Automotive Thermal System Market by Product (Condenser, Evaporator, Heater Core), Propulsion Type (Electric Vehicle, Hybrid, Internal Combustion Engine), Vehicle Type, Sales Channel - Global Forecast 2025-2032
Description
The Automotive Thermal System Market was valued at USD 27.15 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow to USD 28.66 billion in 2025, with a CAGR of 6.41%, reaching USD 44.64 billion by 2032.
A compelling overview of how propulsion shifts, environmental rules, and customer expectations are reshaping thermal component innovation and supplier strategies
The automotive thermal systems landscape is entering a period of intensified innovation and strategic reorientation driven by shifting propulsion architectures, stringent environmental regulation, and a rising emphasis on passenger comfort and energy efficiency. Thermal components, historically optimized around internal combustion engine cooling and cabin climate control, now sit at the intersection of electrification imperatives and broader vehicle-level thermal management strategies. As a result, stakeholders must reassess product portfolios, engineering priorities, and supplier relationships to remain relevant.
This introduction synthesizes the essential technical, commercial, and policy drivers that define near-term priorities for component manufacturers, vehicle OEMs, and aftermarket providers. It contextualizes how advancements in heat pumps, refrigerant selection, compact radiators, and integrated HVAC modules are responding to both performance targets and lifecycle environmental objectives. By framing the current moment as a transition rather than a disruption, this section establishes the foundation for the deeper analyses that follow, orienting readers to the strategic choices that will determine competitiveness over the next several product cycles.
How electrification, refrigerant transitions, and integrated system thinking are driving fundamental reconfiguration of thermal system design and supplier collaboration models
The past several years have catalyzed transformative shifts across design philosophy, supply chain architecture, and regulatory compliance in automotive thermal systems. Electrification has redefined thermal requirements, with battery thermal management becoming paramount to range, safety, and lifecycle cost. Concurrently, advances in HVAC design-such as compact heat pump implementations and enhanced evaporator and condenser integration-are delivering higher efficiency and improved cabin comfort in low-temperature conditions. Suppliers are increasingly bundling functions into integrated thermal modules to reduce system complexity and improve manufacturability.
At the same time, regulatory pathways are accelerating refrigerant transitions and life-cycle impact assessments, compelling manufacturers to explore low-global-warming-potential refrigerants and non-HFC alternatives. Supply chains are also evolving, with strategic reshoring and diversification efforts intended to mitigate tariff exposure and logistics disruption. These shifts are prompting new partnerships between traditional component suppliers, thermal management specialists, and software firms focused on predictive thermal controls, creating cross-disciplinary ecosystems that prioritize systems-level optimization over single-component performance.
The aggregate effects of import measures on sourcing behavior, domestic capacity planning, and supply chain resilience across thermal system procurement and manufacturing
The cumulative tariff measures introduced by the United States through 2025 are exerting material pressure across the automotive thermal systems value chain, particularly where supply bases remain concentrated in regions subject to trade friction. Tariffs increase landed costs for critical components such as condensers, evaporators, radiators, and certain HVAC subassemblies, thereby influencing supplier selection, sourcing strategies, and the viability of aftermarket supply channels. In response, OEMs and tier suppliers are recalibrating contracts, expanding near-market manufacturing, and reassessing inventory strategies to preserve production continuity and margin profiles.
Beyond direct cost impacts, tariffs are influencing longer-term decisions around localization, vertical integration, and supplier consolidation. Manufacturers with significant overseas procurement footprints are evaluating dual-sourcing and increased domestic capacity to insulate programs from tariff volatility. The policy environment has also encouraged closer collaboration between procurement and engineering teams to redesign parts for modular assembly or alternative material use that reduce import dependency. Collectively, these responses are reshaping supplier ecosystems and accelerating strategic moves that prioritize resilience and total cost-of-ownership over short-term cost arbitrage.
How product, propulsion, vehicle class, and distribution segmentation create discrete engineering priorities and commercial strategies across the thermal systems ecosystem
Insight into segmentation illuminates how product, propulsion type, vehicle class, and sales channel each exert distinct pressures on product development and go-to-market strategies. Examining product-level segmentation, key component categories such as condenser, evaporator, heater core, HVAC, and radiator exhibit different innovation drivers; HVAC subsystems, for example, are further differentiated across automatic climate control, integrated climate control systems, and manual climate control, with automatic and integrated solutions becoming focal points for energy optimization and software-enabled functionality. This product-level differentiation directly affects supplier capabilities and the capital intensity of manufacturing lines.
When viewed through the lens of propulsion type, the emergence of electric vehicles, which include battery electric and fuel cell electric variants, and hybrids alongside traditional internal combustion engine platforms, where diesel and gasoline engines persist, reorients priorities around battery thermal management, compact heat exchangers, and auxiliary heating strategies. Vehicle type segmentation reveals divergent requirements between commercial vehicles and passenger cars; commercial vehicle categories spanning buses, heavy commercial vehicles, and light commercial vehicles demand robustness and serviceability, while passenger vehicle subsegments such as hatchbacks, sedans, and SUVs emphasize packaging, weight, and NVH. Finally, sales channel segmentation delineates between aftermarket and original equipment manufacturer distribution paths, each with unique lead times, warranty regimes, and demand predictability that influence product specifications and service networks.
A clear-eyed appraisal of how regional regulatory priorities, manufacturing scale, and electrification trajectories are reshaping thermal system investment and sourcing decisions
Regional dynamics are instrumental in shaping technology adoption, supply chain organization, and regulatory compliance strategies for thermal system stakeholders. In the Americas, market participants benefit from proximity to large OEM operations and growing interest in domestic supply chain resilience; this environment favors investments in localized production, aftermarket service networks, and collaboration with fleet operators that demand robust thermal management solutions. Regulatory and consumer emphasis on emissions and efficiency in the region encourages adoption of advanced HVAC controls and electrified heating solutions.
Europe, Middle East & Africa presents a heterogeneous landscape where stringent refrigerant regulations and ambitious decarbonization goals are accelerating the transition to low-global-warming-potential refrigerants and heat pump technologies. The region’s strong engineering base and dense supplier ecosystem facilitate rapid iteration on compact, lightweight heat exchangers and integrated HVAC modules. Asia-Pacific continues to be a pivotal manufacturing hub and innovation center, combining scale manufacturing capabilities with aggressive electrification programs in several markets. Supply chain concentration in parts of Asia-Pacific also requires strategic risk management as companies balance cost, capacity, and geopolitical considerations.
An assessment of competitive strengths and strategic moves among incumbent and specialist firms that are defining product leadership and supply chain advantage in thermal systems
Competitive dynamics among leading companies in the thermal systems domain are driven by the ability to combine deep thermal engineering expertise with scalable manufacturing and systems integration capabilities. Established component manufacturers are leveraging legacy relationships with OEMs to expand into integrated HVAC modules and to co-develop solutions that meet evolving HVAC and battery thermal requirements. Newer entrants and specialist firms are differentiating through focused innovations in heat pump architectures, refrigerant-safe materials, and advanced thermal interface materials that improve overall system efficiency.
Strategic partnerships, mergers, and targeted investments characterize the current landscape as firms seek to secure technology roadmaps and manufacturing capacity that align with electrification timelines. Companies with robust software controls for predictive thermal management are gaining traction as vehicles require smarter, more connected subsystems. Meanwhile, firms that can demonstrate compliance-ready manufacturing for next-generation refrigerants and that offer retrofit-friendly aftermarket products are achieving expanded relevance across both OEM and aftermarket channels. The competitive advantage increasingly accrues to organizations that pair product innovation with supply chain agility and close OEM collaboration.
Practical strategic actions for manufacturers and suppliers to strengthen resilience, accelerate thermal innovation, and align procurement with systems-level objectives
Industry leaders should adopt a set of actionable responses that prioritize resilience, innovation velocity, and cross-functional alignment. First, embedding thermal systems thinking early in vehicle architecture reviews will ensure that battery thermal management, HVAC efficiency, and cooling strategies are optimized holistically rather than as isolated components. This requires stronger integration between systems engineering, control software teams, and procurement to align performance targets with manufacturability and total cost considerations.
Second, diversify sourcing strategies by combining near-market capacity with qualified global partners and by redesigning components for modularity and alternative materials that reduce import sensitivity. Third, accelerate adoption of low-global-warming-potential refrigerants and invest in validation capabilities to reduce regulatory risk and time-to-compliance. Fourth, cultivate partnerships with software and sensor companies to deliver predictive thermal control solutions that enhance system efficiency and occupant comfort. Finally, enhance aftermarket engagement through serviceable designs and robust documentation to capture lifetime revenues and maintain brand reputation across vehicle ownership cycles.
A transparent and rigorous description of research inputs, expert consultations, and analytical frameworks used to derive insights into thermal system technology and supply dynamics
This research synthesizes primary and secondary sources to deliver a rigorous assessment of the automotive thermal systems domain. Primary inputs include structured interviews with engineering leads at OEMs and tier suppliers, consultations with regulatory and standards specialists, and discussions with aftermarket distributors and fleet operators. These conversations provided qualitative insights into design priorities, sourcing constraints, and operational implications of regulatory shifts. Secondary sources encompassed technical papers, patent filings, supplier catalogs, and trade literature to map technology trajectories and competitive positioning.
Analytical frameworks applied include systems-level thermal performance assessment, supply chain risk mapping, and scenario-based impact analysis focused on tariff and regulatory permutations. Cross-validation between primary and secondary findings ensured robustness of conclusions and highlighted areas where further empirical validation could benefit specific procurement or engineering strategies. The methodology prioritizes transparency in assumptions and traceability of insights to support actionable decision-making by engineering, procurement, and commercial teams.
A concise synthesis emphasizing systemic transformation, strategic priorities, and the imperative for cross-functional execution in thermal system development
In sum, the automotive thermal system arena is evolving from component-centric design to systems-driven engineering in response to electrification, regulatory pressure, and shifting customer expectations. This transition necessitates that suppliers and OEMs reallocate investment toward integrated HVAC solutions, battery thermal management, and refrigerant-compliant manufacturing. At the same time, tariff dynamics and supply chain risk are accelerating localization and supplier diversification strategies that prioritize resilience over short-term cost savings.
Moving forward, success will favor organizations that combine engineering excellence with agile sourcing and digital enablement. Companies that embed predictive thermal controls, invest in heat pump and compact heat exchanger technologies, and align their product roadmaps with regional regulatory trajectories will be best positioned to capture opportunities. The path ahead is one of coordinated transformation that rewards strategic clarity, cross-functional collaboration, and disciplined execution across product development, procurement, and aftermarket operations.
Please Note: PDF & Excel + Online Access - 1 Year
A compelling overview of how propulsion shifts, environmental rules, and customer expectations are reshaping thermal component innovation and supplier strategies
The automotive thermal systems landscape is entering a period of intensified innovation and strategic reorientation driven by shifting propulsion architectures, stringent environmental regulation, and a rising emphasis on passenger comfort and energy efficiency. Thermal components, historically optimized around internal combustion engine cooling and cabin climate control, now sit at the intersection of electrification imperatives and broader vehicle-level thermal management strategies. As a result, stakeholders must reassess product portfolios, engineering priorities, and supplier relationships to remain relevant.
This introduction synthesizes the essential technical, commercial, and policy drivers that define near-term priorities for component manufacturers, vehicle OEMs, and aftermarket providers. It contextualizes how advancements in heat pumps, refrigerant selection, compact radiators, and integrated HVAC modules are responding to both performance targets and lifecycle environmental objectives. By framing the current moment as a transition rather than a disruption, this section establishes the foundation for the deeper analyses that follow, orienting readers to the strategic choices that will determine competitiveness over the next several product cycles.
How electrification, refrigerant transitions, and integrated system thinking are driving fundamental reconfiguration of thermal system design and supplier collaboration models
The past several years have catalyzed transformative shifts across design philosophy, supply chain architecture, and regulatory compliance in automotive thermal systems. Electrification has redefined thermal requirements, with battery thermal management becoming paramount to range, safety, and lifecycle cost. Concurrently, advances in HVAC design-such as compact heat pump implementations and enhanced evaporator and condenser integration-are delivering higher efficiency and improved cabin comfort in low-temperature conditions. Suppliers are increasingly bundling functions into integrated thermal modules to reduce system complexity and improve manufacturability.
At the same time, regulatory pathways are accelerating refrigerant transitions and life-cycle impact assessments, compelling manufacturers to explore low-global-warming-potential refrigerants and non-HFC alternatives. Supply chains are also evolving, with strategic reshoring and diversification efforts intended to mitigate tariff exposure and logistics disruption. These shifts are prompting new partnerships between traditional component suppliers, thermal management specialists, and software firms focused on predictive thermal controls, creating cross-disciplinary ecosystems that prioritize systems-level optimization over single-component performance.
The aggregate effects of import measures on sourcing behavior, domestic capacity planning, and supply chain resilience across thermal system procurement and manufacturing
The cumulative tariff measures introduced by the United States through 2025 are exerting material pressure across the automotive thermal systems value chain, particularly where supply bases remain concentrated in regions subject to trade friction. Tariffs increase landed costs for critical components such as condensers, evaporators, radiators, and certain HVAC subassemblies, thereby influencing supplier selection, sourcing strategies, and the viability of aftermarket supply channels. In response, OEMs and tier suppliers are recalibrating contracts, expanding near-market manufacturing, and reassessing inventory strategies to preserve production continuity and margin profiles.
Beyond direct cost impacts, tariffs are influencing longer-term decisions around localization, vertical integration, and supplier consolidation. Manufacturers with significant overseas procurement footprints are evaluating dual-sourcing and increased domestic capacity to insulate programs from tariff volatility. The policy environment has also encouraged closer collaboration between procurement and engineering teams to redesign parts for modular assembly or alternative material use that reduce import dependency. Collectively, these responses are reshaping supplier ecosystems and accelerating strategic moves that prioritize resilience and total cost-of-ownership over short-term cost arbitrage.
How product, propulsion, vehicle class, and distribution segmentation create discrete engineering priorities and commercial strategies across the thermal systems ecosystem
Insight into segmentation illuminates how product, propulsion type, vehicle class, and sales channel each exert distinct pressures on product development and go-to-market strategies. Examining product-level segmentation, key component categories such as condenser, evaporator, heater core, HVAC, and radiator exhibit different innovation drivers; HVAC subsystems, for example, are further differentiated across automatic climate control, integrated climate control systems, and manual climate control, with automatic and integrated solutions becoming focal points for energy optimization and software-enabled functionality. This product-level differentiation directly affects supplier capabilities and the capital intensity of manufacturing lines.
When viewed through the lens of propulsion type, the emergence of electric vehicles, which include battery electric and fuel cell electric variants, and hybrids alongside traditional internal combustion engine platforms, where diesel and gasoline engines persist, reorients priorities around battery thermal management, compact heat exchangers, and auxiliary heating strategies. Vehicle type segmentation reveals divergent requirements between commercial vehicles and passenger cars; commercial vehicle categories spanning buses, heavy commercial vehicles, and light commercial vehicles demand robustness and serviceability, while passenger vehicle subsegments such as hatchbacks, sedans, and SUVs emphasize packaging, weight, and NVH. Finally, sales channel segmentation delineates between aftermarket and original equipment manufacturer distribution paths, each with unique lead times, warranty regimes, and demand predictability that influence product specifications and service networks.
A clear-eyed appraisal of how regional regulatory priorities, manufacturing scale, and electrification trajectories are reshaping thermal system investment and sourcing decisions
Regional dynamics are instrumental in shaping technology adoption, supply chain organization, and regulatory compliance strategies for thermal system stakeholders. In the Americas, market participants benefit from proximity to large OEM operations and growing interest in domestic supply chain resilience; this environment favors investments in localized production, aftermarket service networks, and collaboration with fleet operators that demand robust thermal management solutions. Regulatory and consumer emphasis on emissions and efficiency in the region encourages adoption of advanced HVAC controls and electrified heating solutions.
Europe, Middle East & Africa presents a heterogeneous landscape where stringent refrigerant regulations and ambitious decarbonization goals are accelerating the transition to low-global-warming-potential refrigerants and heat pump technologies. The region’s strong engineering base and dense supplier ecosystem facilitate rapid iteration on compact, lightweight heat exchangers and integrated HVAC modules. Asia-Pacific continues to be a pivotal manufacturing hub and innovation center, combining scale manufacturing capabilities with aggressive electrification programs in several markets. Supply chain concentration in parts of Asia-Pacific also requires strategic risk management as companies balance cost, capacity, and geopolitical considerations.
An assessment of competitive strengths and strategic moves among incumbent and specialist firms that are defining product leadership and supply chain advantage in thermal systems
Competitive dynamics among leading companies in the thermal systems domain are driven by the ability to combine deep thermal engineering expertise with scalable manufacturing and systems integration capabilities. Established component manufacturers are leveraging legacy relationships with OEMs to expand into integrated HVAC modules and to co-develop solutions that meet evolving HVAC and battery thermal requirements. Newer entrants and specialist firms are differentiating through focused innovations in heat pump architectures, refrigerant-safe materials, and advanced thermal interface materials that improve overall system efficiency.
Strategic partnerships, mergers, and targeted investments characterize the current landscape as firms seek to secure technology roadmaps and manufacturing capacity that align with electrification timelines. Companies with robust software controls for predictive thermal management are gaining traction as vehicles require smarter, more connected subsystems. Meanwhile, firms that can demonstrate compliance-ready manufacturing for next-generation refrigerants and that offer retrofit-friendly aftermarket products are achieving expanded relevance across both OEM and aftermarket channels. The competitive advantage increasingly accrues to organizations that pair product innovation with supply chain agility and close OEM collaboration.
Practical strategic actions for manufacturers and suppliers to strengthen resilience, accelerate thermal innovation, and align procurement with systems-level objectives
Industry leaders should adopt a set of actionable responses that prioritize resilience, innovation velocity, and cross-functional alignment. First, embedding thermal systems thinking early in vehicle architecture reviews will ensure that battery thermal management, HVAC efficiency, and cooling strategies are optimized holistically rather than as isolated components. This requires stronger integration between systems engineering, control software teams, and procurement to align performance targets with manufacturability and total cost considerations.
Second, diversify sourcing strategies by combining near-market capacity with qualified global partners and by redesigning components for modularity and alternative materials that reduce import sensitivity. Third, accelerate adoption of low-global-warming-potential refrigerants and invest in validation capabilities to reduce regulatory risk and time-to-compliance. Fourth, cultivate partnerships with software and sensor companies to deliver predictive thermal control solutions that enhance system efficiency and occupant comfort. Finally, enhance aftermarket engagement through serviceable designs and robust documentation to capture lifetime revenues and maintain brand reputation across vehicle ownership cycles.
A transparent and rigorous description of research inputs, expert consultations, and analytical frameworks used to derive insights into thermal system technology and supply dynamics
This research synthesizes primary and secondary sources to deliver a rigorous assessment of the automotive thermal systems domain. Primary inputs include structured interviews with engineering leads at OEMs and tier suppliers, consultations with regulatory and standards specialists, and discussions with aftermarket distributors and fleet operators. These conversations provided qualitative insights into design priorities, sourcing constraints, and operational implications of regulatory shifts. Secondary sources encompassed technical papers, patent filings, supplier catalogs, and trade literature to map technology trajectories and competitive positioning.
Analytical frameworks applied include systems-level thermal performance assessment, supply chain risk mapping, and scenario-based impact analysis focused on tariff and regulatory permutations. Cross-validation between primary and secondary findings ensured robustness of conclusions and highlighted areas where further empirical validation could benefit specific procurement or engineering strategies. The methodology prioritizes transparency in assumptions and traceability of insights to support actionable decision-making by engineering, procurement, and commercial teams.
A concise synthesis emphasizing systemic transformation, strategic priorities, and the imperative for cross-functional execution in thermal system development
In sum, the automotive thermal system arena is evolving from component-centric design to systems-driven engineering in response to electrification, regulatory pressure, and shifting customer expectations. This transition necessitates that suppliers and OEMs reallocate investment toward integrated HVAC solutions, battery thermal management, and refrigerant-compliant manufacturing. At the same time, tariff dynamics and supply chain risk are accelerating localization and supplier diversification strategies that prioritize resilience over short-term cost savings.
Moving forward, success will favor organizations that combine engineering excellence with agile sourcing and digital enablement. Companies that embed predictive thermal controls, invest in heat pump and compact heat exchanger technologies, and align their product roadmaps with regional regulatory trajectories will be best positioned to capture opportunities. The path ahead is one of coordinated transformation that rewards strategic clarity, cross-functional collaboration, and disciplined execution across product development, procurement, and aftermarket operations.
Please Note: PDF & Excel + Online Access - 1 Year
Table of Contents
195 Pages
- 1. Preface
- 1.1. Objectives of the Study
- 1.2. Market Segmentation & Coverage
- 1.3. Years Considered for the Study
- 1.4. Currency
- 1.5. Language
- 1.6. Stakeholders
- 2. Research Methodology
- 3. Executive Summary
- 4. Market Overview
- 5. Market Insights
- 5.1. Integration of heat pump technology to optimize EV battery range and cabin comfort
- 5.2. Adoption of phase change materials within vehicle thermal management for improved energy efficiency
- 5.3. Development of integrated coolant loops combining power electronics and battery cooling for hybrid vehicles
- 5.4. Implementation of waste heat recovery systems to power auxiliary components and reduce fuel consumption
- 5.5. Rise of digital twin simulations enabling predictive maintenance of automotive thermal systems before failure
- 5.6. Shift towards electrified compressors in AC systems to reduce emissions and enhance cabin comfort
- 5.7. Emergence of compact modular heat exchangers designed for space-constrained electric vehicle platforms
- 6. Cumulative Impact of United States Tariffs 2025
- 7. Cumulative Impact of Artificial Intelligence 2025
- 8. Automotive Thermal System Market, by Product
- 8.1. Condenser
- 8.2. Evaporator
- 8.3. Heater Core
- 8.4. HVAC
- 8.4.1. Automatic Climate Control
- 8.4.2. Integrated Climate Control System
- 8.4.3. Manual Climate Control
- 8.5. Radiator
- 9. Automotive Thermal System Market, by Propulsion Type
- 9.1. Electric Vehicle
- 9.1.1. Battery Electric Vehicle
- 9.1.2. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle
- 9.2. Hybrid
- 9.3. Internal Combustion Engine
- 9.3.1. Diesel Engine
- 9.3.2. Gasoline Engine
- 10. Automotive Thermal System Market, by Vehicle Type
- 10.1. Commercial Vehicle
- 10.1.1. Bus
- 10.1.2. Heavy Commercial Vehicle
- 10.1.3. Light Commercial Vehicle
- 10.2. Passenger Vehicle
- 10.2.1. Hatchback
- 10.2.2. Sedan
- 10.2.3. SUV
- 11. Automotive Thermal System Market, by Sales Channel
- 11.1. Aftermarket
- 11.2. OEM
- 12. Automotive Thermal System Market, by Region
- 12.1. Americas
- 12.1.1. North America
- 12.1.2. Latin America
- 12.2. Europe, Middle East & Africa
- 12.2.1. Europe
- 12.2.2. Middle East
- 12.2.3. Africa
- 12.3. Asia-Pacific
- 13. Automotive Thermal System Market, by Group
- 13.1. ASEAN
- 13.2. GCC
- 13.3. European Union
- 13.4. BRICS
- 13.5. G7
- 13.6. NATO
- 14. Automotive Thermal System Market, by Country
- 14.1. United States
- 14.2. Canada
- 14.3. Mexico
- 14.4. Brazil
- 14.5. United Kingdom
- 14.6. Germany
- 14.7. France
- 14.8. Russia
- 14.9. Italy
- 14.10. Spain
- 14.11. China
- 14.12. India
- 14.13. Japan
- 14.14. Australia
- 14.15. South Korea
- 15. Competitive Landscape
- 15.1. Market Share Analysis, 2024
- 15.2. FPNV Positioning Matrix, 2024
- 15.3. Competitive Analysis
- 15.3.1. DENSO Corporation
- 15.3.2. Valeo S.A.
- 15.3.3. Robert Bosch GmbH
- 15.3.4. MAHLE GmbH
- 15.3.5. Marelli Holdings Co., Ltd.
- 15.3.6. Hanon Systems Co., Ltd.
- 15.3.7. Modine Manufacturing Company
- 15.3.8. Sanden Holdings Corporation
- 15.3.9. Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG
- 15.3.10. Subros Limited
- 15.3.11. Dana Limited
- 15.3.12. Visteon Corporation
- 15.3.13. Gentherm Incorporated
- 15.3.14. Kendrion N.V.
- 15.3.15. VOSS Automotive GmbH
- 15.3.16. Keihin Corporation
- 15.3.17. Sanden Holdings Corporation
- 15.3.18. Aisin Seiki Co., Ltd.
- 15.3.19. Eberspächer Group GmbH & Co. KG
- 15.3.20. NORMA Group SE
- 15.3.21. Ymer Technology AB
- 15.3.22. Grayson Thermal Systems Incorporated
- 15.3.23. Lennox International Inc.
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