Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases

Published by: Global Industry Analysts

Published: Sep. 1, 2006 - 360 Pages

Table of Contents

I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS

Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations

Disclaimers

Data Interpretation & Reporting Level

Quantitative Techniques & Analytics

Product Definitions and Scope of Study

Product Segments

Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs

Cholinesterase Inhibitors

NMDARA

Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs

Dopaminergic Agents (Levodopa/Carbidopa)

Dopamine Agonists

Other Pd Drugs (Include COMT Inhibitors, MOA-B Inhibitors, and Dopamine Amplifiers)

COMT Inhibitors

MAO-B Inhibitors

Dopamine Amplifiers

II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Outlook

Current and Future Analysis

2. Neurodegenerative Diseases Market - A Brief Overview

Key Brands in NDD Market

Table 1: Leading Drugs in the Global Neurodegenerative Disease Market (2004): Percentage Breakdown by Sales Revenues for Razadyne, Aricept, Exelon, Namenda, Sifrol/Mirapex, Requip, Cabaser, Madopar, Siemet, Permax, and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Factors Affecting Market

Major Growth Drivers

Major Growth Inhibitors

Market Trends

High Prevalence Rates Drive Market Growth

Rapid Growth of Ageing Population

Price Hikes and Government Caps

Combination Therapy Gaining Ground

Research & Development

Future Holds Promise

3. Alzheimer’s Market Overview

A Peek at Anti-AD Drug Market

Impact of Dementia

Epidemiology

Table 2: World Alzheimer’s Disease Prevalence for Years 2000 through 2010: Number of Patients in Thousands by Country/Region for US, Canada, Japan, Europe (Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain, and Rest of Europe), and Rest of World (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 3: Alzheimer’s Disease Prevalence in Top Seven Countries (US, Japan, Germany, France, UK, Italy, and Spain) for Years 2001 through 2010: Number of Patients (in ‘000) Diagnosed and Treated by Disease Severity (Mild Stage, Moderate Stage, and Late Stage) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 4: Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis in Top Seven Countries (2005): Percentage of Diagnosed Patients in the US, Japan, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the UK (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Patient Growth Drivers

Demographics Spell Opportunities

High Growth Rates for AD Drugs

The Impact of Aricept

Epic of NMDARA

Strengths

Weaknesses

Future Therapies

How Successful will the Late Stage Therapies be?

A Geographic Milieu

US

Europe

Japan

Alternative Drug Delivery Technologies Gaining Ground

Transdermal Patch

Domination of Acetyl Cholinesterase Inhibitors

Dramatic Changes in Market Lie Ahead

Advances in Next-Generation Treatments

Beta Amyloid Hypothesis

Growth Drivers

Ageing Baby Boomers Drive AD Market

Table 5: AD Frequency Rate (%) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

New Hypothesis Enables Effective Treatment

Unmet Medical Needs Drive Market Growth

Growth Inhibitors

High Rapport with Other Aliments

Misdiagnosis

Patient Awareness

Medical Refunds

Competitive Landscape

Few Players Rule the Market

Eisai/Pfizer

Novartis

Shire/Johnson & Johnson

Lundbeck/Forest

Ipsen and UCB

Market Scorecard

Table 6: Leading Brands in the Global Anti-Alzheimer’s Drug Market (2005): Percentage Breakdown by Sales Revenues for Aricept, Exelon, Razadyne, Axura, Ebixa, Namenda, and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Year of Approval of AD Drugs in Leading Countries

Compounds in Pipeline

Outlook for AD Drugs Market

4. Parkinson’s Disease Market Overview

An Alluring Market

Prevalence

Table 7: World Parkinson’s Disease Prevalence for Years 2000 through 2010: Number of Patients in Thousands by Country/Region for US, Canada, Japan, Europe (Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain, Rest of Europe), and Rest of World (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Current Treatments

New Medicines on the Horizon

New Findings

Products Launches Through 2009

Dominance of Dopamine Agonists

Revival Revels in Other Anti-PD Drugs Segment

COMT Inhibitors Growing Fastest

Key Market Drivers

Rising Awareness Magnifies Patient Base

Emergence of Dopamine Agonists as First Line Treatment Drives Market Growth

The Debut of Stalevo

Price Hikes Drive PD Market Growth

Unmet Clinical Needs Show Mammoth Prospects

Key Market Inhibitors

Limitations of Existing Medicines Inhibit Market Growth

Under-Diagnosis Restrains Market Potential

Generic Competition from L-Dopa and Carbidopa Curbs Market Growth

Restricted Term of Dopamine Agonists Usage Delays Market Growth

5. Disease Overview

Alzheimer's Disease

Definition

The Cause

Finding AD

Prevention

Treatment

Parkinson’s Disease

Definition

Pathophysiology

Diagnosis

Prevalence

Treatment

Surgical Intervention

6. Drug Classification

Anti-Alzheimer’s’ Disease Drugs

NMDARA

Memantine

Cholinesterase Inhibitors (ChEIs)

Donepezil (Aricept)

Rivastigmine (Exelon)

Galantamine Hydrobromide (Razadyne)

Tacrine (Cognex)

Other Alternatives

Vitamin E

Estrogen Therapy

Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)

Antioxidants

Vaccine

Gingko Biloba

Pure Medical Nicotine

Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs

Dopaminergic agents

Levodopa/Carbidopa

Dopamine Agonists

Pergolide/Permax

Bromocriptine/Parlodel

Ropinirole/Requip

Pramipexole/Mirapex

Cabergoline/Dostinex

Apomorphine/Apokyn

Other Dopamine Agonists

Other PD Drugs

COMT Inhibitors

Tolcapone (Tasmar)

Entacapone (Comtan)

MAO-B Inhibitors

Dopamine Amplifiers

Anticholinergics

7. Future Therapies

Alzheimer’s Disease

Key Pipeline Products

Phenserine

Ropern

Alzhemed

MEM 1003

Ampakine Compounds

Parkinson’s Disease

Key Pipeline Products

Adenosine A2a Antagonist

Spheramine®

Safinamide

O-1369

8. Recent Industry Activity

Eisai Initiates Phase I clinical trial for E2012

Exelon to Enter PD Market

Apokyn(R) Receives Approval in North America

FDA Approves Azilect

Voyager Completes Phase II Study for of Leuprolide Acetate

New Discovery for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease in Canada

Ortho-McNeil Launches Razadyne™ ER

Flurizan Enters Phase II Clinical Trials

Axonyx Releases Supplementary Results of Phase III Trial for Phenserine

Predix Pharmaceuticals Starts Phase Ib Trials of 5-HT4 Agonist

BrainStorm Pronounces Advantages of GDNF Producing Stem Cells in Parkinson's Animal Models

Predix’s PRX-03140 Completes First Clinical Trial in Alzheimer's Disease

Galapagos and Senexis Expand Collaboration

Novartis Joins Forces with Ono to Develop and Market AD Transdermal Patch

Neurologix Posts Interim Results of Phase I Gene Therapy

GB Therapeutics Receives License for CHF1512

Alzhemed™ Begins Phase III Trials

Newron Commences Phase III Trial With Safinamide

Ceregene Bags FDA Approval for Gene Therapy Alzheimer's Study

Memantine Drug Receives Approval from FDA for Treatment of Alzheimer’s

FDA Grants Fast Track Designation

Ester Neurosciences Joins Forces with Pharmacopeia

Brain Pacemaker Technology Receives FDA Approval

Nymox Receives US Patents for Statin Drugs

9. Focus on Select Players

Boehringer Ingelheim (Germany)

Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. (USA)

Eisai Inc. (USA)

Forest Pharmaceuticals (USA)

GlaxoSmithKline PLC (UK)

H. Lundbeck A/S (Denmark)

Merz Pharmaceuticals GMBH (Germany)

Novartis AG (Switzerland)

Pfizer Inc (US)

Roche (Switzerland)

Shire Pharmaceuticals PLC (UK)

10. Global Market Perspective

Table 8: World Recent Past, Current & Future Market Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 9: World 10-Year Perspective for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Markets for Years 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 10: World Recent Past, Current & Future Market Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 11: World Recent Past, Current & Future Market Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment -Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)) Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2002 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 12: World 10-Year Perspective for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Markets for Years 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 13: World 10-Year Perspective for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)) Markets for 2000, 2006 & 2010

Table 14: World Recent Past, Current & Future Market Analysis for Cholinesterase Inhibitors by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 15: World 10-Year Perspective for Cholinesterase Inhibitors by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Markets for Years 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 16: World Recent Past, Current & Future Market Analysis for NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2002 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 17: World 10-Year Perspective for NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Markets for Years 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 18: World Recent Past, Current & Future Market Analysis for Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 19: World Recent Past, Current & Future Market Analysis for Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Dopaminergic agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 20: World 10-Year Perspective for Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Markets for Years 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 21: World 10-Year Perspective for Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs Markets for 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 22: World Recent Past, Current & Future Market Analysis for Dopaminergic Agents by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 23: World 10-Year Perspective for Dopaminergic Agents by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Markets for Years 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 24: World Recent Past, Current & Future Market Analysis for Dopamine Agonists by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 25: World 10-Year Perspective for Dopamine Agonists by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Markets for Years 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 26: World Recent Past, Current & Future Market Analysis for Other PD Drugs by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 27: World 10-Year Perspective for Other PD Drugs by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, and Rest of World Markets for Years 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

III. MARKET

1. United States

A. Market Analysis

Current & Future Analysis

AD Market Overview

The Debut of Memantine

Approval of Cholinesterase Inhibitors for MCI to Drive Market Growth

Competitive Landscape

Table 28: Leading Therapeutics in the North American Alzheimer’s Disease Market (2005 & 2004): Percentage Breakdown by New Prescription for Aricept, Exelon, Namenda, and Razadyne (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Status of AD Drugs

New Products in Clinical Trails

Prevalence

Table 29: Alzheimer’s Disease Prevalence in the US for Years 2005 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

PD Therapies Market

Levodopa/Carbidopa on Declining Spree

Competition

Table 30: Leading Brands in the US PD Therapeutics Market (2004-2006E): Percentage Breakdown by Prescription for Generic Amantadine, Generic Benzitropine, Generic Levodopa/Carbidopa, Comtan, Mirapex, Rasagiline, Requip, Generic Selegiline, Sinemet/Sinemet CR, Vadova, and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Competitive Dynamics

Patent Expiry Status

Patent Expiry Status of Parkinson’s Disease Drugs in the US

New Brands and Pipeline Analysis

PD Prevalence

Recent Industry Activity

Key Players

B. Market Analytics

Table 31: US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 32: US 10-Year Perspective for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti- Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets for 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

2. Canada

A. Market Analysis

Current & Future Analysis

Prevalence

Recent Industry Activity

B. Market Analytics

Table 33: Canadian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, DAspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 34: Canadian 10-Year Perspective for Anti- Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets for 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

3. Japan

A. Market Analysis

Current & Future Analysis

Prevalence

Recent Industry Activity

B. Market Analytics

Table 35: Japanese Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti- Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 36: Japanese 10-Year Perspective for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets for 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4. Europe

A. Market Analysis

Current & Future Analysis

Prevalence

Alzheimer’s Disease

Table 37: European Alzheimer’s Disease Prevalence For Years 2000 through 2010: Number of Patients (in ‘000) by Country/Region for US, Canada, Japan, Europe (Including Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain, Rest of Europe), and Rest of World (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Parkinson’s Disease

Table 38: European Parkinson’s Disease Prevalence For Years 2000 through 2010: Number of Patients (in ‘000) by Country/Region for US, Canada, Japan, Europe (Including Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain, Rest of Europe), and Rest of World (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Competitive Scenario

Table 39: Leading Brands in the European Alzheimer’s Disease Market (2005): Percentage Breakdown by New Prescription for Aricept, Ebixa/Auxura, Exelon, and Razadyne (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Recent Industry Activity

B. Market Analytics

Table 40: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Geographic Region - Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain, and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 41: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti- Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 42: Rest of Europe 10-Year Perspective for Anti- Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain, and Rest of Europe Markets for 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 43: Rest of Europe 10-Year Perspective for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets for 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4a. Germany

A. Market Analysis

Current & Future Analysis

Prevalence

Key Players

B. Market Analytics

Table 44: German Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, DAspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 45: German 10-Year Perspective for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets for 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4b. France

A. Market Analysis

Current & Future Analysis

Prevalence

B. Market Analytics

Table 46: French Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Anti- Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 47: French 10-Year Perspective for Anti- Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets for 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4c. United Kingdom

A. Market Analysis

Current & Future Analysis

Prevalence

Key Players

B. Market Analytics

Table 48: UK Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Anti- Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 49: UK 10-Year Perspective for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti- Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets for 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4d. Italy

A. Market Analysis

Current & Future Analysis

Prevalence

Recent Industry Activity

B. Market Analytics

Table 50: Italian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, DAspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 51: Italian 10-Year Perspective for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets for 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4e. Spain

A. Market Analysis

Current & Future Analysis

Prevalence

B. Market Analytics

Table 52: Spanish Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, DAspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 53: Spanish 10-Year Perspective for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti- Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets for 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4f. Rest of Europe

A. Market Analysis

Current & Future Analysis

Prevalence

Key Players

B. Market Analytics

Table 54: Rest of Europe Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti- Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 55: Rest of Europe 10-Year Perspective for Anti- Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets for 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

5. Rest of World

A. Market Analysis

Current & Future Analysis

Prevalence

Recent Industry Activity

B. Market Analytics

Table 56: Rest of World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti- Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

Table 57: Rest of World 10-Year Perspective for Anti- Alzheimer’s and Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs (Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDARA (N-methyl, D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonists)), Anti-Parkinson’s Disease Drugs (Dopaminergic Agents, Dopamine Agonists, and Other PD Drugs) Markets for 2000, 2006 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

IV. COMPETITION

1. Amarin Corporation PLC (UK)

2. Amorfix Life Sciences Ltd. (Canada)

3. Apotex, Inc. (Canada)

4. Asterand PLC (UK)

5. Avicena Group, Inc. (USA)

6. Avigen, Inc. (USA)

Table 58: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

7. Axonyx, Inc. (USA)

8. Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH (Germany)

Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (USA)

Boehringer Ingelheim (Egypt)

9. Brainstorm Cell Therapeutics, Inc. (USA)

10. Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (USA)

Table 59: Half Yearly Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ million)

Table 60: Half Yearly Sales Analysis by Quarter: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ million)

Table 61: Half Yearly Sales Analysis by Business Segment: 2005-2006 (In US$ million)

Table 62: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

Bristol-Myers Squibb GmbH & Co. KgaA (Germany):

11. CeNeS Pharmaceuticals PLC (England)

12. Cephalon, Inc. (USA)

Table 63: First Quarter Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (In US$ million)

Table 64: Annual Sales Analysis: 2003-2005 (In US$ million)

Table 65: Annual Sales Analysis by Geographic Region: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

13. Ceregene, Inc. (USA)

14. Cita Neuropharmaceuticals, Inc. (Canada)

15. CMI India Pvt., Limited (India)

16. Comtan (Canada)

17. Desitin Arzneimittel GmbH (Germany)

18. Draxis Health, Inc. (Canada)

19. Eisai Co., Ltd. (Japan)

Table 66: First Quarter Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (In ¥ billion)

Table 67: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (In ¥ billion)

Table 68: Annual Sales Analysis by Product Segment: 2004-2005 (In ¥ billion)

Table 69: Annual Sales Analysis by Geographic Region: 2004-2005 (In ¥ billion)

Eisai, Inc. (USA)

20. Eli Lilly and Company (USA)

Table 70: First Quarter Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (In US$ million)

Table 71: First Quarter Sales Analysis by Segment: 2005-2006 (In US$ million)

Table 72: First Quarter Sales Analysis by Product: 2005-2006 (In US$ million)

Table 73: Annual Sales Analysis: 2003-2005 (In US$ million)

Table 74: Annual Sales Analysis by Segment: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

Table 75: Annual Sales Analysis by Product: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

Table 76: Annual Sales Analysis by Geographic Region: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

Eli Lilly and Company Limited (UK)

21. Epix Pharmaceuticals (USA)

Table 77: Half Yearly Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ thousands)

Table 78: Half Yearly Sales Analysis by Segment: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ thousands)

Table 79: Annual Sales Analysis: 2003-2005 (In US$ thousands)

Table 80: Annual Sales Analysis by Segment: 2004-2005 (In US$ thousands)

22. Ester Neurosciences Ltd. (Israel)

23. Exelon (USA)

24. F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. (Switzerland)

Table 81: First Quarter Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (In CHF billion)

Table 82: First Quarter Sales Analysis by Segment: 2005-2006 (In CHF billion)

Table 83: Annual Sales Analysis: 2003-2005 (In CHF billion)

25. Forest Laboratories, Inc. (USA)

Table 84: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2006 (In US$ million)

Table 85: Annual Sales Analysis by Quarter: 2005-2006 (In US$ million)

Table 86: Annual Sales Analysis by Geographic Region: 2005-2006 (In US$ million)

Table 87: Annual Sales Analysis by Quarter: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

Table 88: Annual Sales Analysis by Geographic Region: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

Forest Pharmaceuticals Inc. (USA)

26. Gerolymatos P. N., SA (Greece)

27. GlaxoSmithKline PLC (UK)

Table 89: Annual Sales Analysis: 2003-2005 (In £ million)

Table 90: Annual Sales Analysis by Segment: 2004-2005 (In £ million)

GlaxoSmithkline NZ Ltd. (New Zealand)

Glaxosmithkline SpA (Italy)

28. H. Lundbeck AS (Denmark)

Table 91: Annual Sales Analysis: 2003-2005 (In DKK billion)

Table 92: Annual Sales Analysis by Quarter: 2004-2005 (In DKK billion)

Table 93: Annual Sales Analysis by Product Segment: 2004-2005 (In DKK billion)

Table 94: Annual Sales Analysis by Geographic Region: 2004-2005 (In DKK billion)

Lundbeck Espana SA (Spain)

29. Impax Laboratories, Inc. (USA)

30. Johnson & Johnson (USA)

Table 95: First Quarter Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (In US$ billion)

Table 96: Annual Sales Analysis: 2003-2005 (In US$ billion)

Table 97: Annual Sales Analysis by Quarter: 2004-2005 (In US$ billion)

Table 98: Annual Sales Analysis by Segment: 2004-2005 (In US$ billion)

Table 99: Annual Sales Analysis by Geographic Region: 2004-2005 (In US$ billion)

Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development LLC (USA)

Janssen LP (USA)

31. Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd. (Japan)

Table 100: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2006 (In ¥ billion)

32. Medtronic, Inc. (USA)

Table 101: Annual Sales Analysis: 2003-2006 (In US$ billion)

Table 102: Annual Sales Analysis by Quarter: 2005-2006 (In US$ billion)

Table 103: Annual Sales Analysis by Segment: 2005-2006 (In US$ billion)

Table 104: Annual Sales Analysis by Geographic Region: 2005-2006 (In US$ billion)

Table 105: Annual Sales Analysis by Quarter: 2004-2005 (In US$ billion)

Table 106: Annual Sales Analysis by Segment: 2004-2005 (In US$ billion)

Table 107: Annual Sales Analysis by Geographic Region: 2004-2005 (In US$ billion)

33. Merck & Co., Inc. (USA)

Table 108: Half Yearly Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ million)

Table 109: Half Yearly Sales Analysis by Product: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ million)

Table 110: Annual Sales Analysis: 2003-2005 (In US$ million)

Table 111: Annual Sales Analysis by Product: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

Table 112: Annual Sales Analysis by Geographic Region: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

34. Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH (Germany)

35. Mirapex (USA)

36. Myriad Genetics, Inc. (USA)

Table 113: Nine Months Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (Nine Months Ended, March) (In US$ million)

Table 114: Nine Months Sales Analysis by Quarter: 2005- 2006 (Nine Months Ended, March) (In US$ million)

Table 115: Nine Months Sales Analysis by Segment: 2005- 2006 (Nine Months Ended, March) (In US$ million)

Table 116: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

Table 117: Annual Sales Analysis by Quarter: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

Table 118: Annual Sales Analysis by Segment: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

37. Neuren Pharmaceuticals Limited (New Zealand)

Table 119: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (In NZ$ million)

Table 120: Annual Sales Analysis by Segment: 2004-2005 (In NZ$ million)

38. Neurim Pharmaceuticals (1991) Ltd. (Israel)

39. Neurochem, Inc. (Canada)

Table 121: Half Yearly Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (H1) (In Can$ million)

Table 122: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (In Can$ million)

40. Neurologix, Inc. (USA)

41. Newron Pharmaceuticals SpA (Italy)

42. Novartis AG (Switzerland)

Table 123: Half Yearly Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ million)

Table 124: Half Yearly Sales Analysis by Segment: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ million)

Table 125: Annual Sales Analysis: 2003-2005 (In US$ million)

Table 126: Annual Sales Analysis by Segment: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

Table 127: Annual Sales Analysis by Geographic Region: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation (USA)

Novartis Deutschland GmbH (Germany)

Novartis Pharma GmbH (Germany)

43. NsGene A/S (Denmark)

44. Nymox Pharmaceutical Corporation (Canada)

Table 128: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

45. Orion Corporation (Finland)

46. Ortho-McNeil Neurologics, Inc. (USA)

47. Pfizer, Inc. (USA)

Table 129: Half Yearly Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ billion)

Table 130: Half Yearly Sales Analysis by Segment: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ billion)

Table 131: Half Yearly Sales Analysis by Geographic Region: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ billion)

Table 132: Annual Sales Analysis: 2003-2005 (In US$ billion)

Pfizer Australia Pty., Ltd. (Australia)

Pfizer Manufacturing Belgium NV (Belgium)

48. Pharmacopeia Drug Discovery, Inc. (USA)

Table 133: Half Yearly Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ million)

Table 134: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

49. Pharmaline Sal (Lebanon)

50. ReGen Therapeutics PLC (UK)

Table 135: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (In £ million)

51. ReNeuron Ltd. (UK)

52. Richter Gedeon (Hungary)

53. Samaritan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (USA)

54. Sanofi-Aventis (France)

Table 136: Half Yearly Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (H1) (In € million)

Table 137: Half Yearly Sales Analysis by Quarter: 2005-2006 (H1) (In € million)

Table 138: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (In € million)

Table 139: Annual Sales Analysis by Segment: 2004-2005 (In € million)

Table 140: Annual Sales Analysis by Geographic Region: 2004-2005 (In € million)

55. Schering España SA (Spain)

56. Sciele Pharma, Inc. (USA)

Table 141: Half Yearly Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ million)

Table 142: Half Yearly Sales Analysis by Segment: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ million)

Table 143: Annual Sales Analysis: 2003-2005 (In US$ million)

Table 144: Annual Sales Analysis by Quarter: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

57. Senexis Limited (UK)

58. Shire Pharmaceuticals Group PLC (UK)

Table 145: Half Yearly Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (H1) (In US$ million)

Table 146: Half Yearly Sales Analysis by Quarter: 2004-2005 (H1) (In US$ million)

59. Somerset Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (USA)

60. Stalevo (USA)

61. StemCells, Inc. (USA)

Table 147: Half Yearly Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ million)

Table 148: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

62. Terapia (Romania)

63. Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. (Israel)

Table 149: First Quarter Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (In US$ billion)

Table 150: Annual Sales Analysis: 2003-2005 (In US$ billion)

64. Titan Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (USA)

Table 151: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

65. TorreyPines Therapeutics (USA)

66. Unipharm Ltd. (Israel)

67. Valeant Pharmaceuticals International (USA)

Table 152: Half Yearly Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ million)

Table 153: Half Yearly Sales Analysis By Quarter: 2005-2006 (H1) (In US$ million)

Table 154: Annual Sales Analysis: 2003-2005 (In US$ million)

Table 155: Annual Sales Analysis by Quarter: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

68. Vernalis PLC (UK)

Table 156: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (In £ million)

69. Voyager Pharmaceutical Corporation (USA)

70. Wyeth (USA)

Table 157: First Quarter Sales Analysis: 2005-2006 (In US$ million)

Table 158: First Quarter Sales Analysis by Segment: 2005-2006 (In US$ million)

Table 159: Annual Sales Analysis: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

Table 160: Annual Sales Analysis by Quarter: 2004-2005 (In US$ million)

71. Zentiva AS Praha (Czech Republic)

72. Zhejiang Yixin Pharmaceutical Company Limited (China)

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