Practical Guide to Managing 24-Hour Operations

Published by: Circadian Technologies, Inc.

Published: Mar. 1, 1999 - 135 Pages

Table of Contents

PART II Management Development

TIP 15: Educate your corporate managers on the special challenges,
risks and liabilities of shiftwork operations

TIP 16: Designate and certify a specific "shiftwork manager" at each site
to coordinate alertness assurance

TIP 17: Recognize the value of shiftwork experience when you
hire managers and supervisors

TIP 18: Expose your new managers to a shiftwork lifestyle for several shift cycles

TIP 19: Develop your expertise in shiftwork management

TIP 20: Spend some time hanging out with the night crew

TIP 21: Ensure human design specs are incorporated into company planning

TIP 22: Benchmark yourself against the best shiftwork operations

TIP 23: Don't make a critical management decision at 3 am if you can
possibly avoid it

PART III Supervisor Responsibility

TIP 24: Train shift supervisors in techniques to keep their crews alert

TIP 25: Design call-in procedures with consideration for sleep time

TIP 26: Schedule meetings with consideration for the night shift

TIP 27: Build awareness of individual circadian sleep/alertness types
and try to assign people accordingly

PART IV Shiftworker Lifestyle Training

TIP 28: Provide your shiftworkers with specific training on how
to manage a 24-hour lifestyle

TIP 29: Include the shiftworker's spouse or partner in the lifestyle training program

TIP 30: Individualize the advice for different circadian sleep-wake types

TIP 31: Customize shiftwork lifestyle information for your specific schedule

TIP 32: Make training mandatory for all new shiftwork employees

TIP 33: Solicit ideas and tips from other shiftworkers

TIP 34: Consider providing an employee newsletter for shiftworkers

PART V Shift Scheduling

TIP 35: Determine the biocompatibility of your schedule

TIP 36: Determine the social compatibility of your shift schedule

TIP 37: Support employee initiatives to explore schedule alternatives

TIP 38: Incorporate both shiftworker desires and business needs
in the schedule selection process

TIP 39: Use a schedule selection process designed to achieve an educated consensus

TIP 40: Evaluate compressed work weeks and 12-hour shifts with an open mind

TIP 41: Avoid mandating or imposing scheduling change

TIP 42: Determine the optimal shift starting times

TIP 43: Identify the true shift change time

TIP 44: Provide scheduled time for communication and team building

PART VI Overtime Management

TIP 45: Be aware of the true cost of overtime

TIP 46: Determine the proper staffing levels to manage overtime

TIP 47: Involve shiftworkers in the responsible management of overtime

TIP 48: Avoid double shifts

TIP 49: Ration the overtime hogs

TIP 50: Watch out for overtime abuses

TIP 51: Know the informal arrangements and overtime practices

PART VII Health Care & Wellness Management

TIP 52: Ensure the company medical staff has up-to-date knowledge of
sleep disorders and shift maladaptation syndrome

TIP 53: Review your medical claims to determine incidence of
shiftworker health problems

TIP 54: Provide individual counseling sessions for each shiftworker every two years

TIP 55: Develop screening procedures to identify and help support shiftworkers
with adaptation problems

TIP 56: Use an objective screening procedure to evaluate claims of
shiftwork incompatibility

TIP 57: Help shiftworkers manage their nutrition

TIP 58: Provide cafeteria coverage for all shifts

TIP 59: Supply the plant vending machines with light, digestible food alternatives

TIP 60: Provide refrigerators and microwaves to increase shiftwork food options

PART VIII Driving Safety

TIP 61: Increase awareness of the greatest safety risk of shiftwork
operations — the drive home in a fatigued condition

TIP 62: Understand the legal liability that your company, and you personally,
are facing

TIP 63: Intervene when fatigue-impaired employees are about to drive home

TIP 64: Create an area where excessively fatigued employees can nap before
driving home

TIP 65: Screen for excessive fatigue risk at the end of a shift before
your shiftworkers drive home

TIP 66: Help night shiftworkers to protect their eyes from excessive light intensity
and glare on the drive home

TIP 67: Encourage car pools

PART IX Sleep Management

TIP 68: Develop a sleep management culture

TIP 69: Manage rather than ban napping

TIP 70: Train management and shiftworkers on how to use
brief 15- to 20-minute naps to boost alertness

TIP 71: Establish a napping facility to allow shiftworkers a place
to have a brief controlled nap

PART X Family & Social Support

TIP 72: Help employees organize and negotiate child care arrangements

TIP 73: Invite families and spouses to the plant for special family days

TIP 74: Help organize and support social activities for single shiftworkers

TIP 75: Negotiate with local colleges to provide educational/degree programs
to fit shiftworker hours

TIP 76: Encourage a phone network for lonely shiftwork spouses or partners

TIP 77: Heighten your vigilance on drug and alcohol abuse

TIP 78: Encourage shiftworker teams to be responsible for shift-swapping
coverage arrangements

PART XI Shiftworker Support

TIP 79: Provide support services round-the-clock, 7 days a week

TIP 80: Schedule training and informational meetings to cover all shifts

TIP 81: Schedule company outings/functions with the shiftworker in mind

TIP 82: Give your employees a tool for keeping track of work and family schedules

PART XII Work Design

TIP 83: Cross-train wherever possible and rotate jobs to break up
continuous work routines

TIP 84: Identify the times when your shiftwork crews are most vulnerable
to fatigue, and help them through those times successfully

TIP 85: Review work flow to eliminate sensitive tasks at times when alertness
is most reduced

TIP 86: Create interactive opportunities to sustain alertness at night

TIP 87: Be realistic about monotonous jobs

PART XIII The Workplace Environment

TIP 88: Provide opportunities for muscular activity in sedentary jobs

TIP 89: Keep the workplace cool

TIP 90: Check out the light levels in your nighttime workplace

TIP 91: Identify and eliminate sources of glare and reflection

TIP 92: Install bright lighting systems in critical safety sensitive areas

TIP 93: Allow radios, with an emergency cut-off

TIP 94: Incorporate human design specs into equipment purchases

TIP 95: Strike the right balance between comfort and stimulation

TIP 96: Install aroma stimulation systems

PART XIV Measurement of Alertness

TIP 97: Measure employee alertness levels to document progress
in the alertness assurance process

TIP 98: Approach alertness testing with a win-win attitude

TIP 99: Understand the limits of alertness testing

TIP 100: Be careful of which testing device you choose

TIP 101: Monitor human alertness

Shiftwork Benchmark Questionnaire

Shiftwork Myths and the Facts Behind Them

APPENDICES

I The $77-Billion Challenge

II Shiftwork and Marriage

III Lifestyle Training

IV Management Initiatives

V Glossary of Shiftwork Terms

About the Author

Resource Guide

Abstract

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