The US professional sports teams industry includes about 800 organizations with combined annual revenue of over $16 billion. The dominant professional sports leagues in the US are the National Football League (NFL); the National Basketball Association (NBA); Major League Baseball (MLB); and the National Hockey League (NHL). Other leagues include the Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA); Major League Soccer (MLS); and the National Lacrosse League. The industry is concentrated: the top 50 organizations have 60 percent of industry revenue.
The industry includes both major league and minor league sports teams, but not “non-team” professional sports, such as golf, tennis, and boxing.
COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
Demand is driven by consumer income and corporate entertainment spending. The profitability of individual teams depends on achieving high fan attendance and a large TV audience, both of which are enhanced by effective marketing and competitive play. Teams in large metropolitan areas have advantages in the population base and TV audience they can draw on, though they may face competition from other teams. Teams in smaller markets, along with less popular sports and minor league teams, can compete by building fan loyalty through local marketing promotions and an appeal to civic pride. Average annual revenue per worker across all sports teams is over $325,000.
PRODUCTS, OPERATIONS & TECHNOLOGY
Major revenue sources for professional sports teams are admissions (about 40 percent of revenue); TV and radio fees (40 percent); advertising and endorsement fees ...
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