Absorbable Tissue Spacer Market by Type (Hybrid Spacer, Natural Polymer Spacer, Synthetic Spacer), Material (Polylactic Acid, Polysaccharides, Proteins), Application, End User - Global Forecast 2025-2032
Description
The Absorbable Tissue Spacer Market was valued at USD 233.23 million in 2024 and is projected to grow to USD 252.47 million in 2025, with a CAGR of 8.73%, reaching USD 455.91 million by 2032.
Clear and authoritative introduction to absorbable tissue spacers outlining clinical purpose, material innovation, regulatory context, and strategic implications for stakeholders
Absorbable tissue spacers have emerged as a pivotal adjunct in contemporary surgical and oncologic practice, offering transient anatomical separation to protect adjacent tissues during intervention and adjuvant therapy. The technology encompasses a spectrum of formulations and delivery approaches that are designed to degrade safely after fulfilling their transient protective function, thereby reducing the need for secondary removal procedures and alleviating perioperative burden. Clinicians increasingly view these spacers not just as passive barriers but as engineered solutions that can influence radiation dosing, infection control, and soft tissue healing dynamics.
In parallel, innovation trajectories have broadened from simple polymer matrix implants to multifunctional constructs that can integrate bioresorbable scaffolding, drug elution capacity, and tailored mechanical profiles. Regulatory regulators and institutional review bodies are adapting to the nuances of resorbable biomaterials, balancing device safety with expedited access where clinical need is clear. From a strategic standpoint, stakeholders across clinical, procurement, and R&D functions must align on product selection, evidence generation priorities, and supply chain resilience to ensure that clinical benefits translate into routine practice adoption across diverse care settings.
Transformative forces and technological advances driving adoption of absorbable tissue spacers and reshaping clinical pathways for surgical and oncologic care
The landscape for absorbable tissue spacers is being reshaped by converging clinical imperatives and technological advances that together are accelerating adoption and broadening use cases. Improvements in polymer chemistry and crosslinking have enabled spacers with tunable degradation kinetics, which in turn allow clinicians to match resorption profiles to specific treatment windows, such as radiation therapy schedules or postoperative healing phases. Concurrently, the integration of biologically active components and surface engineering has begun to address infection risk and tissue compatibility concerns that previously limited some applications.
Health systems and payers are also exerting influence by demanding stronger evidence of clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness, prompting manufacturers to design trials that capture patient-centered endpoints and real-world performance. Digital health tools and imaging analytics are enhancing placement precision and outcome monitoring, creating new opportunities for value demonstration. As a result, companies that combine robust clinical development pathways with scalable manufacturing and strong stakeholder engagement are positioned to capture momentum as clinical teams seek solutions that reduce complications and improve therapeutic ratios.
Assessment of how 2025 tariff changes disrupted supply chains for absorbable tissue spacers and how strategic sourcing and manufacturing responses mitigated clinical supply risks
The imposition of tariffs and trade policy adjustments in 2025 introduced an additional layer of complexity to global supply chains for medical devices, including absorbable tissue spacers. Manufacturers and distributors were compelled to reassess sourcing strategies for raw materials such as specialty polymers and biologic components, as well as evaluate alternative logistics routes to mitigate cost and timing impacts. These shifts underscored the sensitivity of advanced biomaterial supply chains to geopolitical and trade fluctuations, prompting a renewed focus on supplier diversification and nearshoring where feasible.
In response, several companies accelerated qualification of secondary suppliers and invested in inventory buffers for critical inputs to preserve continuity of clinical supply. Clinicians and hospital procurement teams reported increased scrutiny of unit economics and delivery reliability, which in some cases influenced product selections and contractual arrangements. Looking ahead, organizations that proactively invest in localized manufacturing capabilities, long-term supply agreements, and transparent cost modeling will be better equipped to sustain consistent clinical availability while maintaining competitiveness in pricing negotiations.
Key segmentation insights explaining how type, material, application, and end-user distinctions determine clinical use cases, evidence needs, and commercialization strategies
Segment-level dynamics reveal differentiated clinical and commercial opportunities that demand tailored strategies across product portfolios. Based on Type, market analysis considers the distinct use paradigms of Hybrid Spacer, Natural Polymer Spacer, and Synthetic Spacer, each offering trade-offs in handling, degradation behavior, and regulatory complexity that influence clinical preference. Based on Material, Polylactic Acid, Polysaccharides, and Proteins present diverse biocompatibility and resorption characteristics that affect implantation techniques, inflammatory profiles, and potential for bioactivity integration. Based on Application, devices are evaluated across General Surgery, Infection Management, Oncology, Orthopedic Procedures, and Radiotherapy, where the clinical objectives and risk tolerances vary substantially and dictate evidence requirements and adoption pathways. Based on End User, differences between Ambulatory Surgery Centers, Hospitals, and Specialty Clinics shape procurement models, reimbursement interactions, and inventory practices, with each setting necessitating distinct commercial approaches and training resources.
Understanding these segmentation lenses is essential for aligning product development with clinical workflows and reimbursement realities. For example, a formulation optimized for radiotherapy workflows must demonstrate predictable dimensional stability and imaging compatibility, whereas spacers intended for infection management may prioritize antimicrobial integration and local elution profiles. Similarly, engagement strategies differ: hospital systems often require institutional procurement approvals and multi-stakeholder clinical evaluations, whereas ambulatory settings favor ease of use and predictable supply. Tailored clinical evidence packages, clear procedural guidance, and adaptable commercial models are therefore critical to accelerate uptake across the segmented landscape.
Regional strategic outlook showing how differences across the Americas, Europe Middle East & Africa, and Asia-Pacific shape clinical adoption, regulatory strategy, and commercialization approaches
Regional dynamics create varied market conditions shaped by regulatory frameworks, healthcare infrastructure maturity, and clinical practice patterns. In the Americas, advanced oncology programs and high-volume surgical centers prioritize spacers that demonstrate clear procedural advantages, imaging compatibility, and robust safety profiles, while payers increasingly scrutinize real-world outcomes and comparative effectiveness to inform coverage decisions. In Europe, Middle East & Africa, heterogeneity in regulatory pathways and reimbursement environments creates both opportunities and barriers; countries with centralized procurement and strong health technology assessment processes may reward evidence-backed innovations, whereas fragmented systems require adaptive commercial strategies and localized clinical engagement. In the Asia-Pacific region, rapid investment in cancer care and ambulatory services is driving interest in technologies that can improve throughput and clinical outcomes, although regional variability in clinical training and supply chain infrastructure necessitates flexible product configurations and targeted education programs.
These regional nuances influence where clinical trials are conducted, how regulatory submissions are structured, and which distribution partnerships are most effective. Manufacturers should adopt a regionally informed playbook that aligns clinical evidence generation with local standards of care, leverages early adopters as clinical ambassadors, and ensures supply reliability through regional partners or manufacturing footprints. Doing so can accelerate adoption while mitigating the risks associated with heterogeneous regulatory and procurement landscapes.
Competitive landscape analysis highlighting how innovation, evidence generation, and manufacturing scale are shaping company positioning and partnership strategies
Competitive dynamics in the absorbable tissue spacer arena are defined by a mixture of established medical device firms and agile specialty developers that prioritize clinical validation and manufacturing quality. Leading organizations are investing in differentiated materials science, improving delivery systems for consistent placement, and expanding clinical evidence through multi-center collaborations. Strategic partnerships with academic centers and key opinion leaders have become instrumental in demonstrating procedural benefits and in shaping clinical guidelines that influence wider adoption.
Additionally, investment in scalable manufacturing processes and robust quality systems supports consistent product performance and regulatory compliance across jurisdictions. Companies that integrate post-market surveillance and real-world evidence programs gain a competitive advantage by addressing payer demands and building credibility with surgical communities. Where appropriate, consolidation and licensing arrangements are enabling smaller innovators to access broader distribution channels and capital resources to scale production, while larger incumbents continue to expand their portfolios through targeted acquisitions and collaborative research initiatives.
Actionable recommendations for stakeholders to align clinical evidence, resilient supply strategies, and stakeholder engagement to accelerate adoption and safeguard commercial viability
Industry leaders should prioritize a combination of clinical evidence generation, supply chain resilience, and stakeholder engagement to translate technological promise into widespread clinical use. First, designing clinical studies that capture meaningful patient-centered outcomes, procedural efficiency gains, and long-term safety will address the evidentiary expectations of clinicians, payers, and health systems. Second, investing in diversified sourcing and regional supply strategies will reduce exposure to geopolitical and tariff-driven disruptions while ensuring dependable product availability for high-volume centers. Third, developing clear training programs and procedural guidance that lower the learning curve for new users will accelerate adoption in both hospital and ambulatory settings, and embedding digital tools to monitor placement and outcomes can further strengthen value propositions.
Finally, aligning commercial models with end-user workflows-whether through bundled purchasing options, procedure-based reimbursement support, or value-based contracting pilots-will facilitate conversations with procurement and payers. Proactive engagement with regulatory bodies and health technology assessors early in the development cycle can streamline approval timelines and clarify evidence expectations, enabling faster market entry and broader clinical acceptance. Collectively, these strategic actions create a durable foundation for scaling adoption while safeguarding clinical quality and commercial viability.
Transparent research methodology describing evidence sources, clinical and regulatory analyses, expert interviews, and case study triangulation that inform practical insights
The methodology underpinning this analysis combined a structured review of peer-reviewed clinical literature, regulatory submissions, and device technical dossiers with qualitative insights obtained from interviews with clinicians, supply chain experts, and industry leaders. Device-specific attributes and material classes were examined through comparative assessments of biocompatibility, degradation profiles, and handling characteristics to identify clinical fit across applications. Regulatory landscapes were mapped using public filings and guidance documents to assess approval pathways and post-market obligations across major jurisdictions.
To ensure relevance for commercial decision-making, the research incorporated case studies highlighting implementation strategies in diverse care settings and synthesized findings from expert discussions to surface practical barriers to adoption. Where available, post-market surveillance summaries and clinical registry data were evaluated to capture real-world safety signals and performance trends. The approach emphasized triangulation across multiple evidence streams to produce balanced, actionable insights tailored for clinicians, manufacturers, and health system leaders.
Conclusive perspective on how evidence-driven innovation, regulatory clarity, and resilient commercialization will determine the clinical impact and long-term success of absorbable tissue spacers
Absorbable tissue spacers stand at the intersection of materials science and clinical need, offering tangible benefits in protecting healthy tissue, optimizing therapeutic windows, and potentially reducing procedural burdens. As innovation continues to deliver materials and delivery systems with more predictable performance and integrated clinical value, the pathway to broader clinical integration will be determined by the strength of evidence, regulatory clarity, and the ability of manufacturers to ensure reliable supply and meaningful training for clinicians.
Stakeholders that balance rigorous clinical evaluation with pragmatic commercialization strategies will be best positioned to transform early promise into sustained clinical impact. By focusing on demonstrable patient outcomes, adaptable product offerings, and resilient operational models, the community around absorbable tissue spacers can realize measurable improvements in care delivery while navigating the evolving demands of payers, regulators, and health systems.
Note: PDF & Excel + Online Access - 1 Year
Clear and authoritative introduction to absorbable tissue spacers outlining clinical purpose, material innovation, regulatory context, and strategic implications for stakeholders
Absorbable tissue spacers have emerged as a pivotal adjunct in contemporary surgical and oncologic practice, offering transient anatomical separation to protect adjacent tissues during intervention and adjuvant therapy. The technology encompasses a spectrum of formulations and delivery approaches that are designed to degrade safely after fulfilling their transient protective function, thereby reducing the need for secondary removal procedures and alleviating perioperative burden. Clinicians increasingly view these spacers not just as passive barriers but as engineered solutions that can influence radiation dosing, infection control, and soft tissue healing dynamics.
In parallel, innovation trajectories have broadened from simple polymer matrix implants to multifunctional constructs that can integrate bioresorbable scaffolding, drug elution capacity, and tailored mechanical profiles. Regulatory regulators and institutional review bodies are adapting to the nuances of resorbable biomaterials, balancing device safety with expedited access where clinical need is clear. From a strategic standpoint, stakeholders across clinical, procurement, and R&D functions must align on product selection, evidence generation priorities, and supply chain resilience to ensure that clinical benefits translate into routine practice adoption across diverse care settings.
Transformative forces and technological advances driving adoption of absorbable tissue spacers and reshaping clinical pathways for surgical and oncologic care
The landscape for absorbable tissue spacers is being reshaped by converging clinical imperatives and technological advances that together are accelerating adoption and broadening use cases. Improvements in polymer chemistry and crosslinking have enabled spacers with tunable degradation kinetics, which in turn allow clinicians to match resorption profiles to specific treatment windows, such as radiation therapy schedules or postoperative healing phases. Concurrently, the integration of biologically active components and surface engineering has begun to address infection risk and tissue compatibility concerns that previously limited some applications.
Health systems and payers are also exerting influence by demanding stronger evidence of clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness, prompting manufacturers to design trials that capture patient-centered endpoints and real-world performance. Digital health tools and imaging analytics are enhancing placement precision and outcome monitoring, creating new opportunities for value demonstration. As a result, companies that combine robust clinical development pathways with scalable manufacturing and strong stakeholder engagement are positioned to capture momentum as clinical teams seek solutions that reduce complications and improve therapeutic ratios.
Assessment of how 2025 tariff changes disrupted supply chains for absorbable tissue spacers and how strategic sourcing and manufacturing responses mitigated clinical supply risks
The imposition of tariffs and trade policy adjustments in 2025 introduced an additional layer of complexity to global supply chains for medical devices, including absorbable tissue spacers. Manufacturers and distributors were compelled to reassess sourcing strategies for raw materials such as specialty polymers and biologic components, as well as evaluate alternative logistics routes to mitigate cost and timing impacts. These shifts underscored the sensitivity of advanced biomaterial supply chains to geopolitical and trade fluctuations, prompting a renewed focus on supplier diversification and nearshoring where feasible.
In response, several companies accelerated qualification of secondary suppliers and invested in inventory buffers for critical inputs to preserve continuity of clinical supply. Clinicians and hospital procurement teams reported increased scrutiny of unit economics and delivery reliability, which in some cases influenced product selections and contractual arrangements. Looking ahead, organizations that proactively invest in localized manufacturing capabilities, long-term supply agreements, and transparent cost modeling will be better equipped to sustain consistent clinical availability while maintaining competitiveness in pricing negotiations.
Key segmentation insights explaining how type, material, application, and end-user distinctions determine clinical use cases, evidence needs, and commercialization strategies
Segment-level dynamics reveal differentiated clinical and commercial opportunities that demand tailored strategies across product portfolios. Based on Type, market analysis considers the distinct use paradigms of Hybrid Spacer, Natural Polymer Spacer, and Synthetic Spacer, each offering trade-offs in handling, degradation behavior, and regulatory complexity that influence clinical preference. Based on Material, Polylactic Acid, Polysaccharides, and Proteins present diverse biocompatibility and resorption characteristics that affect implantation techniques, inflammatory profiles, and potential for bioactivity integration. Based on Application, devices are evaluated across General Surgery, Infection Management, Oncology, Orthopedic Procedures, and Radiotherapy, where the clinical objectives and risk tolerances vary substantially and dictate evidence requirements and adoption pathways. Based on End User, differences between Ambulatory Surgery Centers, Hospitals, and Specialty Clinics shape procurement models, reimbursement interactions, and inventory practices, with each setting necessitating distinct commercial approaches and training resources.
Understanding these segmentation lenses is essential for aligning product development with clinical workflows and reimbursement realities. For example, a formulation optimized for radiotherapy workflows must demonstrate predictable dimensional stability and imaging compatibility, whereas spacers intended for infection management may prioritize antimicrobial integration and local elution profiles. Similarly, engagement strategies differ: hospital systems often require institutional procurement approvals and multi-stakeholder clinical evaluations, whereas ambulatory settings favor ease of use and predictable supply. Tailored clinical evidence packages, clear procedural guidance, and adaptable commercial models are therefore critical to accelerate uptake across the segmented landscape.
Regional strategic outlook showing how differences across the Americas, Europe Middle East & Africa, and Asia-Pacific shape clinical adoption, regulatory strategy, and commercialization approaches
Regional dynamics create varied market conditions shaped by regulatory frameworks, healthcare infrastructure maturity, and clinical practice patterns. In the Americas, advanced oncology programs and high-volume surgical centers prioritize spacers that demonstrate clear procedural advantages, imaging compatibility, and robust safety profiles, while payers increasingly scrutinize real-world outcomes and comparative effectiveness to inform coverage decisions. In Europe, Middle East & Africa, heterogeneity in regulatory pathways and reimbursement environments creates both opportunities and barriers; countries with centralized procurement and strong health technology assessment processes may reward evidence-backed innovations, whereas fragmented systems require adaptive commercial strategies and localized clinical engagement. In the Asia-Pacific region, rapid investment in cancer care and ambulatory services is driving interest in technologies that can improve throughput and clinical outcomes, although regional variability in clinical training and supply chain infrastructure necessitates flexible product configurations and targeted education programs.
These regional nuances influence where clinical trials are conducted, how regulatory submissions are structured, and which distribution partnerships are most effective. Manufacturers should adopt a regionally informed playbook that aligns clinical evidence generation with local standards of care, leverages early adopters as clinical ambassadors, and ensures supply reliability through regional partners or manufacturing footprints. Doing so can accelerate adoption while mitigating the risks associated with heterogeneous regulatory and procurement landscapes.
Competitive landscape analysis highlighting how innovation, evidence generation, and manufacturing scale are shaping company positioning and partnership strategies
Competitive dynamics in the absorbable tissue spacer arena are defined by a mixture of established medical device firms and agile specialty developers that prioritize clinical validation and manufacturing quality. Leading organizations are investing in differentiated materials science, improving delivery systems for consistent placement, and expanding clinical evidence through multi-center collaborations. Strategic partnerships with academic centers and key opinion leaders have become instrumental in demonstrating procedural benefits and in shaping clinical guidelines that influence wider adoption.
Additionally, investment in scalable manufacturing processes and robust quality systems supports consistent product performance and regulatory compliance across jurisdictions. Companies that integrate post-market surveillance and real-world evidence programs gain a competitive advantage by addressing payer demands and building credibility with surgical communities. Where appropriate, consolidation and licensing arrangements are enabling smaller innovators to access broader distribution channels and capital resources to scale production, while larger incumbents continue to expand their portfolios through targeted acquisitions and collaborative research initiatives.
Actionable recommendations for stakeholders to align clinical evidence, resilient supply strategies, and stakeholder engagement to accelerate adoption and safeguard commercial viability
Industry leaders should prioritize a combination of clinical evidence generation, supply chain resilience, and stakeholder engagement to translate technological promise into widespread clinical use. First, designing clinical studies that capture meaningful patient-centered outcomes, procedural efficiency gains, and long-term safety will address the evidentiary expectations of clinicians, payers, and health systems. Second, investing in diversified sourcing and regional supply strategies will reduce exposure to geopolitical and tariff-driven disruptions while ensuring dependable product availability for high-volume centers. Third, developing clear training programs and procedural guidance that lower the learning curve for new users will accelerate adoption in both hospital and ambulatory settings, and embedding digital tools to monitor placement and outcomes can further strengthen value propositions.
Finally, aligning commercial models with end-user workflows-whether through bundled purchasing options, procedure-based reimbursement support, or value-based contracting pilots-will facilitate conversations with procurement and payers. Proactive engagement with regulatory bodies and health technology assessors early in the development cycle can streamline approval timelines and clarify evidence expectations, enabling faster market entry and broader clinical acceptance. Collectively, these strategic actions create a durable foundation for scaling adoption while safeguarding clinical quality and commercial viability.
Transparent research methodology describing evidence sources, clinical and regulatory analyses, expert interviews, and case study triangulation that inform practical insights
The methodology underpinning this analysis combined a structured review of peer-reviewed clinical literature, regulatory submissions, and device technical dossiers with qualitative insights obtained from interviews with clinicians, supply chain experts, and industry leaders. Device-specific attributes and material classes were examined through comparative assessments of biocompatibility, degradation profiles, and handling characteristics to identify clinical fit across applications. Regulatory landscapes were mapped using public filings and guidance documents to assess approval pathways and post-market obligations across major jurisdictions.
To ensure relevance for commercial decision-making, the research incorporated case studies highlighting implementation strategies in diverse care settings and synthesized findings from expert discussions to surface practical barriers to adoption. Where available, post-market surveillance summaries and clinical registry data were evaluated to capture real-world safety signals and performance trends. The approach emphasized triangulation across multiple evidence streams to produce balanced, actionable insights tailored for clinicians, manufacturers, and health system leaders.
Conclusive perspective on how evidence-driven innovation, regulatory clarity, and resilient commercialization will determine the clinical impact and long-term success of absorbable tissue spacers
Absorbable tissue spacers stand at the intersection of materials science and clinical need, offering tangible benefits in protecting healthy tissue, optimizing therapeutic windows, and potentially reducing procedural burdens. As innovation continues to deliver materials and delivery systems with more predictable performance and integrated clinical value, the pathway to broader clinical integration will be determined by the strength of evidence, regulatory clarity, and the ability of manufacturers to ensure reliable supply and meaningful training for clinicians.
Stakeholders that balance rigorous clinical evaluation with pragmatic commercialization strategies will be best positioned to transform early promise into sustained clinical impact. By focusing on demonstrable patient outcomes, adaptable product offerings, and resilient operational models, the community around absorbable tissue spacers can realize measurable improvements in care delivery while navigating the evolving demands of payers, regulators, and health systems.
Note: PDF & Excel + Online Access - 1 Year
Table of Contents
182 Pages
- 1. Preface
- 1.1. Objectives of the Study
- 1.2. Market Segmentation & Coverage
- 1.3. Years Considered for the Study
- 1.4. Currency
- 1.5. Language
- 1.6. Stakeholders
- 2. Research Methodology
- 3. Executive Summary
- 4. Market Overview
- 5. Market Insights
- 5.1. Integration of image-guided delivery systems enhancing accuracy of absorbable spacers in radiotherapy
- 5.2. Development of next-generation polymer blends to optimize degradation profiles and patient safety
- 5.3. Emergence of 3D printing techniques for patient-specific spacer geometry customization
- 5.4. Strategic partnerships between biotech firms and oncology centers accelerating spacer adoption rates
- 5.5. FDA approval pathways evolving to streamline clinical trials for novel absorbable spacer materials
- 5.6. Growing focus on cost-effectiveness studies demonstrating economic benefits of spacers in cancer care
- 6. Cumulative Impact of United States Tariffs 2025
- 7. Cumulative Impact of Artificial Intelligence 2025
- 8. Absorbable Tissue Spacer Market, by Type
- 8.1. Hybrid Spacer
- 8.2. Natural Polymer Spacer
- 8.3. Synthetic Spacer
- 9. Absorbable Tissue Spacer Market, by Material
- 9.1. Polylactic Acid
- 9.2. Polysaccharides
- 9.3. Proteins
- 10. Absorbable Tissue Spacer Market, by Application
- 10.1. General Surgery
- 10.2. Infection Management
- 10.3. Oncology
- 10.4. Orthopedic Procedures
- 10.5. Radiotherapy
- 11. Absorbable Tissue Spacer Market, by End User
- 11.1. Ambulatory Surgery Centers
- 11.2. Hospitals
- 11.3. Specialty Clinics
- 12. Absorbable Tissue Spacer Market, by Region
- 12.1. Americas
- 12.1.1. North America
- 12.1.2. Latin America
- 12.2. Europe, Middle East & Africa
- 12.2.1. Europe
- 12.2.2. Middle East
- 12.2.3. Africa
- 12.3. Asia-Pacific
- 13. Absorbable Tissue Spacer Market, by Group
- 13.1. ASEAN
- 13.2. GCC
- 13.3. European Union
- 13.4. BRICS
- 13.5. G7
- 13.6. NATO
- 14. Absorbable Tissue Spacer Market, by Country
- 14.1. United States
- 14.2. Canada
- 14.3. Mexico
- 14.4. Brazil
- 14.5. United Kingdom
- 14.6. Germany
- 14.7. France
- 14.8. Russia
- 14.9. Italy
- 14.10. Spain
- 14.11. China
- 14.12. India
- 14.13. Japan
- 14.14. Australia
- 14.15. South Korea
- 15. Competitive Landscape
- 15.1. Market Share Analysis, 2024
- 15.2. FPNV Positioning Matrix, 2024
- 15.3. Competitive Analysis
- 15.3.1. Anika Therapeutics, Inc.
- 15.3.2. B. Braun Melsungen AG
- 15.3.3. Baxter International Inc
- 15.3.4. Becton, Dickinson and Company
- 15.3.5. Biocomposites Limited
- 15.3.6. BioProtect Ltd.
- 15.3.7. Boston Scientific Corporation
- 15.3.8. Brainlab AG
- 15.3.9. CIVCO Radiotherapy
- 15.3.10. Cook Medical Incorporated
- 15.3.11. CR Bard, Inc.
- 15.3.12. DePuy Synthes (Johnson & Johnson)
- 15.3.13. Elekta AB
- 15.3.14. Integra LifeSciences Holdings Corporation
- 15.3.15. IsoAid Medical
- 15.3.16. Medtronic plc
- 15.3.17. Morita Corporation
- 15.3.18. Orthofix Medical Inc.
- 15.3.19. Palette Life Sciences, Inc.
- 15.3.20. QI‑RAD
- 15.3.21. Smith & Nephew plc
- 15.3.22. Stryker Corporation
- 15.3.23. Teleflex Incorporated
- 15.3.24. Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc.
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