Geosynthetics: Materials, Applications and Markets

Published by: BCC Research

Published: Mar. 1, 2008

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION

STUDY BACKGROUND

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

INTENDED AUDIENCE

SCOPE OF REPORT

METHODOLOGY AND INFORMATION SOURCES

ANALYST CREDENTIALS

RELATED BCC RESEARCH

BCC ONLINE SERVICES

DISCLAIMER

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

SUMMARY TABLE U.S. GEOSYNTHETICS MARKET, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)

SUMMARY FIGURE U.S. GEOSYNTHETICS MARKET BY FUNCTION, 2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)

GEOSYNTHETICS OVERVIEW

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF GEOSYNTHETICS

DEFINITIONS

Geosynthetics

Geotechnical Structures

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT

TYPES OF GEOSYNTHETICS

Geotextiles

Geonets/Geogrids

Geomembranes

Geocomposites

Other Types of Geosynthetics

Geocells

Geofoams

Geocombs

Geopipes

FUNCTIONS

TABLE 1 GEOSYNTHETICS FUNCTIONS

Soil Reinforcement

Soil Separation

Filtration

Drainage

Fluid/Gas Containment

Erosion Control

GENERAL ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF

GEOSYNTHETICS

GEOSYNTHETICS MARKETS

TABLE 2 US GEOSYNTHETICS MARKET BY TYPE OF MATERIAL, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 1 U.S. GEOSYNTHETICS MARKET TRENDS, 2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 2 TRENDS IN MARKET SHARES OF DIFFERENT GEOSYNTHETICS, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL SALES)

FIGURE 2 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 3 ANNUAL SALES OF OTHER GEOSYNTHETICS BY END USE, 2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 3 (CONTINUED)

FIGURE 3 TRENDS IN GEOSYNTHETIC MARKET BY END-USER SEGMENT 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL SALES)

FIGURE 3 (CONTINUED)

TRENDS IN MAJOR GEOSYNTHETIC END-USER MARKETS, 2007-2013

TRANSPORT

ROADS AND HIGHWAYS

Geosynthetics Applications

Reinforcement

Separation

Filtration

Drainage

Erosion Control

Current Situation

TABLE 4 U.S. HIGHWAY EXPENDITURES, TRHROUGH 2005 ($ BILLIONS)

TABLE 5 EXTENT OF U.S. ROAD AND HIGHWAY NETWORK, 2001-2006 (MILES)

Future Prospects

TABLE 6 US HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION EXPENDITURES, 2007-2013 ($ BILLIONS)

FIGURE 4 TRENDS IN TOTAL U.S. HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION EXPENDITURES, 2007-2013 ($ BILLIONS)

RAILROADS

Geosynthetics Applications in Railroads

Reinforcement

Embankment Reinforcement

Separation

Ballast Stabilization

Current Status

FIGURE 5 OWNERSHIP OF U.S. RAILWAY TRACKS, 2006 (% OF TOTAL TRACK MILEAGE)

FIGURE 6 TRENDS IN TRACK RELATED RAILROAD INCIDENTS/ACCIDENTS, 1995-2005 (NUMBER AND RATE PER MILLION TRAIN MILES)

Market Prospects

FIGURE 7 U.S. RAILROAD AND RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEM EXPENDITURES ON TRACK AND RELATED STUCTURES, 2005 (%)

TABLE 7 EXPENDITURES ON RAILWAY TRACK NEW CONSTRUCTION AND REHABILITATION, 2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 8 U.S. RAILROAD AND RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEM EXPENDITURES ON TRACK AND RELATED STRUCTURES, 2013 (%)

AIRPORTS

Potential Geosynthetics Applications

Reinforcement

Runways and Taxiways

Runway Embankments

Drainage

De-Icing Facilities

Current Status

Future Prospects

TABLE 8 RUNWAY CONSTRUCTION EXPENDITURES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 9 TRENDS IN EXPENDITURES ON AIRPORT RUNWAY CONSTRUCTION, 2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)

FLOOD CONTROL

POTENTIAL GEOSYNTHETICS APPLICATIONS

Reinforcement

Levee Strengthening

Containment

Waterproofing Dams

CURRENT STATUS

Levees

FIGURE 10 NUMBERS OF AT-RISK LEVEES BY STATE, 2007 (NUMBER OF LEVEES)

FIGURE 10 (CONTINUED)

Dams

FIGURE 11 OWNERSHIP OF U.S. DAMS, 2007 (%)

Future Prospects

TABLE 9 TOTAL U.S. SPENDING ON FLOOD CONTROL DAMS AND LEVEES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)

Levees

TABLE 10 PUBLIC SPENDING ON LEVEE REHABILITATION AND CONSTRUCTION, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)

Dams

TABLE 11 TOTAL PUBLIC SPENDING ON DAM SAFETY, REHABILITATION, AND CONSTRUCTION, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)

WASTE MANAGEMENT

MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE

Geosynthetics Applications

Reinforcement

Separation

Filtration

Drainage

Containment

Erosion Control

Other Contributions of Geosynthetics to Landfills

Current Status

FIGURE 12 TRENDS IN DISCARDS TO U.S. LANDFILLS, 1980-2006 (TONS)

FIGURE 13 TRENDS IN THE NUMBER OF U.S .MSW LANDFILLS, 1996-2006 (NUMBER OF LANDFILLS)

Future Prospects

FIGURE 14 ANNUAL LANDFILL CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY, 1996-2006 (AVERAGE NUMBER OF LANDFILLS CLOSED, OPENED, OR MODIFIED)

FIGURE 15 TRENDS IN TOTAL AND AVERAGE LANDFILL CAPACITY, 1990 AND 2006

WASTEWATER

Wastewater (Continued)

Geosynthetics Applications

Containment

Anaerobic Lagoon Cover Systems

Lagoon Liner Systems

Current Conditions

Future Prospects

TABLE 12 U.S. INVESTMENTS IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES, THROUGH FY 2013

FIGURE 16 TRENDS IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT INVESTMENTS, FY 2007-FY 2013 ($ MILLIONS)

INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT

Geosynthetics Applications

Current Status

FIGURE 17 INDUSTRY SEGMENTS’ SHARES OF WATER POLLUTION

ABATEMENT EXPENDITURES (% OF TOTAL INDUSTRY EXPENDITURES)

Future Prospects

FIGURE 18 TRENDS IN INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT EXPENDITURES, 2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)

HAZARDOUS WASTES

Geosynthetic Applications

Containment

Drainage

Surface Water

Leachate

Current Status

FIGURE 19 TRENDS IN HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL IN LANDFILLS/SURFACE IMPOUNDMENTS, 1995-2005 (THOUSAND TONS/% OF TOTAL HAZARDOUS WASTES)

Future Prospects

TABLE 13 U.S. HAZARDOUS WASTE CONTAINMENT CAPITAL COSTS ($ MILLIONS)

MINING

GEOSYNTHETICS APPLICATIONS

Containment

Heap Leach Pads

Evaporation Ponds

Tailings Dams

Reinforcement

Mine Supports

Access Roads

Stockpiles

Remediation and Reclamation

Remediation

Reclamation

CURRENT STATUS

FIGURE 20 TRENDS IN U.S. PRODUCTION OF METAL ORES, 2002-2006 (2002 = 100)

FIGURE 21 COMPOSITION OF U.S. MINING WASTES, 2006 (% OF TOTAL)

FIGURE 22 TRENDS IN MINE RECLAMATION BOND RELEASES, 2002-2006 (NUMBER OF ACRES RELEASED)

FUTURE PROSPECTS

FIGURE 23 TRENDS IN NUMBER OF NEW FEDERAL MINING PERMITS ISSUED, 2003-2006

AGRICULTURE

LIVESTOCK

Geosynthetics Applications

Drainage

Fluid/Gas Containment

Livestock Waste Systems

Industry Conditions

TABLE 14 U.S. LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY POPULATION TRENDS, THROUGH 2006 (MILLION ANIMALS)

Future Prospects

Future Prospects (Continued)

IRRIGATION

Geosynthetic Applications

TABLE 15 IRRIGATION CANAL LINER PERFORMANCE COMPARISONS

Current Status

FIGURE 24 TRENDS IN ACRES OF U.S. FARMLAND IRRIGATED BY OPEN SURFACE CANALS AND DITCHES, 1998 AND 2003 (THOUSAND ACRES)

FIGURE 24 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 16 MILES OF OPEN SURFACE IRRIGATION CANALS AND DITCHES, THROUGH 2003

TABLE 17 U.S. EXPENDITURES ON MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF IRRIGATION FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2003 ($ MILLIONS)

Future Prospects

AQUACULTURE

Geosynthetics Applications

Current Status

FIGURE 25 TRENDS IN SALES OF U.S. AQAUCULTURE PRODUCTS, 1998 AND 2005 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 25 (CONTINUED)

FIGURE 26 TRENDS IN NUMBER OF U.S. AQUACULTURE FARMS AND AVERAGE SALES PER FARM, 1998 AND 2005 (UNITS/$)

FIGURE 27 TRENDS IN USE OF PONDS AND RACEWAYS IN U.S. AQUACULTURE, 1998 AND 2005 (NUMBER OF FARMS)

Future Prospects

PRIVATE CONSTRUCTION

GEOSYNTHETIC APPLICATIONS

Reinforcement

Retaining Walls

Seismic Protection

Separation

Below Grade Enclosures

Drainage/Filtration

Turf Drainage

Foundation Drainage

Containment

Gas Barriers

Erosion Control

Erosion Control Blankets

Turf Reinforcement Mats

CURRENT STATUS

FIGURE 28 TRENDS IN U.S. PRIVATE CONSTRUCTION SPENDING, 2001-2007 ($ BILLIONS)

FUTURE PROSPECTS

MARKET FOR GEOTEXTILES, 2007-2013

TYPES OF GEOTEXTILE

WOVEN GEOTEXTILES

NON-WOVEN GEOTEXTILES

GEOTEXTILE MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES

SYNTHETICS

TABLE 18 GEOTEXTILE POLYMER CHARACTERISTICS

NATURAL MATERIALS

TABLE 19 TYPES OF BIO-DEGRADABLE GEOTEXTILES

GEOTEXTILE APPLICATIONS

ROADS AND HIGHWAYS

Reinforcement

Separation

Drainage/Filtration

Erosion Control

RAILROAD TRACK CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE

Separation

AIRPORT RUNWAYS

FLOOD CONTROL

Reinforcement

WASTE MANAGEMENT

Separation

Geomembrane Liner Cushion

Filtration

Leachate Filtration

Sludge De-watering

Erosion Control

Landfill Reclamation

MINING

Separation

Reinforcement

Erosion Control

Capping and Sealing Waste Storage Facilities

Mine Site Reclamation

AGRICULTURE

Drainage

Cow Carpets

PRIVATE CONSTRUCTION

Reinforcement

Retaining Walls

Separation

Driveway Fabric

Below Grade Structures

Drainage/Filtration

Drain Filters

Erosion Control

Temporary Silt Fences

Erosion Control Blankets

Turf Reinforcement Mats

GEOTEXTILE MARKETS

TABLE 20 ANNUAL SALES OF GEOTEXTILES BY TYPE, THROUGH - 2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

TABLE 21 ANNUAL SALES OF NONWOVEN GEOTEXTILES, BY END USE, THROUGH 2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

TABLE 21 (CONTINUED)

FIGURE 29 U.S. GEOTEXTILES MARKET SHARES BY END-USER SEGMENT, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION IN $)

FIGURE 30 U.S. GEOTEXTILES MARKET SHARES BY FUNCTION, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION)

MARKET FOR GEOMEMBRANES, 2007-2013

TYPES OF GEOMEMBRANES

GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINERS

REINFORCED GEOMEMBRANES

PROPERTIES

TABLE 22 GEOMEMBRANE PROPERTIES

GEOMEMBRANE APPLICATIONS

FLOOD CONTROL

Containment

Waterproofing Dams

WASTE MANAGEMENT

Municipal Solid Waste

Containment

Wastewater

Containment

Anaerobic Lagoon Cover Systems

Lagoon Liner Systems

Hazardous Wastes

MINING

Containment

Heap Leach Pads

Evaporation Ponds

Tailings Dams

AGRICULTURE

Fluid/Gas Containment

Livestock Waste Systems

Irrigation

Containment

GEOMEMBRANE MARKETS

TABLE 23 ANNUAL SALES OF GEOMEMBRANES BY TYPE, 2007-2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/$ MILLION)

FIGURE 31 U.S. GEOMEMBRANE MARKET SHARES BY TYPE OF MATERIAL, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION IN $)

FIGURE 31 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 24 ANNUAL SALES OF GEOMEMBRANES BY END USE, 2007-2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

FIGURE 32 U.S. GEOMEMBRANE MARKET SHARES BY END-USER SEGMENT, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION IN $)

MARKET FOR GEONETS AND GEOGRIDS, 2007-2013

TYPES OF GEONETS AND GEOGRIDS

BI-AXIAL GEONETS AND GEOGRIDS

UNIAXIAL GEONETS AND GEOGRIDS

MATERIALS/FABRICATION

PROPERTIES

TABLE 25 KEY PROPERTIES OF GEOGRIDS

APPLICATIONS

ROADS AND HIGHWAYS

RAILROADS

AIRPORTS

Runways

Runway Embankments

FLOOD CONTROL

WASTE MANAGEMENT

MINING

Mine Roads

Mine Wall and Ceiling Supports

PRIVATE CONSTRUCTION

GEOGRID MARKETS

TABLE 26 ANNUAL SALES OF GEOGRIDS AND GEONETS BY TYPE, 2007-2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

TABLE 27 ANNUAL SALES OF GEOGRIDS AND GEONETS BY END USE, 2007-2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

FIGURE 33 U.S. GEOGRID MARKET SHARES BY END-USER SEGMENT, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION)

MARKET FOR GEOCOMPOSITES, 2007-2013

TYPES OF GEOCOMPOSITES

MATERIALS

PROPERTIES

TABLE 28 PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT GEOCOMPOSITE TYPES

APPLICATIONS

ROADS AND HIGHWAYS

WASTE MANAGEMENT

MINING

PRIVATE CONSTRUCTION

MARKETS

TABLE 29 ANNUAL SALES OF GEOCOMPOSITES, THROUGH 2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

TABLE 30 ANNUAL SALES OF GEOCOMPOSITES BY END USE, THROUGH 2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

FIGURE 34 U.S. GEOCOMPOSITE MARKET SHARES BY END-USER SEGMENT, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION)

MARKET FOR OTHER TYPES OF GEOSYNTHETICS, 2007-2013

TYPES

GEOCELLS

GEOFOAMS AND GEOCOMBS

GEOPIPES

MATERIALS

PROPERTIES

APPLICATIONS

SOIL REINFORCEMENT

DRAINAGE

MARKETS

TABLE 31 ANNUAL SALES OF OTHER GEOSYNTHETICS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

TABLE 32 ANNUAL SALES OF OTHER GEOSYNTHETICS BY END USE, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 35 U.S. GEOGRID MARKET SHARES BY END-USER SEGMENT, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION IN $)

FIGURE 35 (CONTINUED)

FIGURE 36 U.S. OTHER GEOSYNTHETICS MARKET SHARES BY FUNCTION, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION IN $)

FIGURE 36 (CONTINUED)

GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVES

FIGURE 37 GLOBAL MARKETS FOR GEOSYNTHETICS, 2007 (% OF TOTAL GLOBAL MARKET)

FIGURE 38 PROJECTED TRENDS IN GLOBAL GEOSYNTHETICS MARKET, 2007-2013 ($ BILLIONS)

TABLE 33 PROJECTED SALES OF GEOSYNTHETICS IN MAJOR GLOBAL MARKETS, THROUGH 2013 ($ BILLIONS)

FIGURE 39 PROJECTED TRENDS IN REGIONAL GEOSYNTHETICS MARKET SHARES, 2007-2013 (%)

FIGURE 39 (CONTINUED)

INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS

FIRMS

FIGURE 40 GEOSYNTHETICS MANUFACTURERS PRODUCING FOR THE U.S. MARKET BY PRINCIPAL PRODUCT, 2007 (%)

FIGURE 40 (CONTINUED)

MARKET SHARES

GEOTEXTILES

FIGURE 41 U.S. GEOTEXTILE MARKET SHARES, 2007 (% OF TOTAL GEOTEXTILES CONSUMPTION)

GEOMEMBRANES

FIGURE 42 U.S. GEOMEMBRANE MARKET SHARES, 2007 (% OF TOTAL GEOTEXTILES CONSUMPTION)

FIGURE 42 (CONTINUED)

GEONETS AND GEOGRIDS

FIGURE 43 U.S. GEOGRID MARKET SHARES, 2007 (% OF TOTAL GEOGRID CONSUMPTION)

GEOCOMPOSITES

FIGURE 44 U.S GEOGRID MARKET SHARES, 2007 (% OF TOTAL GEOGRID CONSUMPTION)

APPENDIX I: COMPANY PROFILES

GEOTEXTILES

BELTON INDUSTRIES, INC

CONTECH CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS INC

DUPONT GEOSYNTHETICS

FIBERWEB PLC

FLINT INDUSTRIES

LUN-DRAIN

PROPEX INC

RODEWISCH, INC.

SOLENO TEXTILES

SYNTHETIC INDUSTRIES, INC.

THRACE-LINQ CO

WATERSOLVE LLC

GEOGRIDS

A & B GEOSYNTHETICS

STRATA SYSTEMS, INC.

SYNTEEN TECHNICAL FABRICS, INC

TENSAR INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION

GEOMEMBRANES

ACCUGEO

BAKERSFIELD, CA 93307

AGRU AMERICA, INC.

BURKE INDUSTRIES, INC

ENVIRONMENTAL FABRICS, INC.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, INC

FIRESTONE SPECIALTY PRODUCTS

GUNDLESLT ENVIRONMENTAL, INC.

FIGURE 45 GUNDELSLT ENVIRONMENTAL REVENUES BY MARKET SEGMENT, 2006 (% OF TOTAL REVENUES)

FIGURE 45 (CONTINUED)

MPC CONTAINMENT, INC

POLY-FLEX, INC

RAVEN INDUSTRIES INC

REEF INDUSTRIES, INC.

SOLMAX INTERNATIONAL INC.

WATERSAVER COMPANY, INC.

GEOCELLS

ALCOA GEOSYSTEMS

GEOCELL SYSTEMS

GEOPRODUCTS

GEOFOAMS/GEOCOMBS

AFM CORP.

BEAVER PLASTICS, LTD.

BENCHMARK FOAM INC

BRANCH RIVER PLASTICS INC.

CARPENTER CO.

DYPLAST PRODUCTS, LLC

FALCON FOAM

FOAM MOLDERS INC

GEORGIA FOAM, INC.

GEOTECH SYSTEMS CORP.

INSULATION CORP. OF AMERICA

INSULATION TECHNOLOGY, INC.

INSULFOAM

NORTHWEST FOAM PRODUCTS, INC

PLYMOUTH FOAM BUILDING MATERIALS

ROYAL FOAM, INC

STYROTECH, INC

THERMAL FOAMS, INC

GEOPIPES

ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

CRUMPLER PLASTIC PIPE, INC

PRINSCO, INC

DIVERSIFIED MANUFACTURERS

CARTHAGE MILLS EROSION CONTROL CO

CETCO LINING TECHNOLOGIES INC

CHECKMATE GEOSYNTHETICS

COLBOND INC

HUESKER INC.

LAYFIELD ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS CORPORATION

MACCAFERRI INC.

NILEX INC

SHANDONG TAIFENG GEOSYNTHETICS CORP

TENAX CORP.

TERRAFIX GEOSYNTHETICS

U.S. FABRICS, INC.

WEBTEC, INC

APPENDIX II: PATENT ANALYSIS

INTRODUCTION

PATENTS BY TYPE OF MATERIAL

FIGURE 46 PATENT SHARES BY TYPE OF MATERIAL (% OF ALL PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH JANUARY 15, 2008)

PATENTS BY APPLICATION

FIGURE 47 PATENTS ISSUED FOR GEOSYNTHETIC FABRICATION TECHNOLOGIES VS. APPLICATIONS (% OF ALL PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH JANUARY 15, 2008)

PATENT ASSIGNEES

TABLE 34 MAJOR GEOSYNTHETICS PATENT HOLDERS (AS OF JANUARY 15, 2008)

FIGURE 48 GEOSYNTHETICS PATENT HOLDERS BY NUMBER OF PATENTS (%)

LIST OF TABLES

SUMMARY TABLE U.S. GEOSYNTHETICS MARKET, THROUGH 2013

($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 1 GEOSYNTHETICS FUNCTIONS

TABLE 2 US GEOSYNTHETICS MARKET BY TYPE OF MATERIAL,

THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 3 ANNUAL SALES OF OTHER GEOSYNTHETICS BY END USE,

2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 4 U.S. HIGHWAY EXPENDITURES, TRHROUGH 2005

($ BILLIONS)

TABLE 5 EXTENT OF U.S. ROAD AND HIGHWAY NETWORK, 2001-2006

(MILES)

TABLE 6 US HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION EXPENDITURES, 2007-2013

($ BILLIONS)

TABLE 7 EXPENDITURES ON RAILWAY TRACK NEW CONSTRUCTION

AND REHABILITATION, 2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 8 RUNWAY CONSTRUCTION EXPENDITURES, THROUGH 2013

($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 9 TOTAL U.S. SPENDING ON FLOOD CONTROL DAMS AND

LEVEES, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 10 PUBLIC SPENDING ON LEVEE REHABILITATION AND

CONSTRUCTION, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 11 TOTAL PUBLIC SPENDING ON DAM SAFETY,

REHABILITATION, AND CONSTRUCTION, THROUGH 2013

($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 12 U.S. INVESTMENTS IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT

FACILITIES, THROUGH FY 2013

TABLE 13 U.S. HAZARDOUS WASTE CONTAINMENT CAPITAL COSTS

($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 14 U.S. LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY POPULATION TRENDS,

THROUGH 2006 (MILLION ANIMALS)

TABLE 15 IRRIGATION CANAL LINER PERFORMANCE COMPARISONS

TABLE 16 MILES OF OPEN SURFACE IRRIGATION CANALS AND

DITCHES

TABLE 17 U.S. EXPENDITURES ON MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF

IRRIGATION FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2003

($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 18 GEOTEXTILE POLYMER CHARACTERISTICS

TABLE 19 TYPES OF BIO-DEGRADABLE GEOTEXTILES

TABLE 20 ANNUAL SALES OF GEOTEXTILES BY TYPE, THROUGH -

2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $MILLION)

TABLE 21 ANNUAL SALES OF NONWOVEN GEOTEXTILES, BY END

USE, THROUGH 2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

TABLE 22 GEOMEMBRANE PROPERTIES

TABLE 23 ANNUAL SALES OF GEOMEMBRANES BY TYPE, 2007-2013

(MILLION SQUARE YARDS/$ MILLION)

TABLE 24 ANNUAL SALES OF GEOMEMBRANES BY END USE, 2007-

2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

TABLE 25 KEY PROPERTIES OF GEOGRIDS

TABLE 26 ANNUAL SALES OF GEOGRIDS AND GEONETS BY TYPE,

2007-2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

TABLE 27 ANNUAL SALES OF GEOGRIDS AND GEONETS BY END

USE, 2007-2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

TABLE 28 PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENT GEOCOMPOSITE TYPES

TABLE 29 ANNUAL SALES OF GEOCOMPOSITES, THROUGH 2013

(MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

TABLE 30 ANNUAL SALES OF GEOCOMPOSITES BY END USE,

THROUGH 2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

TABLE 31 ANNUAL SALES OF OTHER GEOSYNTHETICS BY TYPE,

THROUGH 2013 (MILLION SQUARE YARDS/ $ MILLION)

TABLE 32 ANNUAL SALES OF OTHER GEOSYNTHETICS BY END USE,

THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 33 PROJECTED SALES OF GEOSYNTHETICS IN MAJOR

GLOBAL MARKETS, THROUGH 2013 ($ BILLIONS)

TABLE 34 MAJOR GEOSYNTHETICS PATENT HOLDERS (AS OF

JANUARY 15, 2008)

LIST OF FIGURES

SUMMARY FIGURE U.S. GEOSYNTHETICS MARKET BY FUNCTION,

2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 1 U.S. GEOSYNTHETICS MARKET TRENDS, 2007-2013

($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 2 TRENDS IN MARKET SHARES OF DIFFERENT

GEOSYNTHETICS, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL SALES)

FIGURE 3 TRENDS IN GEOSYNTHETIC MARKET BY END-USER

SEGMENT 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL SALES)

FIGURE 4 TRENDS IN TOTAL U.S. HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION

EXPENDITURES, 2007-2013 ($ BILLIONS)

FIGURE 5 OWNERSHIP OF U.S. RAILWAY TRACKS, 2006 (% OF TOTAL

TRACK MILEAGE)

FIGURE 6 TRENDS IN TRACK RELATED RAILROAD

INCIDENTS/ACCIDENTS, 1995-2005 (NUMBER AND RATE PER

MILLION TRAIN MILES)

FIGURE 7 U.S. RAILROAD AND RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEM

EXPENDITURES ON TRACK AND RELATED STUCTURES, 2005 (%)

FIGURE 8 U.S. RAILROAD AND RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEM

EXPENDITURES ON TRACK AND RELATED STRUCTURES, 2013 (%)

FIGURE 9 TRENDS IN EXPENDITURES ON AIRPORT RUNWAY

CONSTRUCTION, 2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 10 NUMBERS OF AT-RISK LEVEES BY STATE, 2007 (NUMBER

OF LEVEES)

FIGURE 11 OWNERSHIP OF U.S. DAMS, 2007 (%)

FIGURE 12 TRENDS IN DISCARDS TO U.S. LANDFILLS, 1980-2006

(TONS)

FIGURE 13 TRENDS IN THE NUMBER OF U.S .MSW LANDFILLS, 1996-

2006 (NUMBER OF LANDFILLS)

FIGURE 14 ANNUAL LANDFILL CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY, 1996-2006

(AVERAGE NUMBER OF LANDFILLS CLOSED, OPENED, OR

MODIFIED)

FIGURE 15 TRENDS IN TOTAL AND AVERAGE LANDFILL CAPACITY,

1990 AND 2006

FIGURE 16 TRENDS IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT

INVESTMENTS, FY 2007-FY 2013 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 17 INDUSTRY SEGMENTS’ SHARES OF WATER POLLUTION

ABATEMENT EXPENDITURES (% OF TOTAL INDUSTRY

EXPENDITURES)

FIGURE 18 TRENDS IN INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT

EXPENDITURES, 2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 19 TRENDS IN HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL IN

LANDFILLS/SURFACE IMPOUNDMENTS, 1995-2005 (THOUSAND

TONS/% OF TOTAL HAZARDOUS WASTES)

FIGURE 20 TRENDS IN U.S. PRODUCTION OF METAL ORES, 2002-

2006 (2002 = 100)

FIGURE 21 COMPOSITION OF U.S. MINING WASTES, 2006 (% OF

TOTAL)

FIGURE 22 TRENDS IN MINE RECLAMATION BOND RELEASES, 2002-

2006 (NUMBER OF ACRES RELEASED)

FIGURE 23 TRENDS IN NUMBER OF NEW FEDERAL MINING

PERMITS ISSUED, 2003-2006

FIGURE 24 TRENDS IN ACRES OF U.S. FARMLAND IRRIGATED BY

OPEN SURFACE CANALS AND DITCHES, 1998 AND 2003

(THOUSAND ACRES)

FIGURE 25 TRENDS IN SALES OF U.S. AQAUCULTURE PRODUCTS,

1998 AND 2005 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 26 TRENDS IN NUMBER OF U.S. AQUACULTURE FARMS

AND AVERAGE SALES PER FARM, 1998 AND 2005 (UNITS/$)

FIGURE 27 TRENDS IN USE OF PONDS AND RACEWAYS IN U.S.

AQUACULTURE, 1998 AND 2005 (NUMBER OF FARMS)

FIGURE 28 TRENDS IN U.S. PRIVATE CONSTRUCTION SPENDING,

2001-2007 ($ BILLIONS)

FIGURE 29 U.S. GEOTEXTILES MARKET SHARES BY END-USER

SEGMENT, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION IN $)

FIGURE 30 U.S. GEOTEXTILES MARKET SHARES BY FUNCTION,

2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION)

FIGURE 31 U.S. GEOMEMBRANE MARKET SHARES BY TYPE OF

MATERIAL, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION IN $)

FIGURE 32 U.S. GEOMEMBRANE MARKET SHARES BY END-USER

SEGMENT, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION IN $)

FIGURE 33 U.S. GEOGRID MARKET SHARES BY END-USER

SEGMENT, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION)

FIGURE 34 U.S. GEOCOMPOSITE MARKET SHARES BY END-USER

SEGMENT, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION)

FIGURE 35 U.S. GEOGRID MARKET SHARES BY END-USER

SEGMENT, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION IN $)

FIGURE 36 U.S. OTHER GEOSYNTHETICS MARKET SHARES BY

FUNCTION, 2007-2013 (% OF TOTAL CONSUMPTION IN $)

FIGURE 37 GLOBAL MARKETS FOR GEOSYNTHETICS, 2007 (% OF

TOTAL GLOBAL MARKET)

FIGURE 38 PROJECTED TRENDS IN GLOBAL GEOSYNTHETICS

MARKET, 2007-2013 ($ BILLIONS)

FIGURE 39 PROJECTED TRENDS IN REGIONAL GEOSYNTHETICS

MARKET SHARES, 2007-2013 (%)

FIGURE 40 GEOSYNTHETICS MANUFACTURERS PRODUCING FOR

THE U.S. MARKET BY PRINCIPAL PRODUCT, 2007 (%)

FIGURE 41 U.S. GEOTEXTILE MARKET SHARES, 2007 (% OF TOTAL

GEOTEXTILES CONSUMPTION)

FIGURE 42 U.S. GEOMEMBRANE MARKET SHARES, 2007 (% OF

TOTAL GEOTEXTILES CONSUMPTION)

FIGURE 43 U.S. GEOGRID MARKET SHARES, 2007 (% OF TOTAL

GEOGRID CONSUMPTION)

FIGURE 44 U.S GEOGRID MARKET SHARES, 2007 (% OF TOTAL

GEOGRID CONSUMPTION)

FIGURE 45 GUNDELSLT ENVIRONMENTAL REVENUES BY MARKET

SEGMENT, 2006 (% OF TOTAL REVENUES)

FIGURE 46 PATENT SHARES BY TYPE OF MATERIAL (% OF ALL

PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH JANUARY 15, 2008)

FIGURE 47 PATENTS ISSUED FOR GEOSYNTHETIC FABRICATION

TECHNOLOGIES VS. APPLICATIONS (% OF ALL PATENTS ISSUED

THROUGH JANUARY 15, 2008)

FIGURE 48 GEOSYNTHETICS PATENT HOLDERS BY NUMBER OF

PATENTS (%)

Abstract

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