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E-commerce - Europe

Published by: Mintel International Group Ltd.

Published: Feb. 1, 2008 - 301 Pages


Table of Contents


MARKET IN BRIEF

The future is multi-channel

Travel and services still ahead in online spending

Consumer attitudes show a clear split

Mixed goods players dominate

EUROPEAN SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK

REPORT SCOPE

TECHNICAL NOTES

Financial definitions

Currencies

Country codes

Figure 1: Country codes

VAT

Figure 2: Europe: Standard VAT rates, 2006/07

E-COMMERCE INFRASTRUCTURE

Figure 3: Europe: PC penetration by household by country, 2006

Figure 4: Europe: Increase in households with at least one PC, 2005-07

Figure 5: Europe: Internet penetration by household by country, 2007

Figure 6: Europe: Percentage change in Internet users, 2005-07

Figure 7: Europe: Broadband penetration by household by country, 2007

EUROPEAN E-COMMERCE SPENDING

Market size

Figure 8: Europe: Estimated e-commerce market size by country, 2006/07

Figure 9: Europe: Per capita spending via e-commerce, 2007

Figure 10: Europe: Spending via e-commerce as % all consumer spending, 2007

E-COMMERCE RETAIL

Figure 11: Europe: Estimated e-commerce sales and growth, 2007

Sales per capita

Figure 12: Europe: E-commerce retail sales per capita, 2007

Growth

LEADING PLAYERS

Figure 13: Europe: Top 20 e-commerce retailers, 2006/07 and 2007/08

CONSUMER SUMMARY

Figure 14: Europe: General attitudinal levels by country, 2007

Figure 15: Europe: Breakdown of opinions by country, 2007

Figure 16: UK: France, Germany, Italy and Spain: Ten most popular opinions regarding the Internet, 2007

OUTLOOK AND FORECAST

Forecast

Europe: Estimated online retail sales

Figure 17: Europe: Estimated online retail sales, 2007 and 2012

Online retail sales as share of total retail sales

Figure 18: Europe: Estimated online retail sales as % of total retail sales, 2007 and 2012

Outlook

M-commerce

Socialising the online retail experience with web 2.0

Multi-channel, multi-channel, multi-channel

FRANCE

MARKET IN BRIEF

E-commerce the source of growth

Advancing technology driving potential

Early movers taking up strong positions

But many consumers still require convincing

BROADER MARKET ENVIRONMENT

Positive factors

Negative factors

Population

Figure 19: France: Population trends, 2003-07

Figure 20: France: Population by age group, 2004-08

Computer ownership and Internet access

Figure 21: France: Proportion of individuals having used a PC in last 3 months, 2006

Figure 22: France: Internet access and broadband connection rates, 2006-07

Figure 23: France: Breakdown of Internet users by age and gender, 2007

MARKET IN CONTEXT

Key analysis

Figure 24: France: Consumer expenditure via e-commerce, 2003-07

Figure 25: France: Products and services purchased online, 2007

Figure 26: France: Purchasers of items online by age group, 2007

Loi Chatel

SECTOR SIZE AND FORECAST

Key analysis

nline retail sales

igure 27: France: Retail sales, 2003-07 and 2012

Figure 28: France: Online sales as a % of all retail sales, 2003-12

Recent trends in French e-commerce

Figure 29: France: Breakdown of most popular retail spend areas online, 2006

Website data

Figure 30: France: Number of active e-commerce websites, 2003-06

RETAIL COMPETITOR ANALYSIS

Leading players

Figure 31: France: Leading e-commerce players, 2007/08

THE CONSUMER

CONSUMER ATTITUDES TO E-COMMERCE

Key analysis

Convenience is king

But some concerns still remain

Figure 32: France: Ten most popular opinions on e-commerce by gender, November 2007

HOW AND WHERE CONSUMERS ACCESS THE INTERNET

Figure 33: France: Proportion of households with at least 1 PC, 2005 and 2007

Figure 34: France: Proportion of population having used the Internet in the past 12 months, 2005 and 2007

Figure 35: France: Most popular locations for Internet access, 2007

Detailed view of Consumer Demographics:

FURTHER ANALYSIS

Key analysis

Figure 36: Segmentation of nationals on basis of attitudinal statements towards online shopping, November 2007

Figure 37: France: Breakdown of responses by respondent type, November 2007

THE CONSUMER - DETAILED DEMOGRAPHICS

The Consumer - Attitudes to shopping online

Figure 38: France: Attitudes to shopping online, detailed demographics, November 2007

Figure 39: France: Attitudes to shopping online, detailed demographics, November 2007

Figure 40: France: Attitudes to shopping online, detailed demographics, November 2007

The Consumer - Further analysis

Figure 41: France: Breakdown of respondent sub-group by demographic, November 2007

GERMANY

MARKET IN BRIEF

The future - e-commerce to benefit from high level of access

Market growing as mail order goes online

Mail order players lead

A positive attitude to e-commerce

BROADER MARKET ENVIRONMENT

Positive factors

Negative factors

Population

Figure 42: Germany: Population trends, 2002-06

Figure 43: Germany: Population, by age group, 2002, 2006 and 2010

Computer ownership and Internet access

Figure 44: Germany: Proportion of individuals having used a PC in last 3 months, 2007

Figure 45: Germany: Penetration of Internet by age and gender, 2007

Figure 46: Germany: Internet access and broadband connection rates, 2006-07

The economy

Will consumers spend in 2008?

Figure 47: Germany: Gross domestic product, 1996-2007

MARKET IN CONTEXT

Key analysis

Market value

Figure 48: Germany: Estimated total B2C online sales, 2003-08

Figure 49: Germany: Products and services purchased online, 2006

SECTOR SIZE AND FORECAST

Forecast

Figure 50: Germany: Retail sales, 2003-07 and 2012

Figure 51: Germany: Estimated breakdown of online sales by type of retailer, 2007

RETAIL COMPETITOR ANALYSIS

Leading players

Figure 52: Germany: Leading e-commerce players, 2007/08

Market shares

Figure 53: Germany: Market share of leading players, 2006/07

THE CONSUMER

CONSUMER ATTITUDES TO E-COMMERCE

Key analysis

Convenience is king

But some concerns remain

Figure 54: Germany: Most popular opinions on e-commerce by gender, November 2007

Detailed view of Consumer Demographics

Figure 55: Germany: Key attitudes by age and affluence, 2007

HOW AND WHERE CONSUMERS ACCESS THE INTERNET

Figure 56: Germany: Population by number of PCs, 2005 and 2007

Figure 57: Germany: Proportion of population having used the Internet in the past 12 months, 2005 and 2007

Figure 58: Germany: Most popular locations for Internet access, 2007

FURTHER ANALYSIS

Figure 59: Segmentation of nationals on basis of attitudinal statements towards online shopping, November 2007

Figure 60: Germany: Breakdown of responses by respondent type, November 2007

THE CONSUMER - DETAILED DEMOGRAPHICS

The Consumer - Attitudes to shopping online

Figure 61: Germany: Attitudes to online shopping, detailed demographics, November 2007

Figure 62: Germany: Attitudes to online shopping, detailed demographics, November 2007

Figure 63: Germany: Attitudes to online shopping, detailed demographics, November 2007

The Consumer - Further analysis

Figure 64: Germany: Breakdown of respondent sub-group by demographic, November 2007

ITALY

MARKET IN BRIEF

The future - Conservative growth

E-commerce yet to capture Italian hearts

Technology attracts technophiles

Lack of trust undermining the offer

BROADER MARKET ENVIRONMENT

Positive factors

Negative factors

Population

Figure 65: Italy: Population trends, 2002-06

Figure 66: Italy: Population by age, 2007

Computer ownership and Internet access

Figure 67: Italy: Proportion of individuals having used a PC in last 3 months, 2006

Internet usage

Figure 68: Italy: Breakdown of Italian Internet users by age and gender, 2007

Figure 69: Italy: Internet connections and broadband penetration, 2006-07

MARKET IN CONTEXT

Figure 70: Italy: Estimated consumer expenditure via e-commerce, 2003-07

Figure 71: Italy: Purchasers of items online in the previous 12 months, by age group, 2006-07

SECTOR SIZE AND FORECAST

Key analysis

Figure 72: Italy: Estimated e-commerce retail spend breakdown, 2007

Figure 73: Italy: All retail sales and estimated e-commerce retail sales, 2003-07 and 2012

RETAIL COMPETITOR ANALYSIS

Leading players

Figure 74: Italy: Leading e-commerce players, 2007/08

THE CONSUMER

CONSUMER ATTITUDES TO E-COMMERCE

E-commerce, making shopping e-asier?

But is it cheap or safe enough?

Figure 75: Italy: Most popular opinions on e-commerce by gender, November 2007

Detailed view of consumer demographics

Further analysis

Figure 76: Segmentation of nationals on basis of attitudinal statements towards online shopping, November 2007

Figure 77: Italy: Breakdown of responses by respondent type, November 2007

THE CONSUMER - DETAILED DEMOGRAPHICS

The Consumer - Attitudes to shopping online

Figure 78: Italy: Attitudes to shopping online, detailed demographics, November 2007

Figure 79: Italy: Attitudes to shopping online, detailed demographics, November 2007

Figure 80: Italy: Attitudes to shopping online, detailed demographics, November 2007

The Consumer - Further analysis

Figure 81: Italy: Breakdown of respondent sub-group by demographic, November 2007

SPAIN

MARKET IN BRIEF

The future - online sales set to rocket

Convenience driving online shopping

Multi-channel model starting to dominate

BROADER MARKET ENVIRONMENT

Positive factors

Negative factors

Population

A growing population…

Figure 82: Spain: Population trends, 2002-06

…but also an ageing population

Figure 83: Spain: Population, by age group, 2002, 2006 and 2010

Computer ownership and Internet access

Growing - but from a low base

Figure 84: Spain: Computer ownership, 2004-06

Few silver surfers in Spain?

Figure 85: Spain: Computer ownership, by age group, 2006

Figure 86: Spain & EU 27: Levels of Internet access and broadband connections, 2006 and 2007

The economy

2008 set for a slowdown?

Figure 87: Spain: GDP, 1996-2006

MARKET IN CONTEXT

B2C e-commerce

Figure 88: Spain: B2C E-commerce, 2000-06

Figure 89: Spain: B2C e-commerce as % of all consumer spending, 2000-06

SECTOR SIZE AND FORECAST

Online retail sales estimate

Figure 90: Estimated e-commerce sales, 2006 and 2007

Online retail sales forecast

Figure 91: Spain: Estimated online retail sales, 2005-07 and 2012

RETAIL COMPETITOR ANALYSIS

Figure 92: Spain: Leading online retailers, 2007/08

Multi-channel

Figure 93: Spain: Online shoppers choice of webstore, 2006

THE CONSUMER

CONSUMER ATTITUDES TO E-COMMERCE

Key analysis

Convenience is king

Trust remains an issue

Frustration

Figure 94: Spain: Attitudes to shopping online, November 2007

HOW AND WHERE CONSUMERS ACCESS THE INTERNET

Figure 95: Spain: Where consumers have accessed the Internet, 2007

Figure 96: Spain: How consumers have accessed the Internet, 2005-07

FURTHER ANALYSIS

Key analysis

Figure 97: Segmentation of nationalities on basis of attitudinal statements towards online shopping, November 2007

Figure 98: Spain: Positive and negative clusters, by attitude statements, 2007

THE CONSUMER - DETAILED DEMOGRAPHICS

The Consumer - Attitudes to shopping online

Figure 99: Spain: Attitudes to shopping online, detailed demographics, November 2007

Figure 100: Spain: Attitudes to shopping online, detailed demographics, November 2007

Figure 101: Spain: Attitudes to shopping online, detailed demographics, November 2007

The Consumer - Further Analysis

Figure 102: Spain: Positive and negative clusters, detailed demographics, 2007

UK

MARKET IN BRIEF

Broadband driving growth?

Silver surfers?

Convenience of online shopping is its main appeal, but some still sceptical

Online retail growth outpacing offline

Offline brands set to dominate online

BROADER MARKET ENVIRONMENT

Positive factors

Negative factors

Population trends

Greying population good news for e-commerce retailers?

Figure 103: UK: British Internet usage profile, by gender, socio-economic group, age and working status, October 2007

Figure 104: UK: Population trends, by age band, 2002-12

Figure 105: UK: Population by age band, 2002-12

Computer ownership and Internet access

The growth of broadband

Figure 106: UK: Index of growth of dial-up and broadband Internet connections, September 2004- September 2007

PC penetration

Figure 107: UK: Percentage of households with home computer and Internet connections, 1998/99-2006

Economy

Figure 108: PDI and consumer expenditure, at current and constant 2002 prices, 2002-12

MARKET IN CONTEXT

Key analysis

B2C e-commerce

IMRG

ONS

SECTOR SIZE AND FORECAST

Key analysis

Non-store retailers’ sales

Figure 109: UK: Non-store retailers sales forecast, 2003-12

Estimated online retail sales

Figure 110: UK: Estimated online retail sales, 2003-07

Online retail sales forecast

Figure 111: UK: Estimated online retail sales, 2005-07 and 2012

The future

Store-based retailers driving growth

Order online collect in store

RETAIL COMPETITOR ANALYSIS

Key analysis

A multi-channel future for e-commerce

Tesco dominates retailing online as well as offline

Amazon number 2

Argos, the most multi-channel?

Figure 112: UK: Leading online retailers, sales estimates 2007/08

Market shares

Figure 113: UK: Leading online retailers, estimated market share, 2007/08

THE CONSUMER

Key findings

CONSUMER ATTITUDES TO E-COMMERCE

Convenience and pricing

Trust

Figure 114: UK: Attitudes to shopping online, November 2007

Male v. Female priorities

Figure 115: UK: Attitudes to shopping online, male v. female priorities, November 2007

The 45-54-year-olds online shopping profile

HOW AND WHERE CONSUMERS ACCESS THE INTERNET

Figure 116: GB: Where consumers have accessed the Internet, 2007

Figure 117: GB: How consumers have accessed the Internet, 2005-07

THE CONSUMER - FURTHER ANALYSIS

Figure 118: Segmentation of nationalities on basis of attitudinal statements towards online shopping, November 2007

Key analysis

Main issues

Figure 119: UK: Attitudes to shopping online, cluster analysis, November 2007

THE CONSUMER - DETAILED DEMOGRAPHICS

The Consumer - Attitudes to shopping online

Figure 120: UK: Attitudes to online shopping, detailed demographics, November 2007

Figure 121: UK: Attitudes to online shopping, detailed demographics, November 2007

Figure 122: UK: Attitudes to online shopping, detailed demographics, November 2007

The Consumer - Further analysis

Figure 123: UK: Attitudes to shopping online, cluster analysis, November 2007

AMAZON EUROPE

Figure 124: Amazon Europe: Sales as share of all non-food retailers in Europe, 2002-06

Strategic evaluation

Background

Financial performance

Figure 125: Amazon Europe: Estimated financial performance, 2003-07

e-commerce offering

Websites

Market positioning

Brands

Product offer

Figure 126: Amazon Group: Date of introduction of product categories, 27 November 2007

Pricing

Operational issues

Loyalty card

Advertising and marketing

ARCANDOR

Strategic evaluation

Background

Neckermann.de

Financial performance

Figure 127: Arcandor: Group financial performance, 2004-07

Figure 128: Arcandor: Group financial results, 9 months to end September 2006 & 2007

e-commerce sales

e-commerce offering

Websites

Figure 129: Karstadtquelle: Major websites, 2008

Recent developments

ARGOS

Strategic evaluation

Background

Financial performance

Figure 130: Argos: Financial performance, 2002/03-2006/07

Figure 131: Argos: Multi-channel development, 2002/03-2006/07

e-commerce offering

Market positioning

Brands

Product offer

Pricing

Operational issues

ASDA STORES LTD

Background

Financial performance

Figure 132: Asda Stores Ltd: Group financial performance, 2002/03-2006/07

e-commerce offering

Market positioning

Brands

Product offer

Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

BRUNO BADER

Background

Financial performance

e-commerce offering

Market positioning

Product offer

Pricing

e-commerce

BUCH.DE INTERNETSTORES

Background

Financial performance

Figure 133: Buch.de: Group financial performance, 2003-07

e-commerce offering

Figure 134: Buch.de: Online shops, 2007

Product offer

Figure 135: Buch.de: Sales mix by product and region, 2006

Marketing

CAMIF FRANCE

Strategic evaluation

Background

Financial performance

Figure 136: Camif: Group financial performance, 2002-06

Figure 137: Camif: Breakdown of sales revenue by fascia, 2006

e-commerce offering

Websites

Market positioning

Product offer

Figure 138: Camif: Breakdown of turnover by product, 2006

Brands

Pricing

CHL

Background

Financial performance

Figure 139: CHL: Estimated sales revenue from B2C operations, 2005-07

e-commerce offering

Products

B2B operations

Operational issues

CONRAD

Strategic evaluation

Background

Financial performance

Figure 140: Conrad: Group financial performance, 2002-06

e-commerce offering

Websites

Products

Pricing

Operational issues

DEBENHAMS

Background

Financial performance

Figure 141: Debenhams: Group financial performance, 2002/03-2006/07

e-commerce offering

Market positioning

Brands

Product offer

Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

DSG INTERNATIONAL (INCLUDING PIXMANIA)

Strategic evaluation

Background

Financial performance

Figure 142: DSGi: Group financial performance, 2002/03-2006/07

Figure 143: DSGi: Online sales, 2005/06 and 2006/07

e-commerce offering

Market positioning

Brands

Product offer

Pricing

Operational issues

EBAY INC

Strategic evaluation

Background

Financial performance

Figure 144: eBay Inc: Group financial performance, 2003-07

e-commerce offering

How e-bay works

Market positioning

Product offer

Pricing

Operational issues - Safe payments/PayPal

Advertising and marketing

FNAC

Strategic evaluation

Background

Financial performance

Figure 145: Fnac: Group financial performance, 2003-07

Discontinued operations

e-commerce offering

Figure 146: Fnac: Website information by country, 2006

Product offer

Figure 147: Fnac: Breakdown of turnover by product category, 2006

Brands

Operational issues

HMV GROUP

Background

Financial performance

Figure 148: HMV Group: Group financial performance, 2002/03-2006/07

e-commerce offering

Market positioning

Brands

Product offer

Pricing

Operational issues

HOEPLI MULTIMEDIA

Background

Financial performance

e-commerce offering

Products

JOHN LEWIS DIRECT

Background

Financial performance

Figure 149: John Lewis department stores: Financial performance, 2002/03-2006/07

e-commerce offering

Market positioning

Brands

Product offer

Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

KESA ELECTRICALS

Strategic evaluation

Background

Financial performance

Figure 150: Kesa Electricals: Group financial performance, 2002/03-2006/07

e-commerce offering

Market positioning

Brands

Product offer

Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

KLINGEL

Strategic evaluation

Background

Financial performance

Figure 151: Klingel: Estimated group financial performance, 2002-06

e-commerce offering

Figure 152: E-commerce offering of the various Klingel websites

Market positioning

Operational issues

LAGARDÈRE SERVICES

Background

Financial performance

Figure 153: Lagardère Services: Group financial performance, 2004-06

e-commerce offering

LITTLEWOODS SHOP DIRECT GROUP LTD

Strategic evaluation

Background

Financial performance

Figure 154: Littlewoods Shop Direct Group Ltd: Group financial performance, 2002/03-2006/07

e-commerce offering

Figure: Littlewoods Shop Direct: e-commerce sites, 2008

Market positioning

Brands

Product offer

Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

NEXT DIRECTORY

Strategic evaluation

Background

Financial performance

Figure 155: Next Directory: Group financial performance, 2002/03-2006/07

e-commerce offering

Market positioning

Brands

Product offer

Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

OCADO

Background

Financial performance

Figure 156: Ocado: Financial performance, 2002/03-2006/07

e-commerce offering

Market positioning

Brands

Product offer

Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

OOSHOP

Background

Financial performance

e-commerce offering

Products

Operational issues

OTTO EUROPE

Strategic evaluation

Background

Financial performance

Figure 157: Otto Europe: Group financial performance, 2002/03-2006/07

e-commerce sales

e-commerce offering

Figure 158: Otto Group: European websites, 2008

Market positioning

Brands

Product offer

Recent developments

PLAY.COM

Background

Financial performance

e-commerce offering

Market positioning

Product offer

Pricing

REDCATS

Strategic evaluation

Background

Financial performance

Figure 159: Redcats: Group financial performance, 2003-07

Discontinued operations

Turnover by region

Figure 160: Redcats: Breakdown of turnover by market, 2005

Figure 161: Redcats: Breakdown of turnover by sales channel, 2006

e-commerce offering

Figure 162: Redcats: Group websites, 2007

Product offer

Figure 163: Redcats: Breakdown of turnover by product category, 2005

Brands

Pricing

RUEDUCOMMERCE

Background

Financial performance

Figure 164: Rue du Commerce: Financial performance, 2004-06

e-commerce offering

Products

Figure 165: Rue du Commerce: Breakdown of sales by product category, 2006

Services

C2C offer

J SAINSBURY

Background

Financial performance

Figure 166: Sainsbury’s Supermarkets, 2002/03-2006/07

e-commerce offering

Market positioning

Brands

Figure 167: Sainsbury’s Supermarkets: Own-label food portfolio

Product offer

Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

TCHIBO

Background

Financial performance

Figure 168: Tchibo: Group financial performance, 2002-06

e-commerce offering

Product offer

Brands

Advertising and marketing

TESCO.COM

Strategic evaluation

Background

Financial performance

Figure 169: tesco.com: Financial performance, 2003-07

Figure 170: tesco.com as share of UK sales and operating profit, 2003-07

e-commerce offering

Market positioning

Brands

Product offer

Pricing

Operational issues

Advertising and marketing

Environment

APPENDIX: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY


Abstract

This report series covers the five leading economies of Western Europe. In part because e-commerce activities cover a variety of sectors, detailed information, even on the largest economies, is hard to come by. While educated estimates can be made for these larger markets, in many other parts of Europe e-commerce is just too small or lacking in data to be able to provide anything reliable. Some coverage of the e-commerce market of smaller European nations can be found in the Mintel report on Home Shopping, Retail Intelligence, 2007.

The subject of this report is e-commerce, and is limited to those items purchased via the Internet. The report therefore includes sales on the Internet by high-street retailers, mail order houses and pureplay Internet retailers.

While our spending figures refer to all B2C commerce via the Internet, the retail sales are a little more restrictive as to what is included. Downloadable music and films are included as part of our e-commerce retail sales. This is based upon the theory that if a consumer enters an outlet of HMV or Fnac, it is not because they want to buy a shiny new disc but the music or film that it contains that interests them.

Conversely sales related to travel, financial services and automobiles have been excluded from retail sales, as these are not included in standard country retail statistics. These areas have been included in our B2C commerce via the Internet (ie spending) figures however.

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