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Content exchange and piracy: New practices, new tools

Published by: IDATE

Published: Feb. 1, 2008 - 57 Pages


Table of Contents


1. The Internet and the era of circumvention

2. Content piracy: the value chain

3. Acquiring and processing content

3.1. Acquiring content

3.1.1. Physical media

Case study: the Warez community

3.1.2. "Live" sources

Case study: Total Recorder

3.2. Modifying content

3.2.1. Re-encoding content

3.2.2. Subtitling audiovisual programmes

4. Illegal content exchange and distribution platforms

4.1. Decentralised content storage: public P2P exchanges

4.1.1. Main P2P networks

Case study: BitTorrent

4.1.2. Innovation on P2P networks

Protecting P2 exchanges

Streaming P2P for redirecting TV channel feeds

4.2. Decentralised content storage: private P2P exchanges

4.2.1. Closed exchange networks

Establishing a private virtual network between users

Case study: Hamachi

Establishing a permanent closed network

Case study: Tribal Web

4.2.2. Exchanges via instant messaging

Case study: Pando

4.3. Hosted content exchange

4.3.1. Newsgroups (Usenet)

4.3.2. Video sharing platforms

4.3.3. Stock&Share sites

Case study: RapidShare

4.4. Illegal content web referencing

4.4.1. Blogs and links sites

4.4.2. Forums

4.4.3. Groups

4.4.4. Search engines for Stock&Share sites

4.4.5. Referencing of Torrent links

4.4.6. Directories for streaming programmes online

5. Measuring components

P2P exchanges continue to grow…

…to the benefit of BitTorrent in particular

Stock&Share sites are growing at a rapid rate

Newsgroups are still largely restricted to experienced users…

…but users of newsgroups are using them increasingly for exchanging content

Content Exchange and Piracy

8 2007 Edition © IDATE

The number of private exchanges is also massive…

…and physical media continue to play an important role

6. Countering illegal content exchange

6.1. Clarifying the legal issues

6.1.1. International treaties

WIPO treaties (World Intellectual Property Organization)

The Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)

The European Union Copyright Directive (EUCD)

6.1.2. The French DADVSI Law (Copyright and related rights in the information society)

6.2. Technical responses

6.2.1. Marking and identifying content

Watermarking

Fingerprinting

6.2.2. Protection of physical media

CDs

DVDs

The analogue hole

6.3. Where is DRM now?

Gradual abandonment of DRM in the music world

DRM, hostilities in video gaming

Audiovisual world: technical tools for advertising

6.4. Conclusion

Shifts in the value chain: towards a user centric model

A variety of offers on an assortment of devices

Innovative business models must prove viable

Transfer of added-value to services

List of Tables

Table 1: Main P2P networks and associated client-server software

Table 2: Overview of services for redirecting feeds from TV channels

Table 3: Features overview

Table 4: Hamachi's tariffs

Table 5: Features overview

Table 6: Usenetserver tariffs (depending on commitment)

Table 7: RapidShare Features overview

Table 8: RapidShare technical features, for both business models (data as at 11/07/2007)

Table 9: RapidShare download-links locations

Table 10: RapidShare Search process

Table 11: Share of Internet homes using at least one P2P application in the previous three months

Table 12: The top 100 binaries Usenet groups according to daily unique access - 20 November 2007

List of figures

Figure 1: Piracy value chain

Figure 2: Typology of the main platforms used for hosting and exchanging illegal content

Figure 3: Sending attachments using the standard version

Figure 4: Rise in download requests on MiniNova

Figure 5: Changes in the number of visits to mininova.org sites

Figure 6: Changes in the number of visits to the rapidshare.com and megaupload.com sites over a 12-month period (percent of daily pageviews)

Figure 7: Changes in the number of visits to the rslinks.org site over a 12-month period (percent of daily pageviews)

Figure 8: Daily traffic on Usenet servers (Gigabytes)

Figure 9: Changes in the number of posts per quarter for the top 2 500 "alt.binaries" newsgroups

Figure 10: Medialive’s solution

Figure 11: INA Signature solution: operating mode

Figure 12: Move Networks solution for distributing content in catch up TV mode

Abstract

Content exchange online is evolving profoundly. P2P solutions are constantly being perfected. New platforms, such as news groups, stock & share platforms and video sharing sites, are developing at a rapid pace and private solutions, such as closed communities and the use of instant messaging, are now becoming more available.

The piracy ecosystem is complex: it combines specialists in the acquisition and distribution of content; legal technologies which are distorted for illegal exchange; and an extensive community dynamic.

All the indicators seem to imply that the level of illegal exchange continues to grow, in spite of being more complex to measure. However, growth is observed in the different levers for countering piracy: clarification of legal status, evolving “competitive” pay offerings, and especially fingerprinting solutions that make Digital Rights Management more credible. Some illegal sites are consequently opting to develop legal solutions.

IDATE’s report presents the added-value chain of content exchange on the Internet, technical innovations and key players based on a number of case studies. It offers components for measuring piracy and sets out the main tools for countering illegal exchange. It concludes by describing the challenges facing the content and telecommunications industries in the fight against piracy.

Please Note:The online download version is for a one to five user license.

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