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Published by: Icon Group International, Inc.
Published: Oct. 11, 2000 - 215 Pages
Table of Contents
1 Introduction & Methodology
1.1 What Does This Report Cover?
1.2 Evaluating China
1.3 Latent Demand And Accessibility In China
2 The Smartcard And Atm Market
2.1 Latent Demand And Accessibility: Background
2.2 Latent Demand: Aspects Of Interest
2.2.1 Market Profile
2.2.2 Best Sales Prospects
2.2.3 Statistical Data
2.3 Accessibility: The Structure Of Competition
2.3.1 End-User Analysis
2.3.2 Local Production
2.3.3 Third Country Import
2.4 Accessibility: Key Factors
2.4.1 Import Climate
2.4.2 Trade Promotion Opportunities
2.5 Key Contacts
2.5.1 Government Related Agencies
2.5.2 Trade Events
2.5.3 Private Sector
2.5.4 Other Key Contacts
3 The Economics Of Latent Demand In China
3.1 Executive Summary
3.2 Economic Issues In China
3.2.1 Economic Trends And Outlook
3.2.2 Principal Growth Sectors
3.2.3 Government Role In The Economy
3.2.4 Infrastructure Investment
4 Export Accessibility In China
4.1 Executive Summary
4.2 Exporting To China
4.2.1 Banking System
4.2.2 Foreign-Exchange Controls
4.2.3 World Bank
4.2.4 The International Finance Corporation (Ifc)
4.2.5 The Asian Development Bank (Adb)
4.2.6 Bilateral Government Loans
4.2.7 Import Tariffs And Custom Regulations
4.2.8 Trade Barriers
4.2.9 Import Documentation
4.2.10 Prohibited Exports
4.2.11 Import Commodity Inspection
4.2.12 Security Software Certification
4.2.13 Quarantine Inspection
4.2.14 Labeling And Marking Requirements
4.2.15 Food Labeling Law
4.2.16 Special Import Provisions
4.2.17 Prohibited And Restricted Imports
5 Direct Investment Accessibility In China
5.1 Executive Summary: Infrastructure
5.2 Executive Summary: Natural Resources
5.3 Executive Summary: Industry
5.4 Direct Investment In China
5.4.1 Government Attitude Toward Foreign Private Investment
5.4.2 Encouraged Vs. Restricted Vs. Prohibited Investment
5.4.3 Foreign Exchange And Convertibility
5.4.4 Taxes And Tax Incentives
5.4.5 Basic Laws And Regulations Affecting Direct Investment
5.4.6 Contract Law
5.4.7 Securities Law
5.4.8 Government Procurement
5.4.9 Forms Of Foreign Ownership
5.4.10 Investment Screening Procedures
5.4.11 Investment Incentives
5.4.12 Export And Import Policy
5.4.13 National Treatment
5.4.14 Acquisition And Takeovers
5.4.15 Government-Financed Research And Development
5.4.16 Conversion And Transfer Policies
5.4.17 Expropriation And Compensation
5.4.18 Dispute Settlement
5.4.19 China's Legal System
5.4.20 Mortgages/Secured Interests In Property
5.4.21 Bankruptcy
5.4.22 Export Requirements
5.4.23 Local Content
5.4.24 Technology Transfer
5.4.25 Employment Of Host-Country Nationals
5.4.26 Enforcement Procedures For Performance Requirements
5.4.27 Right To Private Ownership And Establishment
5.4.28 Protection Of Property Rights
5.4.29 Transparency Of The Regulatory System
5.4.30 Capital Market Access
5.4.31 Banking
5.4.32 Restrictions On Debt-Equity Ratios
5.4.33 Political Violence Risks
5.4.34 Corruption
5.4.35 Bilateral Investment Agreements
5.4.36 Labor Availability
5.4.37 Compensation
5.4.38 Termination Of Employment
5.4.39 Worker Rights
5.4.40 Foreign-Trade Zones/Free Ports
5.4.41 Foreign Direct Investment
6 Marketing & Distribution In China
6.1 Executive Summary
6.2 Marketing And Distribution In China
6.2.1 Distribution And Sales Channels
6.2.2 Local Agents
6.2.3 Establishing A Representative Office
6.2.4 Establishing A Chinese Subsidiary
6.2.5 Licensing
6.2.6 Franchising
6.2.7 Direct Selling
6.2.8 E-Commerce
6.2.9 Selling Factors/Techniques
6.2.10 Foreign Currency
6.2.11 Advertising And Trade Promotion
6.2.12 Product Pricing And Customer Service
6.2.13 Sales To The Government
6.2.14 Intellectual Property Rights (Ipr) Protection
6.2.15 Local Professional Services
6.2.16 Due Diligence
7 Human Resource Assessment In China
7.1 Executive Summary
7.2 Human Resources In China
7.2.1 Unionization In China
7.2.2 Collective Bargaining In China
7.2.3 Workweek And Minimum Wages In China
7.2.4 Forced Labor In China
7.2.5 Working Ages And Child Labor In China
8 Political Risk Assessment In China
8.1 Executive Summary: Government
8.2 Executive Summary: Military Organization
8.3 Democracy In China
8.4 Political Issues In China
8.4.1 Political Environment
9 Legal Risk Assessment In China
9.1 Executive Summary
9.2 Legal Issues In China
9.2.1 Privacy, Search And Seizure
9.2.2 Trial Justice In China
9.2.3 Excessive Punishment In China
10 Cultural And Demographic Risks In China
10.1 Executive Summary
10.2 Cultural Issues In China
10.2.1 Racial, Ethnic And Discrimination Issues In China
10.2.2 Women's Rights And Gender Issues In China
10.2.3 Religion In China
10.2.4 Fundamental Human Rights In China
11 Historical Background
11.1 Social And Political History
11.1.1 Language
11.1.2 The Pinyin System Of Romanization
11.1.3 Religion
11.1.4 Population Policy
11.1.5 Dynastic Period
11.1.6 Early 20th Century China
11.1.7 The People's Republic Of China
11.1.8 The Great Leap Forward And The Sino-Soviet Split
11.1.9 The Cultural Revolution
11.1.10 The Post-Mao Era
11.1.11989 Student Movement And Tiananmen Square
11.1.12 Third Generation Of Leaders
11.1.13 Chinese Communist Party
11.1.14 State Structure
11.1.15 Legal System
11.1.16 Human Rights
11.1.17 Economic Reforms
11.1.18 Asian Financial Crisis
11.1.19 Natural Resources
11.1.20 Environmental Issues
11.1.21 Technology
11.1.22 Historical International Relations
11.1.23 The Role Of The Military
11.1.24 Nuclear Weapons
11.1.25 Chemical Weapons
11.1.26 Missiles
11.1.27 Bilateral Relations After Tiananmen
11.2 Business Customs In China
AbstractThis report puts executives and strategic planners on the fast track. The first chapter describes the study's methodology. The second chapter gives an overview of how to strategically access the market, mid-term forecasts of latent demand and accessibility benchmarks. The remaining nine chapters are not industry specific, but instead discuss economic fundamentals, marketing & distribution options, export and direct investment options, and full risk assessments (political, cultural, legal, human resources). Combined, the information provided in this market study is a "one-stop" shop for the strategic planner. Ample statistical benchmarks and comparative graphs are given.
Excerpt: The primary audience for this report is managers involved with the highest levels of the strategic planning process, and consultants who help their clients with this task. The user will not only benefit from the hundreds of hours that went into the methodology and its application, but also from its alternative perspective on strategic planning in China.
This report helps executives evaluate strategic investment and entry alternatives in China. In order to evaluate China, Icon Group International, Inc. draws on a methodology developed by Professor Philip Parker at INSEAD in Fontainebleau, France. The methodology decomposes a country's strategic potential along two key dimensions: (1) latent demand, and (2) accessibility. A country may have very high latent demand, yet have low accessibility, making it a less attractive market than many smaller potential countries having higher levels of accessibility.
This report provides a strategic profile of China along these lines. Throughout the discussion, literally hundreds of statistics on China are benchmarked against regional and global averages. The reader can thus quickly understand where China fits into the regional and global perspective. The report first investigates the economic fundamentals affecting China. These fundamentals are the source for China's latent demand. Then, the subsequent chapters detail China's accessibility. This evaluation covers a number of entry alternatives, including export strategies, and local direct investment strategies. If a firm decides to have a local presence in China, this requires a strategic understanding of local business conditions. The conditions investigated in this report include local marketing (advertising, distribution, pricing issues) and entry strategies (opening an office, joint venturing, etc.), as well as human resources management (labor laws, costs, regulations). Because local presence can increase exposure, the report next assesses a number of factors affecting business risks in China (again, benchmarked against regional and global averages). These include: political risks, legal risks, cultural/demographic risks. Risks can only be evaluated within a historical context; history, alas, often repeats itself. The final chapters summarize China's economic, political and social history. In doing so, the reader has a full appreciation of history's role in shaping China's current potential.
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