Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the CNS that causes significant disability in young adults. It is thought to be an autoimmune disorder that results in inflammation and scarring of the myelin sheaths covering nerves. The age of onset ranges from 10 to 50 years, and is two to three times more common in women than men. Epidemiologic studies show that MS occurs at a higher rate among individuals from white northern latitudes.

Several studies indicate that those who were born and spent the early years of life in northern areas carry and increased risk of MS even if they migrate south at some time later in life.

The prevalence rate of MS in the United States is approximately 57.8 per 100,000. Above the 37th parallel, the prevalence is reported at 68.8 per 100,000, and below it, it is reported at 35.5 per 100,000 Scientists continue their extensive efforts to create new and better therapies for MS. One of the most promising MS research areas involves naturally occurring antiviral proteins known as interferons. Beta interferon has been shown to reduce the number of exacerbations and may slow the progression of physical disability.

When attacks do occur, they tend to be shorter and less severe. In addition, there are a number of treatments under investigation that may curtail attacks or improve function. Over a dozen clinical trials testing potential therapies are underway, and additional new treatments are being devised and tested in animal models. There are a variety of treatments for M.S. which are indicated to slow the progress of the disease.