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The Future of the Biodefense Industry: Regulation, funding opportunities & company profiles

Published by: Business Insights

Published: Sep. 1, 2009 - 183 Pages


Table of Contents


Table of Contents

The Future of the Biodefense Industry

Executive summary

Setting the scene

Regulatory environment

Major pathogens for BW

Biodefense funding

Company profiles

Future perspectives

Chapter 1 Setting the scene

Summary

Introduction

The use of biological agents in warfare and terrorism

Warfare

Offensive BW programs

Bioterrorism: Extent and nature of the threat

Creation

Bulk manufacture

Weaponization

Delivery

Future threats

Pre-2001 bioterrorism

2001 - September 11 and the anthrax attacks

Chapter 2 Regulatory environment

Summary

Introduction

US bodies

FDA

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER)

Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)

Office of Counterterrorism and Emerging Threats

National Institutes of Health (NIH)

The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority

(BARDA)

Public Health Emergency Medical Countermeasures Enterprise

(PHEMCE)

Project Bioshield

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

US Army Medical Materiel Development Activity (USAMMDA)

European bodies

European Commission

European Council Health Security Committee

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)

The European Medicines Agency (EMEA)

Economic Commission for Europe

Joint Commission/Pharmaceutical Industry Task Force

2009-2011 Indicative Program for the Instrument for Stability

International Agencies

World Health Organisation (WHO)

United Nations

Global Health Security Initiative (GHSI)

Chapter 3 Major pathogens for BW

Summary

Introduction

Anthrax

Developmental therapeutics and vaccines

Plague

Developmental therapeutics and vaccines

Tularemia

Developmental therapeutics and vaccines

Smallpox

Developmental therapeutics and vaccines

Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers - Ebola, Marburg, Crimean-Congo, Hantavirus, Lassa

Developmental therapeutics and vaccines

Botulism

Developmental therapeutics and vaccines

Ricin

Developmental therapeutics and vaccines

Staphylococcal enterotoxins

Developmental therapeutics and vaccines

Brucella group

Developmental therapeutics and vaccines

Glanders

Developmental therapeutics and vaccines

Melioidosis (Whitmore’s disease)

Developmental therapeutics and vaccines

Q fever

Developmental therapeutics and vaccines

Conclusion

Chapter 4 Biodefense funding

Summary

US funding

Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)

Biomedical Research and Development Authority (BARDA)

Department of Homeland Security (DHS)

Other departments

Grants available for biodefense R&D in the US

NIH Challenge grants in health & science research

NIH Cooperative Research & Development Agreement (CRADA)

Small business awards

NIH small business biodefense program awards

Project BioShield awards

Regional Centers of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging

Infectious Diseases (RCE)

Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)

US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID)

Technology transfer

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)

European funding

United Kingdom

France

Germany

EU biodefense programs

European Defense Agency (EDA)

EDA’s Joint R&D Investment Program

Bio-Edep

Bioterrorism Research Resilience Reaction (BIO3R)

Biodefense industry

New and Emerging Science and Technology (NEST)

Health Protection Agency (HPA)

Defense Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl)

Japan

Chapter 5 Company profiles

Summary

Introduction

US

Achaogen

Contracts

Advanced Life Sciences

Contracts

Alnylam Pharmaceuticals

Contracts

Cleveland BioLabs

Contracts

Dynavax Technologies Inc.

Contracts

Dynport Vaccine Company Llc (DVC)

Contracts

Elusys Therapeutics

Contracts

Emergent BioSolutions

Contracts

Ichor Medical Systems

Contracts

Nanotherapeutics

Contracts

Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Contracts

PharmAthene

Contracts

SIGA Technologies

Contracts

VaxGen

Contracts

XOMA

Contracts

Canada

Affinium Pharmaceuticals

Contracts

Cangene

Contracts

ID Biomedical Corporation

Contracts

UK

Acambis

Contracts

Cambridge Biostability (CBL)

Contracts

MNLpharma

Contracts

Denmark

Bavarian Nordic

Contracts

Australia

Vaxine Pty

Contracts

India

Panacea Biotec Ltd.

Contracts

China

Sinovac Biotech Ltd.

Israel

Medison Pharma

Conclusion

Biodefense products: the risks

Chapter 6 Future perspectives

Summary

Introduction

Assessing future threats

GM technology

Synthetic biology

US funding - the reality

Has the US got value for its £50 billion-worth of funding since 2001?

Potential biodefense business

Getting a grant in the US

Project Bioshield

Is Europe doing enough?

Lack of coordination

US

EU

Biodefense - at the expense of other research?

Mismanagement of the stockpile

Case study: VaxGen

Problems of biosecurity

US

Russia and the FSU

Fulfilling unmet needs

Conclusion

Chapter 7 Appendix

CDC characterization of biological threats

Glossary

Index

List of Figures

Figure 1.1: Bioterrorism incidents 1970-2008

Figure 2.1: US biodefense funding by department 2001-09

Figure 3.1: R&D funding pathway for biodefense medical countermeasures

Figure 4.1: Project BioShield procurement process

Figure 4.5: US biodefense funding ($m), 2001-12

Figure 4.6: BARDA funding forecasts ($m), 2009-14

Figure 5.7: Cleveland BioLabs research spending on Protectan CBL502 for biodefense applications ($m), 2008-09

Figure 5.8: Emergent BioSolutions operating results ($m), 2008-09

Figure 5.9: PharmAthene financial results ($m), 2008-09

Figure 5.10: Cangene financial results ($m), 2004-08

Figure 5.11: Bavarian Nordic financials (DKKm), 2004-08

Figure 6.12: US biodefense funding ($m), 2001-09

Figure 6.13: VaxGen financials ($m), 2005-08

Figure 6.14: NIH funded biocontainment laboratories

Figure 7.15: CDC characterization of biological threats

List of Tables

Table 2.1: US biodefense presidential acts

Table 2.2: US biodefense acts post-2001

Table 2.3: European Biodefense Legislation

Table 3.4: Developmental therapeutics and vaccines for anthrax

Table 3.5: Developmental therapeutics and vaccines for plague

Table 3.6: Developmental therapeutics and vaccines for tularemia

Table 3.7: Developmental therapeutics and vaccines for smallpox

Table 3.8: Developmental therapeutics and vaccines for VHF

Table 3.9: Developmental therapeutics and vaccines for botulism

Table 3.10: Developmental therapeutics and vaccines for ricin

Table 3.11: Developmental therapeutics and vaccines for staphylococcal enterotoxins

Table 3.12: Developmental therapeutics and vaccines for brucella

Table 3.13: Developmental therapeutics and vaccines for glanders

Table 3.14: Developmental therapeutics and vaccines for melioidosis

Table 3.15: Developmental therapeutics and vaccines for Q fever

Table 4.16: US biodefense funding by department ($m), 2001-10

Abstract

Introduction

The major contemporary bioterrorist event which has opened up programs of research and development (R&D) in pharmaceutical countermeasures and treatments was the anthrax mail attacks which occurred only weeks after the 9/11 atrocities, in October 2001. The mailings killed five people and exposed hundreds more - with thousands of US citizens seeking prophylactic antibiotics. Since then the biodefense industry has grown massively, with the US releasing around $50bn in biodefence funding in 2001-2009. Other international bodies, such as the EU, have also increased their vigilance and research efforts.

This report sets out to describe and analyze the work of the biodefense industry in terms of past, present and future pharmaceutical research, development and production to counter or treat diseases caused by biological attack. It also will describe government policies and initiatives in several countries which have spurred research and production in pharmaceutical countermeasures and treatments for such diseases and will examine the various factors which influence those policies and the market, including current and future threats and how the industry is responding to new discoveries.

Scope of this report
  • Analysis of government funding levels in the US and Europe and information on current grants available for biodefense research.
  • Estimation of biodefense in the US for 2010 and forecast figures to 2012.
  • In-depth analysis of the major biodefense firms operating in the US, Europe, Australia and Canada as well as well as those operating in emerging markets such as China, India and Israel.
  • Analysis of the major threat areas in the biodefense market including - anthrax, plague, tularemia, small pox viral hemorrhagic fevers, botulism, ricin, staphylococcal enterotoxins, brucella, glanders, melioidosis and Q fever.
Key findings from this report
  • The US is driving the industry and total biodefense funding between 2001-2009 reached $49.6bn. However, growth is set to slow significantly in the coming years as all Project BioShield funding has now released.
  • However, a single serious bioterrorist incident in the US could spur another round of government spending as happened after the 2001 anthrax attacks. Recent threats such as pandemic swine flu are also forcing governments to consider the creation of large stockpiles of medical countermeasure.
  • The current economic crisis could be especially serious for the biodefense industry. As many of the active participants are small-scale and reliant on outside funding to maintain operations, reduced credit options could force them out of business
Key issues
  • Since 2001 US funding for Biodefense has reached $49.6bn. The peak year for spending was 2005, due to a large dissemination of funds from Project BioShield, however 2009 was also witnessed strong investment.
  • In 2010, Business Insights estimates that total biodefense funding in the US will reach $5,932mn. If you were to take BioShield funding out of the figures for 2009, then 2010 represented growth of 1.4% (year-on-year), a reversal of the trend seen between 2006-2008.
  • There have only been a small number of bioterrorist incidents in the past thirty years, with the number of fatalities remaining limited. But due in part to the psychological fear created by these weapons, the US military, in particular, has invested heavily in preparing vaccines and therapeutics.
  • The rarity of bioterrorist attacks, due to the extreme difficulty in weaponizing and delivering biological agents, has caused numerous scientific groups to criticize the current high spending levels on research into medical counter measures.
Use this report to:
  • What are the major trends driving the biodefense market?
  • What is the current state of R&D in the biodefense market?
  • How has the regulatory pathway changed in recent years, and how is this effecting industry development?
  • What are the current funding levels for biodefense and what is the forecast 2010-2012?
  • Which product areas provide the greatest opportunity for future development?


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