Bentonite Market by Product Type (Calcium Bentonite, Magnesium Bentonite, Potassium Bentonite), Form (Granules, Powder), Functionality, Application, Distribution Channel - Global Forecast 2025-2032
Description
The Bentonite Market was valued at USD 1.82 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow to USD 1.91 billion in 2025, with a CAGR of 5.42%, reaching USD 2.78 billion by 2032.
A Concise Overview of Bentonite Material Properties, End-Use Diversity, Processing Priorities, and Emerging Industry Expectations
Bentonite, a naturally occurring clay with diverse mineralogy and performance attributes, sits at the intersection of industrial utility and growing sustainability demand. Its unique physicochemical properties-swelling capacity, cation exchange capability, and rheological control-make it indispensable across sectors ranging from drilling fluids and foundry operations to cosmetics, environmental remediation, and agriculture. The industry’s evolution is driven by both technical innovation and shifting regulatory and supply chain considerations, with stakeholders seeking materials that deliver consistent quality while meeting increasingly stringent environmental and safety requirements.
Recent developments have elevated the importance of feedstock traceability and processing transparency, prompting producers and end users to prioritize material characterization and certification. As a result, product differentiation is no longer limited to basic mineral classification; instead, it encompasses tailored functionalities for specific end uses, such as optimized absorbency for cat litter additives or tuned viscosity control for drilling applications. Going forward, cross-functional collaboration among R&D, procurement, and regulatory teams will be essential to translate raw-bentonite attributes into reliable, high-performing solutions for complex, regulated markets.
How Technology, Sustainability Focus, and Supply Chain Transparency Are Rapidly Reconfiguring the Global Bentonite Supply and Demand Environment
Over the past several years, the bentonite landscape has been reshaped by a series of transformative shifts that encompass technology adoption, supply chain reorientation, and heightened regulatory scrutiny. Advancements in processing techniques have enabled producers to engineer more consistent particle sizes and surface chemistries, thereby expanding the clay’s applicability in precision formulations such as pharmaceutical excipients and specialty coatings. At the same time, digital procurement and analytics tools are changing how buyers evaluate suppliers, placing a premium on traceable quality metrics and batch-level performance data.
Concurrently, sustainability considerations are prompting companies to reassess sourcing strategies and lifecycle impacts. This has accelerated interest in lower-energy processing routes and more efficient logistics that reduce carbon intensity. Moreover, customers are increasingly looking for multipurpose materials that can satisfy several functional requirements simultaneously, which is driving innovation in blended solutions and surface-modified bentonites. As these dynamics intersect, the competitive landscape favors agile manufacturers and cross-disciplinary service providers that can deliver certified, application-ready products with transparent environmental and technical documentation.
Assessing the Structural Consequences of Recent Tariff Adjustments on Procurement Strategies, Supplier Diversification, and Operational Resilience in Bentonite-Using Industries
Tariff policy developments in recent years have introduced new layers of complexity for import-dependent industries that utilize bentonite in key applications. Tariffs can affect the relative competitiveness of regional suppliers and incentivize buyers to explore alternative sourcing routes, localized processing, or strategic stockpiling. In jurisdictions where duties and trade barriers have been adjusted, downstream manufacturers have had to evaluate total landed cost implications alongside quality and reliability considerations, and to adapt purchasing frameworks accordingly.
The cumulative effect of tariff adjustments is not only fiscal but structural: companies reassess supplier diversification and may accelerate investments in domestic beneficiation or blending facilities to mitigate exposure. For sectors with thin margins and tight regulatory standards, such as pharmaceuticals and certain food-related applications, shifts in import duty regimes can prompt near-term procurement disruptions as qualification and validation timelines are extended. Consequently, risk management practices have evolved to include scenario-driven supply mapping, increased emphasis on multi-source supplier qualification, and close coordination between commercial and technical teams to ensure continuity of supply while preserving product specifications and compliance profiles.
Integrated Segmentation Insights Demonstrating How Product Type, Physical Form, Functional Role, Application Spectrum, and Distribution Channels Drive Procurement and Product Strategy
A nuanced segmentation approach reveals how product type, form, functionality, application, and distribution channel jointly shape demand patterns and value propositions. Product differentiation across calcium bentonite, magnesium bentonite, potassium bentonite, and sodium bentonite introduces discrete performance trade-offs that directly influence selection criteria for end users; for instance, sodium bentonite’s swelling properties are prioritized in sealing and civil engineering contexts while calcium variants frequently serve adsorbent and binding roles. Form factors such as granules and powder affect handling, dust control, and blend uniformity, leading formulators to specify the optimal physical presentation based on production line constraints and product stability requirements.
Functionality segmentation-absorbent, binding agent, purification, sealant, and viscosity control-frames product development and technical service offerings, as manufacturers must align processing routes and surface treatments to meet specific performance benchmarks. Application segmentation spans animal feed, cat litter additives, civil engineering and construction, cosmetics and personal care, drilling fluids, environmental remediation, fertilizers, food additives, foundry operations, paints and coatings, pet litter, and pharmaceuticals, each with distinct purity, consistency, and regulatory prerequisites. Finally, the distribution channel split between offline and online demands different packaging, documentation, and logistics strategies, while also shaping customer engagement models and after-sales technical support requirements.
Regional Dynamics and Supply Chain Imperatives That Define Sourcing, Compliance, and End-User Preferences Across the Americas, Europe Middle East & Africa, and Asia-Pacific
Regional dynamics exert a powerful influence on supply chains, regulatory alignment, and end-user preferences across the industry’s principal geographies. In the Americas, sourcing flexibility and proximity to major industrial customers support integrated supply models that prioritize logistic efficiency and technical service support for sectors such as foundry, drilling, and agriculture. Meanwhile, regulatory frameworks and environmental compliance priorities in Europe, Middle East & Africa shape product specifications and create demand for certified materials tailored to stringent safety and sustainability standards. These jurisdictional differences often require suppliers to adapt processing and documentation workflows to facilitate cross-border trade and meet localized compliance checks.
Asia-Pacific remains a hub of both raw material production and rapidly expanding end-use demand, driven by construction activity, manufacturing growth, and a rising middle-class consumer base that fuels personal care and food applications. Across these regions, buyers weigh factors such as lead time, material traceability, and the availability of technical support networks when selecting partners. Consequently, successful commercial strategies typically blend regional manufacturing footprints with flexible logistics solutions and domain-specific services that address the distinct needs of each geography’s regulatory and end-use landscape.
How Leading Companies Are Differentiating Through Technical Services, Vertical Integration, and Sustainable Processing to Meet Stringent Industry and Customer Requirements
Company-level dynamics center on technical differentiation, service offerings, and integrated supply solutions that address end-users’ performance and compliance needs. Leading participants have invested in analytical capabilities and application laboratories to support custom formulations and to validate product performance for regulated industries. Strategic moves have included vertical integration of beneficiation and drying processes to ensure consistent quality, as well as partnerships with logistics providers and certification bodies to streamline trade and reduce time-to-qualification for customers in sensitive sectors.
Moreover, several firms are focusing on value-added services such as technical training, on-site troubleshooting, and co-development projects that help embed their materials into customers’ processes. Innovation pathways include surface modification, micronization, and hybrid material blends designed to deliver multitasking functionality. These initiatives often accompany investments in environmental management systems and process optimization that decrease waste and energy consumption, thereby responding to both regulatory pressures and customer expectations for sustainable sourcing and traceability.
Actionable Strategic Priorities for Manufacturers and Buyers to Enhance Product Differentiation, Supply Resilience, Sustainability, and Customer Value Delivery
Industry leaders should prioritize a coordinated approach that aligns product innovation, supply chain resilience, and customer-centric technical service. First, investing in advanced characterization and quality control protocols will facilitate consistent performance across diverse applications and support faster qualification cycles for regulated customers. Second, diversifying processing capabilities to include surface modification, micronization, and controlled drying can expand addressable applications while reducing reliance on external finishing providers. These measures should be complemented by strategic supplier qualification frameworks and contingency stocking models to mitigate sourcing risks associated with trade policy shifts and logistical disruptions.
Third, companies must deepen their sustainability commitments by optimizing energy usage in processing, adopting circular packaging solutions, and pursuing credible third-party certifications that resonate with procurement teams and end consumers. Fourth, enhancing digital engagement through data-rich product dossiers, application case studies, and virtual technical support will strengthen customer relationships and expedite product adoption. Finally, cross-functional collaboration between R&D, regulatory, and commercial teams will ensure that technical innovations are market-ready and aligned with evolving compliance expectations, thereby accelerating commercial uptake and long-term competitiveness.
A Rigorous and Transparent Methodological Framework Combining Primary Technical Interviews, Literature Review, and Comparative Analysis to Validate Application-Level Performance Claims
The research methodology underpinning this report integrates primary interviews, technical literature review, and triangulated secondary sources to ensure a robust and verifiable analytical framework. Primary data collection involved structured conversations with material scientists, procurement leads, and application engineers to capture real-world performance requirements and qualification pathways. These qualitative inputs were cross-checked against laboratory characterization studies and standards documentation to validate functional claims and to identify repeatable testing protocols relevant to diverse end uses.
Secondary analysis encompassed peer-reviewed publications, regulatory guidance, and industry white papers to provide context on processing technologies, environmental considerations, and sector-specific compliance obligations. Synthesizing these inputs, the methodology applies comparative analysis to map material attributes to application-specific performance metrics, while scenario analysis explores how policy shifts and supply chain events could influence sourcing strategies. Throughout, data integrity was maintained by prioritizing primary confirmation of technical assertions and by documenting assumptions that support the interpretive framework used in the report.
Concluding Perspectives on Bentonite’s Expanding Functional Importance, Supply Chain Complexities, and Strategic Imperatives for Sustained Competitive Advantage
Bentonite’s role across industrial and consumer sectors continues to expand as formulation demands and regulatory expectations become more exacting. The material’s versatility-manifested through varying mineral compositions, controlled physical forms, and engineered surface functionalities-positions it as a strategic input for companies seeking reliable, multifunctional ingredients. At the same time, evolving trade policies, heightened sustainability requirements, and the need for more sophisticated technical support are reshaping how market participants source, qualify, and integrate bentonite into value chains.
Looking ahead, enterprises that combine technical rigor with agile supply strategies will be best placed to capitalize on application-driven demand. Investing in analytical capabilities, diversified processing, and customer-focused technical services will not only mitigate near-term operational risks but also unlock longer-term opportunities in higher-value markets such as pharmaceuticals, advanced coatings, and specialized personal care products. Ultimately, the ability to demonstrate consistent material performance, transparent provenance, and environmental stewardship will be the differentiator that determines competitive success.
Please Note: PDF & Excel + Online Access - 1 Year
A Concise Overview of Bentonite Material Properties, End-Use Diversity, Processing Priorities, and Emerging Industry Expectations
Bentonite, a naturally occurring clay with diverse mineralogy and performance attributes, sits at the intersection of industrial utility and growing sustainability demand. Its unique physicochemical properties-swelling capacity, cation exchange capability, and rheological control-make it indispensable across sectors ranging from drilling fluids and foundry operations to cosmetics, environmental remediation, and agriculture. The industry’s evolution is driven by both technical innovation and shifting regulatory and supply chain considerations, with stakeholders seeking materials that deliver consistent quality while meeting increasingly stringent environmental and safety requirements.
Recent developments have elevated the importance of feedstock traceability and processing transparency, prompting producers and end users to prioritize material characterization and certification. As a result, product differentiation is no longer limited to basic mineral classification; instead, it encompasses tailored functionalities for specific end uses, such as optimized absorbency for cat litter additives or tuned viscosity control for drilling applications. Going forward, cross-functional collaboration among R&D, procurement, and regulatory teams will be essential to translate raw-bentonite attributes into reliable, high-performing solutions for complex, regulated markets.
How Technology, Sustainability Focus, and Supply Chain Transparency Are Rapidly Reconfiguring the Global Bentonite Supply and Demand Environment
Over the past several years, the bentonite landscape has been reshaped by a series of transformative shifts that encompass technology adoption, supply chain reorientation, and heightened regulatory scrutiny. Advancements in processing techniques have enabled producers to engineer more consistent particle sizes and surface chemistries, thereby expanding the clay’s applicability in precision formulations such as pharmaceutical excipients and specialty coatings. At the same time, digital procurement and analytics tools are changing how buyers evaluate suppliers, placing a premium on traceable quality metrics and batch-level performance data.
Concurrently, sustainability considerations are prompting companies to reassess sourcing strategies and lifecycle impacts. This has accelerated interest in lower-energy processing routes and more efficient logistics that reduce carbon intensity. Moreover, customers are increasingly looking for multipurpose materials that can satisfy several functional requirements simultaneously, which is driving innovation in blended solutions and surface-modified bentonites. As these dynamics intersect, the competitive landscape favors agile manufacturers and cross-disciplinary service providers that can deliver certified, application-ready products with transparent environmental and technical documentation.
Assessing the Structural Consequences of Recent Tariff Adjustments on Procurement Strategies, Supplier Diversification, and Operational Resilience in Bentonite-Using Industries
Tariff policy developments in recent years have introduced new layers of complexity for import-dependent industries that utilize bentonite in key applications. Tariffs can affect the relative competitiveness of regional suppliers and incentivize buyers to explore alternative sourcing routes, localized processing, or strategic stockpiling. In jurisdictions where duties and trade barriers have been adjusted, downstream manufacturers have had to evaluate total landed cost implications alongside quality and reliability considerations, and to adapt purchasing frameworks accordingly.
The cumulative effect of tariff adjustments is not only fiscal but structural: companies reassess supplier diversification and may accelerate investments in domestic beneficiation or blending facilities to mitigate exposure. For sectors with thin margins and tight regulatory standards, such as pharmaceuticals and certain food-related applications, shifts in import duty regimes can prompt near-term procurement disruptions as qualification and validation timelines are extended. Consequently, risk management practices have evolved to include scenario-driven supply mapping, increased emphasis on multi-source supplier qualification, and close coordination between commercial and technical teams to ensure continuity of supply while preserving product specifications and compliance profiles.
Integrated Segmentation Insights Demonstrating How Product Type, Physical Form, Functional Role, Application Spectrum, and Distribution Channels Drive Procurement and Product Strategy
A nuanced segmentation approach reveals how product type, form, functionality, application, and distribution channel jointly shape demand patterns and value propositions. Product differentiation across calcium bentonite, magnesium bentonite, potassium bentonite, and sodium bentonite introduces discrete performance trade-offs that directly influence selection criteria for end users; for instance, sodium bentonite’s swelling properties are prioritized in sealing and civil engineering contexts while calcium variants frequently serve adsorbent and binding roles. Form factors such as granules and powder affect handling, dust control, and blend uniformity, leading formulators to specify the optimal physical presentation based on production line constraints and product stability requirements.
Functionality segmentation-absorbent, binding agent, purification, sealant, and viscosity control-frames product development and technical service offerings, as manufacturers must align processing routes and surface treatments to meet specific performance benchmarks. Application segmentation spans animal feed, cat litter additives, civil engineering and construction, cosmetics and personal care, drilling fluids, environmental remediation, fertilizers, food additives, foundry operations, paints and coatings, pet litter, and pharmaceuticals, each with distinct purity, consistency, and regulatory prerequisites. Finally, the distribution channel split between offline and online demands different packaging, documentation, and logistics strategies, while also shaping customer engagement models and after-sales technical support requirements.
Regional Dynamics and Supply Chain Imperatives That Define Sourcing, Compliance, and End-User Preferences Across the Americas, Europe Middle East & Africa, and Asia-Pacific
Regional dynamics exert a powerful influence on supply chains, regulatory alignment, and end-user preferences across the industry’s principal geographies. In the Americas, sourcing flexibility and proximity to major industrial customers support integrated supply models that prioritize logistic efficiency and technical service support for sectors such as foundry, drilling, and agriculture. Meanwhile, regulatory frameworks and environmental compliance priorities in Europe, Middle East & Africa shape product specifications and create demand for certified materials tailored to stringent safety and sustainability standards. These jurisdictional differences often require suppliers to adapt processing and documentation workflows to facilitate cross-border trade and meet localized compliance checks.
Asia-Pacific remains a hub of both raw material production and rapidly expanding end-use demand, driven by construction activity, manufacturing growth, and a rising middle-class consumer base that fuels personal care and food applications. Across these regions, buyers weigh factors such as lead time, material traceability, and the availability of technical support networks when selecting partners. Consequently, successful commercial strategies typically blend regional manufacturing footprints with flexible logistics solutions and domain-specific services that address the distinct needs of each geography’s regulatory and end-use landscape.
How Leading Companies Are Differentiating Through Technical Services, Vertical Integration, and Sustainable Processing to Meet Stringent Industry and Customer Requirements
Company-level dynamics center on technical differentiation, service offerings, and integrated supply solutions that address end-users’ performance and compliance needs. Leading participants have invested in analytical capabilities and application laboratories to support custom formulations and to validate product performance for regulated industries. Strategic moves have included vertical integration of beneficiation and drying processes to ensure consistent quality, as well as partnerships with logistics providers and certification bodies to streamline trade and reduce time-to-qualification for customers in sensitive sectors.
Moreover, several firms are focusing on value-added services such as technical training, on-site troubleshooting, and co-development projects that help embed their materials into customers’ processes. Innovation pathways include surface modification, micronization, and hybrid material blends designed to deliver multitasking functionality. These initiatives often accompany investments in environmental management systems and process optimization that decrease waste and energy consumption, thereby responding to both regulatory pressures and customer expectations for sustainable sourcing and traceability.
Actionable Strategic Priorities for Manufacturers and Buyers to Enhance Product Differentiation, Supply Resilience, Sustainability, and Customer Value Delivery
Industry leaders should prioritize a coordinated approach that aligns product innovation, supply chain resilience, and customer-centric technical service. First, investing in advanced characterization and quality control protocols will facilitate consistent performance across diverse applications and support faster qualification cycles for regulated customers. Second, diversifying processing capabilities to include surface modification, micronization, and controlled drying can expand addressable applications while reducing reliance on external finishing providers. These measures should be complemented by strategic supplier qualification frameworks and contingency stocking models to mitigate sourcing risks associated with trade policy shifts and logistical disruptions.
Third, companies must deepen their sustainability commitments by optimizing energy usage in processing, adopting circular packaging solutions, and pursuing credible third-party certifications that resonate with procurement teams and end consumers. Fourth, enhancing digital engagement through data-rich product dossiers, application case studies, and virtual technical support will strengthen customer relationships and expedite product adoption. Finally, cross-functional collaboration between R&D, regulatory, and commercial teams will ensure that technical innovations are market-ready and aligned with evolving compliance expectations, thereby accelerating commercial uptake and long-term competitiveness.
A Rigorous and Transparent Methodological Framework Combining Primary Technical Interviews, Literature Review, and Comparative Analysis to Validate Application-Level Performance Claims
The research methodology underpinning this report integrates primary interviews, technical literature review, and triangulated secondary sources to ensure a robust and verifiable analytical framework. Primary data collection involved structured conversations with material scientists, procurement leads, and application engineers to capture real-world performance requirements and qualification pathways. These qualitative inputs were cross-checked against laboratory characterization studies and standards documentation to validate functional claims and to identify repeatable testing protocols relevant to diverse end uses.
Secondary analysis encompassed peer-reviewed publications, regulatory guidance, and industry white papers to provide context on processing technologies, environmental considerations, and sector-specific compliance obligations. Synthesizing these inputs, the methodology applies comparative analysis to map material attributes to application-specific performance metrics, while scenario analysis explores how policy shifts and supply chain events could influence sourcing strategies. Throughout, data integrity was maintained by prioritizing primary confirmation of technical assertions and by documenting assumptions that support the interpretive framework used in the report.
Concluding Perspectives on Bentonite’s Expanding Functional Importance, Supply Chain Complexities, and Strategic Imperatives for Sustained Competitive Advantage
Bentonite’s role across industrial and consumer sectors continues to expand as formulation demands and regulatory expectations become more exacting. The material’s versatility-manifested through varying mineral compositions, controlled physical forms, and engineered surface functionalities-positions it as a strategic input for companies seeking reliable, multifunctional ingredients. At the same time, evolving trade policies, heightened sustainability requirements, and the need for more sophisticated technical support are reshaping how market participants source, qualify, and integrate bentonite into value chains.
Looking ahead, enterprises that combine technical rigor with agile supply strategies will be best placed to capitalize on application-driven demand. Investing in analytical capabilities, diversified processing, and customer-focused technical services will not only mitigate near-term operational risks but also unlock longer-term opportunities in higher-value markets such as pharmaceuticals, advanced coatings, and specialized personal care products. Ultimately, the ability to demonstrate consistent material performance, transparent provenance, and environmental stewardship will be the differentiator that determines competitive success.
Please Note: PDF & Excel + Online Access - 1 Year
Table of Contents
184 Pages
- 1. Preface
- 1.1. Objectives of the Study
- 1.2. Market Segmentation & Coverage
- 1.3. Years Considered for the Study
- 1.4. Currency
- 1.5. Language
- 1.6. Stakeholders
- 2. Research Methodology
- 3. Executive Summary
- 4. Market Overview
- 5. Market Insights
- 5.1. Expansion of green drilling technologies boosting demand for eco-friendly bentonite grades in energy sector
- 5.2. Growth in water purification applications driving development of specialty bentonite filtration products
- 5.3. Rising adoption of nano-modified bentonite composites for enhanced industrial sealing solutions
- 5.4. Increased utilization of bentonite in pharmaceutical formulations for controlled drug release systems
- 5.5. Surge in demand for cat litter with odor control enhancing bentonite production and processing capacities
- 5.6. Development of high-purity food-grade bentonite for beverage clarification and wine stabilization
- 5.7. Integration of bentonite-based geosynthetic clay liners in large-scale landfill and mining containment projects
- 5.8. Advancement in modified bentonite catalysts for environmentally sustainable petrochemical processing
- 6. Cumulative Impact of United States Tariffs 2025
- 7. Cumulative Impact of Artificial Intelligence 2025
- 8. Bentonite Market, by Product Type
- 8.1. Calcium Bentonite
- 8.2. Magnesium Bentonite
- 8.3. Potassium Bentonite
- 8.4. Sodium Bentonite
- 9. Bentonite Market, by Form
- 9.1. Granules
- 9.2. Powder
- 10. Bentonite Market, by Functionality
- 10.1. Absorbent
- 10.2. Binding Agent
- 10.3. Purification
- 10.4. Sealant
- 10.5. Viscosity Control
- 11. Bentonite Market, by Application
- 11.1. Animal Feed
- 11.2. Cat Litter Additives
- 11.3. Civil Engineering & Construction
- 11.4. Cosmetics & Personal Care
- 11.5. Drilling Fluids
- 11.6. Environmental
- 11.7. Fertilizers
- 11.8. Food Additives
- 11.9. Foundry
- 11.10. Paints & Coatings
- 11.11. Pet Litter
- 11.12. Pharmaceuticals
- 12. Bentonite Market, by Distribution Channel
- 12.1. Offline
- 12.2. Online
- 13. Bentonite Market, by Region
- 13.1. Americas
- 13.1.1. North America
- 13.1.2. Latin America
- 13.2. Europe, Middle East & Africa
- 13.2.1. Europe
- 13.2.2. Middle East
- 13.2.3. Africa
- 13.3. Asia-Pacific
- 14. Bentonite Market, by Group
- 14.1. ASEAN
- 14.2. GCC
- 14.3. European Union
- 14.4. BRICS
- 14.5. G7
- 14.6. NATO
- 15. Bentonite Market, by Country
- 15.1. United States
- 15.2. Canada
- 15.3. Mexico
- 15.4. Brazil
- 15.5. United Kingdom
- 15.6. Germany
- 15.7. France
- 15.8. Russia
- 15.9. Italy
- 15.10. Spain
- 15.11. China
- 15.12. India
- 15.13. Japan
- 15.14. Australia
- 15.15. South Korea
- 16. Competitive Landscape
- 16.1. Market Share Analysis, 2024
- 16.2. FPNV Positioning Matrix, 2024
- 16.3. Competitive Analysis
- 16.3.1. Black Hills Bentonite LLC
- 16.3.2. Charles B. Chrystal Co. Inc.
- 16.3.3. Cimbar Performance Minerals, Inc.
- 16.3.4. Clariant AG
- 16.3.5. Delta Corp Sdn Bhd.
- 16.3.6. Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
- 16.3.7. Kemira Oyj
- 16.3.8. Maxworth International Pty. Ltd.
- 16.3.9. MIDPOINT Chemicals Company
- 16.3.10. Minerals Technologies Inc.
- 16.3.11. Schlumberger Limited
- 16.3.12. Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.
- 16.3.13. Volclay Japan Co., Ltd.
- 16.3.14. Wyo-Ben, Inc.
- 16.3.15. Dimacolor Industry Group Co., Ltd
- 16.3.16. Kunimine Industries Co., Ltd
- 16.3.17. Imerys S.A.
- 16.3.18. Laviosa Chimica Mineraria S.p.A.
- 16.3.19. Dantonit A/S
- 16.3.20. Elementis PLC
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