging requirements, as resin formulated for injection molding, or as sheet designed for thermoforming platforms. Each form factor demands customized processing parameters to achieve the optimal balance of tensile strength, clarity and biodegradation rate.
In terms of process, the differences between condensation polymerization and ring opening polymerization are reflected in the polymer’s molecular weight distribution, thermal stability and crystallinity. Manufacturers leveraging ring opening polymerization have unlocked higher-molecular-weight grades that meet rigorous criteria for demanding applications, while condensation polymerization continues to serve cost-sensitive markets. From a grade perspective, industrial classifications prioritize mechanical robustness and consistency, whereas medical grades emphasize sterility, biocompatibility and regulatory compliance for implants and disposable devices. These grade distinctions drive dedicated quality control regimes and certification pathways.
Finally, application segmentation spans agriculture mulch films that enhance soil health, automotive interior components engineered for weight reduction, electronics insulation materials, medical disposables and implantable devices, as well as packaging films and textile yarns. Each end market imposes unique performance thresholds and certification standards, compelling producers to tailor formulations, collaborate closely with converters and invest continuously in application-specific R&D to maintain a competitive edge.
Exploring Regional Variations in Polylactic Acid Adoption and Growth Drivers Highlighting Diverse Market Characteristics Across Major Geographies
Regional performance in the polylactic acid sector exhibits significant variation driven by feedstock availability, regulatory frameworks and consumer attitudes. In the Americas, abundant agricultural resources have supported large-scale production facilities, fostering integration with corn wet-milling operations and enabling rapid capacity expansions. This region also benefits from established recycling infrastructure and government incentives aimed at reducing single-use plastic waste.
Meanwhile, Europe, Middle East & Africa presents a diverse landscape where stringent environmental mandates and extended producer responsibility regulations have accelerated adoption of biodegradable polymers. Leading converters in Europe have pioneered compostable packaging solutions compliant with EN standards, while emerging markets across the Middle East and Africa are increasingly exploring polylactic acid for agricultural films and water-soluble medical devices due to favorable climatic conditions for industrial composting.
In the Asia-Pacific region, dynamic growth is underpinned by both robust manufacturing ecosystems and rapid consumer uptake of sustainable products. Countries with established petrochemical sectors are now diversifying into bio-based alternatives, supported by government subsidies for bioplastic initiatives. As infrastructure and logistics networks mature, Asia-Pacific is poised to drive the next wave of demand for polylactic acid across packaging, textiles and emerging high-end applications such as electronics housing.
Profiling Leading Stakeholders Pioneering Polylactic Acid Innovation and Performance Improvements Amid Competitive Pressures in the Polymer Landscape
Leading stakeholders in the polylactic acid arena have differentiated themselves through integrated value chain strategies, proprietary process enhancements and strategic partnerships. Established chemical multinationals have deployed capital to expand ring opening polymerization capacity and secure long-term feedstock agreements, whereas specialist biopolymer producers have focused on developing tailored grades for medical and high-performance engineering sectors. Collaborative research alliances between resin manufacturers and academic institutions have yielded novel bio-based catalysts that lower energy consumption and improve polymer yields.
Simultaneously, innovative start-ups have introduced advanced extrusion and compounding capabilities to produce high-clarity films and fibers with enhanced mechanical resilience. These players leverage digital process controls and real-time analytics to optimize reaction parameters, ensuring consistent product quality at scale. Additionally, integration of blockchain-based traceability platforms has enabled several companies to guarantee feedstock provenance and end-of-life compliance, strengthening brand trust and supporting premium positioning. As competitive pressures intensify, strategic alliances and continuous technology licensing will remain cornerstones of leading firms’ growth trajectories.
Strategic Action Plan for Polylactic Acid Industry Leaders to Capitalize on Emerging Opportunities and Strengthen Resilience in a Rapidly Evolving Market
Industry leaders should prioritize strategic supply chain diversification by forging partnerships with multiple feedstock providers to mitigate volatility in agricultural commodity prices. In parallel, investing in advanced process technologies such as continuous ring opening polymerization units can deliver both operational efficiencies and superior material performance, enabling access to high-value end markets. Equally important is the development of robust closed-loop recycling and composting collaborations with waste management enterprises, ensuring that product stewardship extends beyond the point of sale.
Furthermore, engaging with regulatory bodies to shape evolving standards for compostable plastics will provide critical insights into compliance timelines and emerging certification protocols. Companies are advised to allocate resources towards co-innovation platforms that bring together resin producers, converters and brand owners to fast-track development of application-specific formulations. Finally, embedding digitalization across manufacturing and quality assurance processes will enhance traceability, reduce downtime, and support data-driven decision making in research and development efforts.
Methodological Framework Leveraging Qualitative Insights and Data Collection Approaches to Ensure Rigorous Analysis of Polylactic Acid Dynamics
The research underpinning this analysis combines extensive primary interviews with executives across the polylactic acid value chain, including feedstock suppliers, polymer producers, converters and end-use customers. These insights are complemented by a thorough review of public domain literature, patent filings, regulatory documents and industry consortium reports. Quantitative data were triangulated through cross-verification with proprietary shipment databases and trade statistics to ensure consistency.
Analytical frameworks applied include SWOT assessments, value chain mapping and scenario analysis to evaluate the impact of evolving regulations and tariff structures. Validation workshops with subject matter experts were conducted to refine key findings and confirm strategic recommendations. This multi-method approach ensures that the conclusions drawn reflect both current market realities and forward-looking indicators of emerging trends.
Concluding Perspectives on Polylactic Acid Evolution Underscoring the Imperative for Collaborative Innovation to Advance Sustainable Polymer Solutions
In conclusion, polylactic acid stands at the nexus of sustainability imperatives and polymer innovation, offering a viable pathway to reduce reliance on fossil-based materials while meeting the performance requirements of diverse end markets. The confluence of technological advancements in ring opening polymerization, evolving regulatory landscapes and shifting consumer preferences creates a fertile environment for continued growth and differentiation. Stakeholders that effectively integrate feedstock partnerships, process optimization and circular economy principles will unlock significant competitive advantages.
Looking ahead, collaboration across industry, academia and regulatory bodies will be essential to address remaining challenges in high-temperature performance and large-scale compostability. Continued investment in R&D, combined with strategic alignment of regional production capabilities, will define the next chapter of polylactic acid’s evolution as a mainstream sustainable polymer solution.
Please Note: PDF & Excel + Online Access - 1 Year
Table of Contents
184 Pages
- 1. Preface
- 1.1. Objectives of the Study
- 1.2. Market Segmentation & Coverage
- 1.3. Years Considered for the Study
- 1.4. Currency
- 1.5. Language
- 1.6. Stakeholders
- 2. Research Methodology
- 3. Executive Summary
- 4. Market Overview
- 5. Market Insights
- 5.1. Advances in high-performance PLA composites integrating nanocellulose for improved strength and thermal stability
- 5.2. Integration of PLA-based bioresorbable polymers in medical implant manufacturing processes
- 5.3. Scale-up challenges and strategic partnerships in large-volume PLA bioplastic production facilities
- 5.4. Regulatory incentives driving adoption of PLA packaging in food and beverage supply chains
- 5.5. Breakthroughs in chemical recycling technologies converting post-consumer PLA waste back to lactic acid monomers
- 5.6. Agricultural supply chain optimization for consistent low-carbon feedstock sourcing in PLA biopolymer production
- 5.7. Adoption of PLA foam roofing materials in lightweight green roofing systems for urban heat island mitigation
- 5.8. Development of PLA-based breathable nonwoven fabrics for sustainable personal care and hygiene applications
- 5.9. Scaling adoption of post-industrial PLA mechanical recycling loops to reduce virgin polymer demand in packaging
- 6. Cumulative Impact of United States Tariffs 2025
- 7. Cumulative Impact of Artificial Intelligence 2025
- 8. Polylactic Acid Market, by Form
- 8.1. Fiber
- 8.2. Film
- 8.3. Resin
- 8.4. Sheet
- 9. Polylactic Acid Market, by Process
- 9.1. Condensation Polymerization
- 9.2. Ring Opening Polymerization
- 10. Polylactic Acid Market, by Grade
- 10.1. Industrial
- 10.2. Medical
- 11. Polylactic Acid Market, by Application
- 11.1. Agriculture
- 11.2. Automotive
- 11.3. Electronics
- 11.4. Medical
- 11.5. Packaging
- 11.6. Textile
- 12. Polylactic Acid Market, by Region
- 12.1. Americas
- 12.1.1. North America
- 12.1.2. Latin America
- 12.2. Europe, Middle East & Africa
- 12.2.1. Europe
- 12.2.2. Middle East
- 12.2.3. Africa
- 12.3. Asia-Pacific
- 13. Polylactic Acid Market, by Group
- 13.1. ASEAN
- 13.2. GCC
- 13.3. European Union
- 13.4. BRICS
- 13.5. G7
- 13.6. NATO
- 14. Polylactic Acid Market, by Country
- 14.1. United States
- 14.2. Canada
- 14.3. Mexico
- 14.4. Brazil
- 14.5. United Kingdom
- 14.6. Germany
- 14.7. France
- 14.8. Russia
- 14.9. Italy
- 14.10. Spain
- 14.11. China
- 14.12. India
- 14.13. Japan
- 14.14. Australia
- 14.15. South Korea
- 15. Competitive Landscape
- 15.1. Market Share Analysis, 2024
- 15.2. FPNV Positioning Matrix, 2024
- 15.3. Competitive Analysis
- 15.3.1. FUTERRO S.A.
- 15.3.2. Sulzer Ltd.
- 15.3.3. Bleher Folientechnik GmbH
- 15.3.4. CD Bioparticles
- 15.3.5. FKuR Kunststoff GmbH
- 15.3.6. Henan Jindan Lactic Acid Technology Co. Ltd.
- 15.3.7. Merck KGaA
- 15.3.8. Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
- 15.3.9. Musashino Chemical Laboratory, Ltd.
- 15.3.10. Natureworks LLC
- 15.3.11. Otto Chemie Pvt. Ltd.
- 15.3.12. Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
- 15.3.13. Teijin Limited
- 15.3.14. Toray Industries, Inc.
- 15.3.15. TotalEnergies Corbion bv
- 15.3.16. UNITIKA LTD.
- 15.3.17. Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Co., Ltd.
- 15.3.18. Archer Daniels Midland Company
- 15.3.19. LG Chem, Ltd.
- 15.3.20. JSR Corporation
- 15.3.21. Praj Industries Ltd
- 15.3.22. thyssenkrupp Uhde GmbH
- 15.3.23. Tereos
- 15.3.24. Emirates Biotech LLC
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