Flame resistant fibres and fabrics are used in the manufacture of industrial workwear, firefighters’ apparel and professional motor racing apparel to protect the wearer against fires, electrical arcs and molten metal splashes.
The introduction of tough legislation regarding the provision of flame resistant apparel, and the growing use of such apparel, has contributed to a drop in the number of fire-related injuries and fatalities in recent decades. Fire departments which issue high-tech turnout gear to their employees have seen a decline in the number of burn injuries. In some cases the decline has been dramatic. Similarly, the number of fatalities in professional motor racing has fallen sharply since the 1960s, when it became compulsory for drivers to wear flame resistant garments.
Stricter regulations regarding fire safety and changes in market requirements have spurred the development of new fibres, treatments and fabrics. These new products have joined established names such as DuPont’s Nomex; Indura, which is made by Westex; Kermel; and Proban, which is produced by Rhodia. Developments have led to the production of high-tech protective fabrics which are more comfortable and which fulfil stringent performance criteria. Multi-functional fabrics have become increasingly available. These combine flame resistance with other protective characteristics such as chemical resistance, anti-static properties and high visibility.
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