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Phosphatases: Emerging Role in Signal Transduction, Human Therapeutics, & As Drug Targets

Published by: Drug and Market Development Publishing

Published: Feb. 18, 2004 - 80 Pages


Table of Contents



Chapter 1: Executive Summary



Chapter 2: Introduction and Background on Phosphatases

PTP Super-family



Chapter 3: Phosphatases in Signal Transduction

Classification of Phosphatases

Serine and ThreonineSpecific Phosphatases

PP1 and PP2A

PP2B

PP2C

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (PTP)

PTPs in Signaling

PTP-1B

Phosphatases in Insulin Receptor Signaling

LAR

RPTPs

Other Phosphatases

RPTPa

SH2 Phosphatases: SHP-1, SHP-2

RPTPe

TCPTP

HePTP



Chapter 4: Phosphatases Associated with Disease

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTP) in the Immune System

PTP in Infectious Diseases

PTP in Vascular Leakage

PTP in Osteoporosis

Phosphatases in Apoptosis

BCL-2 Family Proteins

Phosphatases in Cancer

PTEN

MAPK

Phosphatases in Diabetes and Obesity

PRL-3

CDC25

MKP-1

PP2A

PTP1B in Diabetes and Obesity

Phosphatases in Alzheimer’s Disease

Small Molecule Inhibitors of Serine/Threonine Protein Phosphatases

Cantharidin

Biological Effects

Modifications Anhydride

Multiple Modifications

Involvement of PTPs in Control of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling



Chapter 5: Commercial Opportunity and Legal Aspects of

Commercialization

Structural Challenges in Developing Anti-PTP Molecules



Chapter 6: Literature and Latest News on Phosphatases

Literature Bibliography

Latest News in Phosphatases Area

Sunesis Identifies New Small Molecules to Target PTP-1B

ISIS Pharmaceuticals



Chapter 7: Intellectual Property Landscape for Phosphatases

and Their Inhibitors



Chapter 8: Companies Providing Reagents and Assays for

Phosphatase Space

Commercial Opportunities



Chapter 9: Interviews with Industry Experts

Dr. Rob Hooft, Principal Scientist / Project Leader, Serono

Research Institute

Paul G. Abrams, MD, JD, President & Chief Executive Officer, CEPTYR 9-3

James Wells, Ph.D., President, Chief Officer and Founder, Sunesis Scientific

Pharmaceuticals Inc

Christopher Lipinski, Ph.D., Adjunct Senior Research Fellow,

PFIZER Global R&D, Groton Labs



Chapter 10: Company Profiles

Ceptyr

Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc

Serono Pharmaceuticals

Sunesis Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Vertex Pharmaceutical Inc

TABLE OF E XHIBITS



Exhibit 1.1 Number of Publications on Phosphatases in the Last Five Decades

Exhibit 1.2 Overview of PTPs that are Potential Therapeutic Targets, Grouped

by Disease Area

Exhibit 1.3 Companies Developing Therapeutic Molecules Targeting Phosphatases

Exhibit 2.1 The Reversible Events in Phosphorylation and Dephosphorylation by

Kinase and Phosphatase

Exhibit 2.2 Classification of

Exhibit 2.3 Structural Classification of Phosphatases

Exhibit 3.1 Role of Phosphatases in Insulin Signaling

Exhibit 3.2 Insulin Mediated Signal Transduction

Exhibit 3.3 Number of PTP Family Genes Predicted from Celera and

Human Genome Sequences, Based on Carious PTP Subclasses

Exhibit 4.1 Phosphorylation and Dephosphorylation Events of Proteins

Related to Apoptosis

Exhibit 4.2 Inhibition of Serine/Threonine Protein Phosphatases 1 and 2A by

Various Natural Toxins (IC50 nM)

Exhibit 5.1 Protein Target Depicted from Human Genome Sequencing

Exhibit 5.2 Schematic of Segmentation of Number of Human Drug Targets

Depicted from Human Genome Sequencing

Exhibit 5.3 Schematic of Signal Transduction Pathway Showing the Involvement

of Phosphate Addition and Removal (Potential Role of Kinase

and Phosphatase)

Exhibit 5.4 Human Protein Substrates and Associated Phosphatases

Exhibit Identified Related to Phosphatases 5.5 Number and Classes of Structures

Exhibit 5.6 Companies Involved in Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B Inhibitor Discovery

Exhibit 5.7 Development of Small Molecules to Target Phosphatases Proteins






Abstract

This Report provides an in-depth analysis of the emerging market for phosphatases. What phosphatases are is clearly defined, including their classification, role in diseases, role in signal transduction, and as potential targets for developing therapeutics. The intellectual property landscape is reviewed, companies invested in phosphatase development are profiled, and key industry players are interviewed.

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