Piezoelectric Crystals and Crystal Devices Report : Market Research Report

Piezoelectric Crystals and Crystal Devices Report

Published by: Innovative Research and Products (iRAP), Inc.

Published: Jun. 1, 2008 - 196 Pages

INTRODUCTION: STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES; CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY; SCOPE AND FORMAT; METHODOLOGY; INFORMATION SOURCES; TARGET AUDIENCE FOR THE STUDY; AUTHOR’S CREDENTIALS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET SIZE AND SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL DEVICES BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2007 AND 2012; SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL DEVICES BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2007 AND 2012
INDUSTRY OVERVIEW: TABLE 1 LEADING MANUFACTURERS OF PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTALS AND DEVICES IN NORTH AMERICA; TABLE 2 LEADING MANUFACTURERS OF PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTALS AND DEVICES IN JAPAN; TABLE 3 LEADING MANUFACTURERS OF PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTALS AND DEVICES IN EUROPE; TABLE 4 LEADING MANUFACTURERS OF PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTALS AND DEVICES IN THE REST OF THE WORLD
TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW: TABLE 5 PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES; FIGURE 1 ILLUSTRATION OF CRYSTAL SHOWING THE B-M SYSTEM; FIGURE 2 CROSS-SECTION OF A CRYSTAL SHOWING THE ORTHOGONAL SYSTEM; FIGURE 3 QUARTZ CYRSTAL STUCTURE, I.R.E. AXES AND ANGLES, AND PRINCIPAL CUTS; TABLE 6 RECOMMENDED ELEMENT VS. FREQUENCY RANGE; FIGURE 4 AT-CUT QUARTZ CRYSTAL; TABLE 7 PROPERTIES OF VARIOUS PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTALS; FIGURE 5 MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF CRYSTAL BLANKS; FIGURE 6 STRUCTURAL AND OPEARTIONAL PRINCIPLE OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE TECHNOLOGY; TABLE 8 EXPLANATION OF PARAMETERS USED IN SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE (SAW) DEVICES; TABLE 9 SAW MATERIALS; FIGURE 7 STRUCTURAL PRINCIPLE OF BULK ACOUSTIC WAVE TECHNOLOGY; TABLE 10 COMMONLY USED CRYSTAL FREQUENCIES; TABLE 11 EXPLANATION OF CRYSTAL DEVICE PARAMETERS; TABLE 12 COMPARISON OF CRYSTAL RESONATORS; FIGURE 8 ELECTRICAL EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT OF PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL; TABLE 13 TYPICAL FREQUENCY STANDARD OF CRYSTALS UNITS USED IN CRYSTAL WATCHES (FREQUENCY-32.768 KHZ); FIGURE 9 MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF CRYSTAL RESONATORS; FIGURE 10 CONSTRUCTIONAL PRINCIPLE OF SAW RESONATOR; FIGURE 11 CONSTRUCTIONAL PRINCIPLE OF ATOMIC FREQUENCY OSCILLATORS; TABLE 14 HIERARCHY OF OSCILLATORS; FIGURE 12 CONSTRUCTION PRINCIPLE OF SAW FILTERS; FIGURE 13 COMPARISON OF SAW BANDPASS FILTERS WITH DIELECTRIC RESONATORS AND LC MULTILAYER FILTERS; TABLE 15 COMPARISON OF SAW BAND PASS FILTER WITH QUARTZ AND OTHER TECHNOLOGIES; FIGURE 14 BAND PASS FILTER SPECIFICATION PARAMETERS; TABLE 16 TYPICAL SPACE REQUIREMENTS OF PIEZO CRYSTAL DEVICES/SAW IN MOBILE PHONES; TABLE 16 TYPICAL SPACE REQUIREMENTS OF PIEZO CRYSTAL DEVICES/SAW IN MOBILE PHONES; TABLE 17 EXPLANATION OF TERMINOLOGIES RELATED TO SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE (SAW) SENSORS; TABLE 18 COMPARISON OF ACOUSTIC SENSORS; FIGURE 15 PIEZOCRYSTAL CUTS FOR SENSOR APPLICATIONS; TABLE 19 EXPLANATION OF PARAMETERS USED IN PIEZO-CRYSTAL ACCELERATOR; FIGURE 16 COMPARISON OF SAW AND STW TECHNOLOGIES; TABLE 20 EXPLANATION OF TECHNICAL PARAMETERS RELATED TO PIEZO-CRYSTAL OPTICAL DEVICES; FIGURE 17 ACOUSTO-OPTIC MODULATOR
MARKET ANALYSIS: TABLE 21 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL DEVICES BY PRODUCT SEGMENT, 2007 AND 2012; TABLE 22 MARKET OF PIEZO-CRYSTAL DEVICES BY PRODUCT CATEGORY; FIGURE 18 MARKET OF PIEZO-CRYTALS DEVICES BY PRODUCTS; FIGURE 19 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL DEVICES BY PRODUCT TYPE, 2007 AND 2012; TABLE 23 MARKET FOR PIEZO-CRYSTAL RESONATORS, 2007-2012; TABLE 24 MARKET FOR PIEZO-CRYSTAL OSCILLATORS, 2007-2012; TABLE 25 MARKET FOR PIEZO-CRYSTAL REAL TIME CLOCK MODULES, 2007-2012; TABLE 26 MARKET FOR PIEZO-CRYSTAL FILTERS, 2007-2012; TABLE 27 MARKET FOR PIEZO-CRYSTAL ACCELERATORS AND SENSORS, 2007-2012; TABLE 28 MARKET FOR PIEZO-CRYSTAL OPTICAL DEVICES, 2007-2012; TABLE 29 MARKET FOR PIEZO-CRYSTAL DEVICES ADOPTING ACOUSTIC WAVE TECHNOLOGY BY PREFERENCE FOR WAFER MATERIALS USED IN 2007 AND FORECAST USE THROUGH 2012; TABLE 30 MARKET FOR PIEZO-CRYSTAL DEVICES USING CONVENTIONAL TECHNOLOGY BY PREFERENCE OF MATERIALS USED IN 2007 AND FORECAST FOR 2012; TABLE 31 GLOBAL MARKET OF PIEZO-CRYSTAL DEVICES BY MATERIAL USED (SAW PROCESS + CONVENTIONAL PROCESS), 2007 & FORECAST FOR 2012; FIGURE 20 GLOBAL MARKET OF PIEZO-CRYSTAL DEVICES BY MATERIAL USED (SAW PROCESS AND CONVENTIONAL PROCESS), 2007 & FORECAST FOR 2012; TABLE 32 BREAKUP OF PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL FREQUENCY DEVICES BY APPLICATION, 2007 AND 2012; FIGURE 21 BREAKUP OF PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL FREQUENCY DEVICES BY APPLICATION, 2007 AND 2012; TELECOMMUNICATIONS APPLICATIONS; TABLE 33 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL DEVICES BY REGION, 2007 AND 2012; FIGURE 22 GLOBAL MARKET SIZE/PERCENTAGE SHARE FOR PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTAL DEVICES BY REGION, 2007 AND 2012
INDUSTRY STRUCTURE: TABLE 34 TOP COMPANIES SHARING THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR PIEZO-CRYSTAL BASED DEVICES THROUGH 2007; TABLE 35 PIEZO-CRYSTAL MATERIAL (WAFERS AND CRYSTALS) TOP SUPPLIERS PRODUCT LINE REFERENCE; TABLE 36 ACQUISITION DEALS AMONG MANUFACTURERS OF PIEZOELECTRIC DEVICES FROM 2000 TO 2007; TABLE 37 PIEZO-CRYSTAL DEVICES SUPPLIERS PRODUCT LINE REFERENCE
PATENTS AND PATENT ANALYSIS: PATENT ANALYSIS; TABLE 38 NUMBER OF US PATENTS GRANTED TO EIGHTEEN COMPANIES MANUFACTURING PIEZO-CRYSTAL DEVICES, 2003 THROUGH NOVEMBER 2007; FIGURE 23 FIRST NINE COMPANIES BY NUMBER OF PATENTS GRANTED FOR PIEZO-CRYSTAL DEVICES, JAN. 2003 TO NOV. 2007; FIGURE 24 REMAINING COMPANIES BY NUMBER OF PATENTS GRANTED FOR PIEZOELECTRIC DEVICES, JAN. 2003 TO NOV. 2007; TABLE 39 US PATENTS GRANTED BY ASSIGNED COUNTRY/REGION FOR PIEZO-CRYSTAL DEVICES FROM JAN. 2003 TO NOV. 2007
COMPANY PROFILES: ABRACON CORPORATION.; ADVANCED CRYSTAL TECHNOLOGY; AEL CRYSTALS,USA; BLILEY TECHNOLOGIES, INC.; CITIZEN COMPONENT SALES DIVISION; COLORADO CRYSTAL CORPORATION; CONNOR-WINFIELD CORPORATION; CRADLEY CRYSTAL, RUSSIA; CROVEN CRYSTALS; CRYSTAL TECHNOLOGY, INC.; CTS CORPORATION; DAISHINKU CORP (KDS); ECLIPTEK CORPORATION; ECS INTERNATIONAL; EPCOS AG; EPSON TOYOCOM; EUROQUARTZ LIMITED; FOMOS-MATERIALS; FOX ELECTRONICS (U.S.); FUJITSU MEDIA DEVICES LIMITED; FREQUENCY ELECTRONICS, INC.; H. C. JAUCH, GERMANY (SAME AS JAUCH.DE); H.ELE., TAIWAN; HOFFMAN MATERIALS, INC.; ILSI AMERICA; INTERNATIONAL CRYSTAL MANUFACTURING; KRISTALL-RUSSIA; KVG QUARTZ CRYSTAL TECHNOLOGY GMBH; KYOCERA KEINSKI; MAGIC XTAL LTD; MATSUSHITA ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS CO., LTD.; MERCURY UNITED ELECTRONICS, INC; MICRO CRYSTAL; MORION INC.; MMD COMPONENTS; MMC ELECTRONICS AMERICA; MTI-MILLIREN TECHNOLOGIES INC.; MURATA MANUFACTURING CO., LTD.; MTRONPTI; INTERNATIONAL DIVISION; NDK; NEC CORPORATION; OKI SYSTEMS (UK) LTD; OSCILLOQUARTZ SA; PERICOM; PHONON INCORPORATED; QUARTZDYNE INC.; QUARTEX; RODITI INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION LTD.; RAKON LTD; RAMI TECHNOLOGY GROUP; RF MONOLITHICS, USA; RIVER ELECTRONICS (SINGAPORE) PTE.LTD.; SAMSUNG ELECTRO-MECHANICS; SAWYER TECHNICAL MATERIALS, LLC; SHENZHEN JINGYUAN PRECISION FREQUENCY DEVICE CORP. LTD; SHIN-ETSU CHEMICAL CO., LTD; SHENZHEN CRYSTAL TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRIAL CO.,LTD.; SIWARD INTERNATIONAL, INC.; TAI-SAW TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.; TAITIEN ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.; TEMEX SAS; TXC TAIWAN; TEW; VALPEY-FISHER CORPORATION; VECTRON INTERNATIONAL; VISHAY INTERTECHNOLOGY, INC.; WENZEL ASSOCIATES, INC.; WILCOXON RESEARCH, INC.; XECO INC.
APPENDIX I - SPECIFICS OF SELECTED KEY IEEE NETWORKS: TABLE 40 SUMMARY OF THE SPECIFICS OF SELECTED KEY IEEE WIRELESS LAN (LOCAL AREA NETWORK), MANS (MUNICIPAL AREA NETWORK), AND PANS (PERSONAL AREA NETWORK)
APPENDIX II - FREQUENCY SPECTRUM ALLOCATION IN PROTOCOLS: TABLE 41 FREQUENCY SPECTRUM ALLOCATION IN JIGBEE/BLUETOOTH/WI-FI PROTOCOLS
APPENDIX III - TERMS USED IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION: TABLE 42 EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Abstract

The markets for piezoelectric crystal products are characterized by price competition, rapid technological change, short product life cycles, and heightened global competition. Due to the increasing requirements for high-speed, high-frequency components as well as the entry of new competitors to the large market, there is intensified competition among existing crystal device suppliers..

The global piezoelectric crystal industry has gone through several boom-and-bust cycles. However, in the last five years, several applications have emerged for piezoelectric materials because of the new revolution in wireless and wire line communications. Markets have boomed in these areas especially for piezoelectric crystals. In addition, new developments in piezoelectric ceramics and ceramic/polymer composites have evolved new applications and markets. However, piezoelectric quartz crystals and crystal devices still hold a large market segment, and with the boom in the wireless industry, the average market growth rate reached double digits in the last five years.

STUDY GOAL AND OBJECTIVES

This study focuses on key piezoelectric crystal devices and provides data about the size and growth of the piezoelectric crystal devices markets, company profiles and industry trends. The goal of this report is to provide a detailed and comprehensive multi-client study of the markets in North America, Europe, Japan, China, Korea and the rest of the world (ROW) for piezoelectric crystal devices, as well as potential business opportunities in the future. The report covers the global market, industry structure, competition, profiles of leading manufacturing companies, and a patent analysis.

The objectives include thorough coverage of underlying economic issues driving the piezoelectric crystal device business, as well as assessments of new, advanced piezoelectric crystal devices that are being developed. Another important objective is to provide realistic market data and forecasts for piezoelectric crystal devices. This study provides the most thorough and up-to-date assessment that can be found anywhere on the subject. The study also provides extensive quantification of the many important facets of worldwide market development in piezoelectric devices. This, in turn, contributes to a determination of the kinds of strategic responses companies may adopt in order to compete in these dynamic markets.

Users of piezoelectric crystal devices in developed markets must contend with twin pressures: to innovate and, at the same time, to reduce costs. New applications for piezoelectric crystal devices have been proposed in recent years. This study condenses all of these business related issues and opportunities.

This report has been prepared to:

provide an overview of the various piezoelectric quartz crystals and devices, and their production technologies and applications;
identify the technological and business issues related to the commercial applications of piezoelectric quartz crystals and crystal devices;
analyze the domestic and foreign competition among companies within each segment of the market for piezoelectric quartz crystals and devices;
determine the current size and future growth of the markets for piezoelectric quartz crystals and devices;
determine the current size and future growth of the markets for piezoelectric non-quartz single crystals;
ascertain which piezoelectric technologies and applications will be winners until the year 2012;
identify and profile Japanese, European, North American, Chinese, Korean and “rest of world” producers and suppliers of piezoelectric crystals and crystal devices.

REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY

The piezoelectric devices market is a diversified but attractive and still-growing multi-billion dollar market characterized by very high production volumes of a diversified range of piezoelectric devices that must be both extremely reliable and low in cost. Growth in the piezoelectric devices market continues to be driven by increasing demands in camera phones for autofocus mechanisms, piezo-transformers, energy harvesting devices, data storage, semiconductors, microelectronics production, precision mechanics, life science and medical technology, optics, photonics, nano-metrology, robots, toys, HVAC control systems, hand held consumer electronic devices, automotives sensors, ultrasonic transducers for medical imaging and non-destructive testing and vibration related applications, structure health monitoring, ultrasonic welding and cleaning, ceramic resonators for mobile phones and devices used for information and communication technologies.

The diversified piezoelectric crystal and crystal device business is complex and fast moving, with manufacturers increasingly adopting a truly global view of the market. Traditional piezoelectric devices have a broad customer base, and new applications have also emerging for these devices.

With this background of new emerging applications, iRAP felt a need to conduct a detailed study and update technology developments and markets. The report identifies and evaluates piezoelectric crystals and crystal devices and technologies which show potential growth.

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY

Traditional piezoelectric crystal devices have a broad customer base, as frequency control devices and new applications such as sensors and optical devices are potential areas that have now entered the mainstream and are showing significant sales volumes. The diversified piezoelectric crystal device business is complex and fast moving, with manufacturers increasingly adopting a truly global view of the market. With this background of new emerging technologies and applications, iRAP felt a need to conduct a detailed study and update technology developments and markets.

The study covers the markets, materials, synthesis and fabrication techniques, and new developments in piezoelectric crystals and crystal devices, current and emerging applications, and a market analysis. Current size and future growth of the markets are estimated for the period 2007 to 2012. The report analyzes the competitive environment within each of the market segments and applications. The report profiles all leading global suppliers of piezoelectric quartz and non-quartz crystals and crystal devices.

SCOPE AND FORMAT

Three market segments have been analyzed - frequency control devices (quartz crystals, crystal oscillators, crystal filters SAW devices); sensor devices (accelerometers, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, quartz crystal microbalances); and optical devices (optical low pass filters). In addition to these we have provided market numbers for cultured quartz crystals and lumbered bars.

The qualitative and quantitative judgments embodied in this report are a valuable contribution to the current knowledge of piezoelectric quartz crystals, crystal devices. Moreover, this study has been conducted at a vital stage of the quartz crystal device industry, as decisions are to be made by a number of companies on their future strategies of expansion and reorientation due to the shift from the military to the commercial market.

TO WHOM THE STUDY CATERS

The study will benefit the existing manufacturers of piezoelectric actuators, ultrasonic motors, sensors, transducers, transformers, resonators and micro- energy harvesting devices that seek to expand revenues and market opportunities by expanding and diversify in vast applications of devices.

This report is directed to various types of companies that are interested in the developments in this field, such as:

companies involved in the development, manufacturing and supplying of advanced materials;
companies involved in the development, manufacturing and supplying of electronic devices;
manufacturers of cultured quartz crystals and lumbered bars;
manufacturers and suppliers of piezoelectric elements and devices;
manufacturers of telecommunication equipment and cellular telephones;.
companies involved in smart materials, nanotechnology and MEMS devices;
manufacturers of advanced materials and electronic components interested in diversification; and
venture capital companies, angel investors and financial institutions interested in new and attractive investments.

REPORT SUMMARY

The emergence of wireless communications and the increased need for data transmission using wireline communications has created a booming market for piezoelectric quartz crystals and crystal devices. Several new industrial and consumer applications have emerged, steering the industry from over-dependence on military demand to commercial applications.

In high bandwidth systems, data transfer needs to be synchronized, creating a high demand for timing products. Crystal devices provide the precise timing signals needed to ensure reliable data transfer at high speeds in applications ranging from notebook computers to network switches. As systems continue to grow in processing power and complexity, the demand for these products will accelerate. The demand for higher precision will also continue to increase as timing margins shrink in higher bandwidth systems. New high-end cell phone applications require low voltage, small packages and very low resistance to provide the highest fidelity sound. These mobile phones also offer functions beyond simple voice communication, including PDAs, digital still cameras and digital media players, with very low power consumption for extended battery life and increased need for coordination among functions.

The continuing increase in electronic sophistication, as well as the penetration and proliferation of electronic products into new consumer and commercial applications, puts new demands on frequency control devices. This creates both technological challenges and new business opportunities for products offering faster speeds, higher stability relative to temperature, smaller surface-mountable packaging and lower unit cost.

In the 1980s, Japan was the world leader in mass-produced piezoelectric crystals and crystal devices. However, in the later part of the 1990s, the balance shifted, with China and Korea taking over the low-end products. Japan still supplies the expensive and high-end products. At present, Japan and Korea are supplying quartz devices for microprocessor products and extended temperature products. China is supplying large quantities of low end products for such application as toys and games.

Major findings of this report are:

The major findings of this report can be summarized as follows:

The global piezoelectric crystal industry is characterized by over 450 companies involved in the industry as manufacturers and suppliers.
The 2007 global market is expected to reach $4.8 billion and will increase further to $6.91 billion by the year 2012, with an annual average growth rate of 7.5%.
Among the seven market segments of piezoelectric crystal frequency control devices, telecommunication has the largest market share, as much as 30%, followed by consumer applications including video games, audio, visual and amusement (20%), computing (17%), military and government (10%), automotive (9%), industrial (8%), and medical (6%).
During 2007, crystal units (resonators) and filters shared 62% of the total market, followed by oscillators and real time clock modules (32%). Sensors and optical devices market shares are about 3% each.
Acoustic wave technologies account for 21.4% of the devices made from crystal wafers.
In 2007, Japan has the highest market share of 50%, followed by North America with 20%, Europe with 15%, China with 8%, and the rest of the world with 7%. By 2012, China’s share will be 11%, positioning it close to Europe with 13% share of the global market.

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Piezoelectric Crystals and Crystal Devices Report

Table of Contents

Abstract