Liver Disease Treatments: The Global Market

Published by: BCC Research

Published: Jun. 1, 2009 - 177 Pages

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

STUDY OBJECTIVES

REASONS FOR DOING THIS STUDY

INTENDED AUDIENCE

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

METHODOLOGY

INFORMATION SOURCES

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

RELATED REPORTS

BCC ONLINE SERVICES

DISCLAIMER

CHAPTER 2: SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL SALES OF LIVER DISEASE TREATMENTS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL SALES OF LIVER DISEASE TREATMENTS, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

CHAPTER 3: OVERVIEW

DEFINITIONS

THE LIVER

LIVER FUNCTIONS

Metabolism

Drug Disposition

Bile Formation

Other Functions

COMMON SYMPTOMS OF LIVER DISEASE

Jaundice

Cholestasis

Liver Enlargement

Ascites

Portal Hypertension

Liver Encephalopathy

Liver Failure

Other Common Symptoms

LIVER DISEASES

TABLE 1 TYPES OF LIVER DISEASES

VIRUS-INDUCED LIVER DISEASE

Acute Hepatitis

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

Hepatitis D

Chronic Hepatitis

Alcohol-induced Chronic Hepatitis

Chronic Active Hepatitis

Chronic Persistent Hepatitis

LIVER TUMORS

Benign Liver Tumors

Hepatocellular Adenoma

Hemangioma

Malignant Liver Tumors

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Metastatic Liver Cancer

CONGENITAL LIVER DEFECTS

Biliary Atresia

Choledochal Cyst

AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISORDERS

Hemochromatosis

Wilson‘s Disease

Autoimmune Hepatitis

ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASE

Fatty Liver

Alcoholic Hepatitis

Alcoholic Cirrhosis

CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE

Cirrhosis

Fibrosis

NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER

CHAPTER 4: REGULATORY ISSUES

TABLE 2 APPROVED DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2005-2008

TABLE 2 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 3 NUMBER OF NEW APPROVALS FOR DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2005-2008

FIGURE 1 NUMBER OF NEW APPROVALS FOR DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2005-2008

TABLE 4 NEW DRUG APPLICATIONS FOR DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2005-2008

TABLE 5 RECALLS OF DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2005-2008

CHAPTER 5: PREVELANCE

UNITED STATES

UNITED KINGDOM

REST OF THE WORLD

PREVELANCE OF A FEW LIVER DISEASES

HEPATITIS

United States

TABLE 6 HEPATITIS BURDEN IN THE UNITED STATES (2005-2006)

TABLE 7 INCIDENCE OF ACUTE HEPATITIS BY SEX AND AGE IN THE UNITED STATES (2006)

CIRRHOSIS

LIVER CANCER OR HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA

NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER

CHAPTER 6: CLASSIFICATION OF THERAPIES BY DISEASE

VIRUS-INDUCED LIVER DISEASE/HEPATITIS

VIRAL VACCINES

TABLE 8 VACCINES FOR HEPATITIS A PREVENTION

TABLE 9 VACCINES FOR HEPATITIS B PREVENTION

ANTIVIRAL DRUGS

Nucleoside Analogs

TABLE 10 NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS USED TO TREAT HEPATITIS

Nucleotide Analogs

TABLE 11 NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS USED TO TREAT HEPATITIS

TABLE 12 PROTEASE INHIBITORS USED TO TREAT HEPATITIS

INTERFERON

TABLE 13 INTERFERONS USED TO TREAT HEPATITIS

IMMUNE GLOBULINS

TABLE 14 IMMUNE GLOBULINS USED TO TREAT HEPATITIS

LIVER TUMORS/ LIVER CANCER

CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS

TABLE 15 CHEMOTHERAPUTIC DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER CANCER

TARGETED THERAPY

TABLE 16 TARGETED THERAPY USED TO TREAT LIVER CANCER

CONGENITAL LIVER DEFECTS

AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISORDERS

TABLE 17 DRUGS USED TO TREAT WILSON’S DISEASE

CORTICOSTEROIDS

TABLE 18 CORTICOSTEROIDS USED TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS

IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS

TABLE 19 IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS USED TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS

ANTIMETABOLITES

TABLE 20 ANTI-METABOLITES USED TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS

ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASE

ANABOLIC STEROIDS

TABLE 21 ANABOLIC STEROIDS USED TO TREAT ALCOHOLIC LIVER DAMAGE

ALCOHOL ABUSE DRUGS

TABLE 22 ALCOHOL ABUSE DRUGS USED TO TREAT ALCOHOLIC LIVER DAMAGE

CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE

ANTI-REJECTION MEDICATION

TABLE 23 ANTI-REJECTION MEDICATIONS

ANTI-INFECTIVES

TABLE 24 ANTI-INFECTIVES

ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS

TABLE 25 ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS FOR LIVER TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS

NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER

GALLSTONE SOLUBILIZING AGENTS

TABLE 26 GALLSTONE SOLUBILIZING AGENTS USED TO TREAT NON- ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE

OTHER DRUGS

TABLE 27 OTHER DRUGS USED TO TREAT NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE

CHAPTER 7: INDUSTRY STRUCTURE

HEPATITIS

HEPATITIS VACCINE

TABLE 28 HEPATITIS VACCINE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 2 HEPATITIS VACCINE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008

NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS

TABLE 29 NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 3 NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS

TABLE 30 NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER: 2008 (%)

FIGURE 4 NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT HEPATITS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

INTERFERONS

TABLE 31 INTERFERONS TO TREAT HEPATITIS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 5 INTERFERONS TO TREAT HEPATITIS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

IMMUNE GLOBULINS

TABLE 32 IMMUNE GLOBULINS TO TREAT HEPATITIS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 6 IMMUNE GLOBULINS TO TREAT HEPATITIS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

LIVER TUMORS

CHEMOTHERAPY

TABLE 33 CHEMOTHERAPY TO TREAT LIVER TUMORS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 7 CHEMOTHERAPY TO TREAT LIVER TUMORS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TARGETED THERAPY

TABLE 34 TARGETED THERAPY TO TREAT LIVER TUMORS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 8 TARGETED THERAPY TO TREAT LIVER TUMORS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES

CHELATING AGENTS

TABLE 35 CHELATING AGENTS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 9 CHELATING AGENTS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

CORTICOSTEROIDS

TABLE 36 CORTICOSTEROIDS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 10 CORTICOSTEROIDS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS

TABLE 37 IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 11 IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

ANTIMETABOLITES

TABLE 38 ANTIMETABOLITES TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 12 ANTIMETABOLITES TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASES

ANABOLIC STEROIDS

TABLE 39 ANABOLIC STEROIDS TO TREAT ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 13 ANABOLIC STEROIDS TO TREAT ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

ALCOHOL ABUSE DRUGS

TABLE 40 ALCOHOL ABUSE DRUGS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 14 ALCOHOL ABUSE DRUGS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE

ANTI-REJECTION MEDICATION

TABLE 41 ANTI-REJECTION MEDICATION TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 15 ANTI-REJECTION MEDICATION TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

ANTI-INFECTIVES

TABLE 42 ANTI-INFECTIVES TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 16 ANTI-INFECTIVES TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS

TABLE 43 ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 17 ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE

GALLSTONE STABILIZING AGENTS

TABLE 44 GALLSTONE STABILIZING AGENTS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 18 GALLSTONE STABILIZING AGENTS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

OTHER DRUGS

TABLE 45 OTHER DRUGS USED TO TREAT NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 19 OTHER DRUGS USED TO TREAT NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

CHAPTER 8: DEMAND AND USE

LIFE EXPECTANCY

LACK OF KNOWLEDGE

LACK OF TREATMENT OPTIONS

INCREASING NUMBER OF PATIENTS

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

INITIATIVES OF VARIOUS ORGANIZATIONS TO INCREASE AWARENESS

INITIATIVES OF VARIOUS ORGANIZATIONS … (CONTINUED)

CHAPTER 9: MARKET ANALYSIS

TABLE 46 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY DISEASE TYPE, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 20 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY DISEASE TYPE, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

HEPATITIS

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 47 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 21 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

MARKET OVERVIEW

Market Overview (Continued)

LIVER TUMORS

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 48 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER TUMORS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 22 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER TUMORS, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

MARKET OVERVIEW

AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 49 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 23 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

MARKET OVERVIEW

ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASE

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 50 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASES, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 24 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASES, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

MARKET OVERVIEW

CHRONIC LIVER DISEASES

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 51 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASES, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 25 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASES, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

MARKET OVERVIEW

NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 52 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASES, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 26 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASES, 2007-2094 ($ MILLIONS)

MARKET OVERVIEW

Market Overview (Continued)

CHAPTER 10: DRUG-INDUCED LIVER DISEASE

DRUG-INDUCED

DRUGS THAT CAN CAUSE LIVER DISEASE

ACETAMINOPHEN (TYLENOL)

STATINS

NICOTINIC ACID (NIACIN)

AMIODARONE (CORDARONE)

NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS

METHOTREXATE (RHEUMATREX, TREXALL)

ANTIBIOTICS

TACRINE (COGNEX)

DISULFIRAM

VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTS

TABLE 53 DRUGS THAT CAN CAUSE LIVER DISEASE

TABLE 53 (CONTINUED)

CHAPTER 11: NEW DEVELOPMENTS

CLINICAL TRIALS

TABLE 54 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS FOR HEPATITIS/ LIVER-INDUCED LIVER DISEASES

TABLE 55 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS FOR LIVER TUMORS

TABLE 56 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS FOR CONGENITAL LIVER DEFECTS

TABLE 57 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS FOR AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISORDERS

TABLE 58 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS FOR ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASES

TABLE 59 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS FOR CHRONIC LIVER DISEASES

TABLE 60 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS FOR NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE

NEW DEVELOPMENTS

NEW DEVELOPMENTS (CONTINUED)

STEM CELL RESEARCH

CHAPTER 12: MARKET BY DRUG TYPE

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 61 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 61 (CONTINUED)

FIGURE 27 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

MARKET SHARE

TABLE 62 SHARE OF DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2008

FIGURE 28 SHARE OF DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2008 (%)

VACCINES

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 63 GLOBAL SALES OF HEPATITIS VACCINE,THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 29 GLOBAL SALES OF HEPATITIS VACCINE, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

ANTIVIRALS

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 64 GLOBAL SALES OF NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 30 GLOBAL SALES OF NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 65 GLOBAL SALES OF NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 31 GLOBAL SALES OF NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

INTERFERONS

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 66 GLOBAL SALES OF INTERFERONS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 32 GLOBAL SALES OF INTERFERONS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

IMMUNE GLOBULINS

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 67 GLOBAL SALES OF IMMUNE GLOBULINS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 33 GLOBAL SALES OF IMMUNE GLOBULINS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

CHEMOTHERAPY

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 68 GLOBAL SALES OF CHEMOTHERAPY DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 34 GLOBAL SALES OF CHEMOTHERAPY DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TARGETED THERAPY

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 69 GLOBAL SALES OF TARGETED THERAPY TO TREAT LIVER CANCER, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 35 GLOBAL SALES OF TARGETED THERAPY TO TREAT LIVER CANCER, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

CHELATING AGENTS

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 70 GLOBAL SALES OF CHELATING AGENTS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 36 GLOBAL SALES OF CHELATING AGENTS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

CORTICOSTEROIDS

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 71 GLOBAL SALES OF CORTICOSTEROIDS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 37 GLOBAL SALES OF CORTICOSTEROIDS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 72 GLOBAL SALES OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 38 GLOBAL SALES OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

ANTIMETABOLITES

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 73 GLOBAL SALES OF ANTIMETABOLITES TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 39 GLOBAL SALES OF ANTIMETABOLITES TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

ANABOLIC STEROIDS

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 74 GLOBAL SALES OF ANABOLIC STEROIDS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 40 GLOBAL SALES OF ANABOLIC STEROIDS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

ALCOHOL ABUSE DRUGS

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 75 GLOBAL SALES OF ALCOHOL ABUSE DRUGS, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 41 GLOBAL SALES OF ALCOHOL ABUSE DRUGS, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

ANTI-REJECTION MEDICATION

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 76 GLOBAL SALES OF ANTI-REJECTION MEDICATION TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 42 GLOBAL SALES OF ANTI-REJECTION MEDICATION TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

INFECTION-FIGHTING DRUGS

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 77 GLOBAL SALES OF INFECTION-FIGHTING DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER TRANSPLANT PATIENTS, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 43 GLOBAL SALES OF INFECTION-FIGHTING DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER TRANSPLANT PATIENTS, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 78 GLOBAL SALES OF ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS IN LIVER TRANSPLANTS, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 44 GLOBAL SALES OF ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS IN LIVER TRANSPLANTS, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

GALLSTONE SOLUBILIZING AGENTS

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 79 GLOBAL SALES OF GALLSTONE SOLUBILIZING AGENTS, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 45 GLOBAL SALES OF GALLSTONE SOLUBILIZING AGENTS, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

OTHER DRUGS USED TO TREAT NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASES

MARKET SIZE

TABLE 80 GLOBAL SALES OF OTHER DRUGS USED TO TREAT NON- ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 46 GLOBAL SALES OF OTHER DRUGS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF NON- ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

CHAPTER 13: PATENT ANALYSIS

PATENTS BY YEAR

TABLE 81 TOTAL NUMBER OF PATENTS EACH YEAR, 2005-2009

FIGURE 47 TOTAL NUMBER OF PATENTS EACH YEAR, 2005-2009

PATENTS BY TYPE

TABLE 82 NUMBER OF PATENTS BY TYPE, 2005-2009

FIGURE 48 NUMBER OF PATENTS BY TYPE, 2005-2009

FIGURE 49 PATENTS, SHARE BY TYPE, 2005-2009 (%)

PATENTS BY COUNTRY

TABLE 83 TOTAL NUMBER OF PATENTS BY COUNTRY, 2005-2009

FIGURE 50 TOTAL NUMBER OF PATENTS BY COUNTRY, 2005-2009

PATENTS BY COMPANY

TABLE 84 NUMBER OF PATENTS BY COMPANY, 2005-2009

FIGURE 51 TOTAL NUMBER OF PATENTS BY COMPANY, 2005-2009

PATENTS BY ASSIGNEE

TABLE 85 NUMBER OF PATENTS BY ASIGNEE, 2005-2009

FIGURE 52 NUMBER OF PATENTS BY ASSIGNEE, 2005-2009

CHAPTER 14: COMPANY PROFILES

ABBOTT LABORATORIES

ACTAVIS U.S.

ALKERMES, INC

ALNYLAM PHARMACEUTICALS

BARR PHARMACEUTICALS

BAYER SCHERING PHARMA AG

BIOTEST PHARMACEUTICALS CORPORATION

BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB

CANGENE CORPORATION

DEBIOPHARM GROUP

ELI LILLY & COMPANY

GALMED MEDICAL RESEARCH, LTD.

GILEAD SCIENCES, INC

GLAXOSMITHKLINE PLC

HUMAN GENOME SCIENCES

IDENIX PHARMACEUTICALS INC.

KINEMED, INC.

MALLINCKRODT

MEDA PHARMACEUTICALS

MERCK & CO.

NOVARTIS AG

PAR PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES, INC.

ROCHE

ROXANE LABORATORIES, INC.

SANOFI AVENTIS

SAVIENT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

SCHERING-PLOUGH

SCYNEXIS

TEVA PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES LTD.

THREE RIVERS PHARMACEUTICALS

VALEANT PHARMACEUTICALS INTERNATIONAL

WATSON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.

WYETH INC.

ZYDUS PHARMACEUTICALS INC

ZYMOGENETICS

APPENDIX

ABBREVIATIONS

LIST OF TABLES

SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL SALES OF LIVER DISEASE TREATMENTS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 1 TYPES OF LIVER DISEASES

TABLE 2 APPROVED DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2005-2008

TABLE 3 NUMBER OF NEW APPROVALS FOR DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2005-2008

TABLE 4 NEW DRUG APPLICATIONS FOR DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2005-2008

TABLE 5 RECALLS OF DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2005-2008

TABLE 6 HEPATITIS BURDEN IN THE UNITED STATES (2005-2006)

TABLE 7 INCIDENCE OF ACUTE HEPATITIS BY SEX AND AGE IN THE UNITED STATES (2006)

TABLE 8 VACCINES FOR HEPATITIS A PREVENTION

TABLE 9 VACCINES FOR HEPATITIS B PREVENTION

TABLE 10 NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS USED TO TREAT HEPATITIS

TABLE 11 NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS USED TO TREAT HEPATITIS

TABLE 12 PROTEASE INHIBITORS USED TO TREAT HEPATITIS

TABLE 13 INTERFERONS USED TO TREAT HEPATITIS

TABLE 14 IMMUNE GLOBULINS USED TO TREAT HEPATITIS

TABLE 15 CHEMOTHERAPUTIC DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER CANCER

TABLE 16 TARGETED THERAPY USED TO TREAT LIVER CANCER

TABLE 17 DRUGS USED TO TREAT WILSON‘S DISEASE

TABLE 18 CORTICOSTEROIDS USED TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS

TABLE 19 IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS USED TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS

TABLE 20 ANTI-METABOLITES USED TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS

TABLE 21 ANABOLIC STEROIDS USED TO TREAT ALCOHOLIC LIVER DAMAGE

TABLE 22 ALCOHOL ABUSE DRUGS USED TO TREAT ALCOHOLIC LIVER DAMAGE

TABLE 23 ANTI-REJECTION MEDICATIONS

TABLE 24 ANTI-INFECTIVES

TABLE 25 ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS FOR LIVER TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS

TABLE 26 GALLSTONE SOLUBILIZING AGENTS USED TO TREAT NON- ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE

TABLE 27 OTHER DRUGS USED TO TREAT NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE

TABLE 28 HEPATITIS VACCINE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 29 NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 30 NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER: 2008 (%)

TABLE 31 INTERFERONS TO TREAT HEPATITIS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 32 IMMUNE GLOBULINS TO TREAT HEPATITIS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 33 CHEMOTHERAPY TO TREAT LIVER TUMORS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 34 TARGETED THERAPY TO TREAT LIVER TUMORS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 35 CHELATING AGENTS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 36 CORTICOSTEROIDS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 37 IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 38 ANTIMETABOLITES TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 39 ANABOLIC STEROIDS TO TREAT ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 40 ALCOHOL ABUSE DRUGS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 41 ANTI-REJECTION MEDICATION TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 42 ANTI-INFECTIVES TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 43 ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 44 GALLSTONE STABILIZING AGENTS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 45 OTHER DRUGS USED TO TREAT NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

TABLE 46 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY DISEASE TYPE, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 47 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 48 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER TUMORS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 49 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 50 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASES, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 51 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASES, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 52 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASES, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 53 DRUGS THAT CAN CAUSE LIVER DISEASE

TABLE 54 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS FOR HEPATITIS/ LIVER-INDUCED LIVER DISEASES

TABLE 55 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS FOR LIVER TUMORS

TABLE 56 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS FOR CONGENITAL LIVER DEFECTS

TABLE 57 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS FOR AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISORDERS

TABLE 58 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS FOR ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASES

TABLE 59 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS FOR CHRONIC LIVER DISEASES

TABLE 60 NUMBER OF CLINICAL TRIALS FOR NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE

TABLE 61 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 62 SHARE OF DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2008

TABLE 63 GLOBAL SALES OF HEPATITIS VACCINE,THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 64 GLOBAL SALES OF NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 65 GLOBAL SALES OF NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 66 GLOBAL SALES OF INTERFERONS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 67 GLOBAL SALES OF IMMUNE GLOBULINS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 68 GLOBAL SALES OF CHEMOTHERAPY DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 69 GLOBAL SALES OF TARGETED THERAPY TO TREAT LIVER CANCER, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 70 GLOBAL SALES OF CHELATING AGENTS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 71 GLOBAL SALES OF CORTICOSTEROIDS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 72 GLOBAL SALES OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 73 GLOBAL SALES OF ANTIMETABOLITES TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 74 GLOBAL SALES OF ANABOLIC STEROIDS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 75 GLOBAL SALES OF ALCOHOL ABUSE DRUGS, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 76 GLOBAL SALES OF ANTI-REJECTION MEDICATION TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 77 GLOBAL SALES OF INFECTION-FIGHTING DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER TRANSPLANT PATIENTS, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 78 GLOBAL SALES OF ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS IN LIVER TRANSPLANTS, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 79 GLOBAL SALES OF GALLSTONE SOLUBILIZING AGENTS, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 80 GLOBAL SALES OF OTHER DRUGS USED TO TREAT NON- ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 81 TOTAL NUMBER OF PATENTS EACH YEAR, 2005-2009

TABLE 82 NUMBER OF PATENTS BY TYPE, 2005-2009

TABLE 83 TOTAL NUMBER OF PATENTS BY COUNTRY, 2005-2009

TABLE 84 NUMBER OF PATENTS BY COMPANY, 2005-2009

TABLE 85 NUMBER OF PATENTS BY ASIGNEE, 2005-2009

LIST OF FIGURES

SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL SALES OF LIVER DISEASE TREATMENTS, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 1 NUMBER OF NEW APPROVALS FOR DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2005-2008

FIGURE 2 HEPATITIS VACCINE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008

FIGURE 3 NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 4 NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT HEPATITS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 5 INTERFERONS TO TREAT HEPATITIS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 6 IMMUNE GLOBULINS TO TREAT HEPATITIS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 7 CHEMOTHERAPY TO TREAT LIVER TUMORS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 8 TARGETED THERAPY TO TREAT LIVER TUMORS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 9 CHELATING AGENTS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 10 CORTICOSTEROIDS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 11 IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 12 ANTIMETABOLITES TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 13 ANABOLIC STEROIDS TO TREAT ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 14 ALCOHOL ABUSE DRUGS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 15 ANTI-REJECTION MEDICATION TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 16 ANTI-INFECTIVES TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 17 ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 18 GALLSTONE STABILIZING AGENTS: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 19 OTHER DRUGS USED TO TREAT NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE: MARKET SHARE BY MANUFACTURER, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 20 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY DISEASE TYPE, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 21 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT HEPATITIS, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 22 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER TUMORS, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 23 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 24 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT ALCOHOL-INDUCED LIVER DISEASES, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 25 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT CHRONIC LIVER DISEASES, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 26 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS TO TREAT NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASES, 2007-2094 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 27 GLOBAL SALES OF DRUGS USED TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 28 SHARE OF DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, 2008 (%)

FIGURE 29 GLOBAL SALES OF HEPATITIS VACCINE, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 30 GLOBAL SALES OF NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 31 GLOBAL SALES OF NUCLEOTIDE ANALOGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 32 GLOBAL SALES OF INTERFERONS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 33 GLOBAL SALES OF IMMUNE GLOBULINS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 34 GLOBAL SALES OF CHEMOTHERAPY DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 35 GLOBAL SALES OF TARGETED THERAPY TO TREAT LIVER CANCER, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 36 GLOBAL SALES OF CHELATING AGENTS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 37 GLOBAL SALES OF CORTICOSTEROIDS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 38 GLOBAL SALES OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 39 GLOBAL SALES OF ANTIMETABOLITES TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 40 GLOBAL SALES OF ANABOLIC STEROIDS TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 41 GLOBAL SALES OF ALCOHOL ABUSE DRUGS, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 42 GLOBAL SALES OF ANTI-REJECTION MEDICATION TO TREAT LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 43 GLOBAL SALES OF INFECTION-FIGHTING DRUGS TO TREAT LIVER TRANSPLANT PATIENTS, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 44 GLOBAL SALES OF ANTIFUNGAL PROPHYLAXIS IN LIVER TRANSPLANTS, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 45 GLOBAL SALES OF GALLSTONE SOLUBILIZING AGENTS, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 46 GLOBAL SALES OF OTHER DRUGS USED IN THE TREATMENT OF NON- ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASES, BY REGION, 2007-2014 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 47 TOTAL NUMBER OF PATENTS EACH YEAR, 2005-2009

FIGURE 48 NUMBER OF PATENTS BY TYPE, 2005-2009

FIGURE 49 PATENTS, SHARE BY TYPE, 2005-2009 (%)

FIGURE 50 TOTAL NUMBER OF PATENTS BY COUNTRY, 2005-2009

FIGURE 51 TOTAL NUMBER OF PATENTS BY COMPANY, 2005-2009

FIGURE 52 NUMBER OF PATENTS BY ASSIGNEE, 2005-2009

Abstract

• The global market for liver disease treatments amounted to nearly $8.4 billion in 2007 and is expected to increase to $9.8 billion in 2014, for a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.0%
• The treatment for hepatitis is the largest segment of the market, amounting to about $4.6 billion in the last three years, and is expected to reach $4.8 billion in 2014.
• Sales of targeted therapies were comparatively less in 2008, but this market has the potential to grow faster mainly because of the increased incidence of hepatitis C in developing countries.

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