Urology

Urology is concerned with the human urination system. Urine is the body’s method of removing extra water and waste the kidneys filter out of the blood. Urine should generally be yellow in color and transparent. Cloudy urine is often a sign of a bladder or kidney infection. Accompanying symptoms might include burning upon urination or increased frequency of urination.

An example of urology would be a physical examination and classification of urine.

With rare exception, the only thing to be concerned about as far as the color of one’s urine is whether there's blood in it. That could signify a bladder or kidney infection, kidney stones, or, less often, a cancer in or near the urinary tract, such as cancer of the prostate, kidney, or bladder.

Red is not the only color that bloody urine can take on. It might also be orange or brown. Fortunately, red, orange, or brown urine is much more frequently a sign of having eaten a certain food or taken a certain drug rather than a serious medical condition. Pink or red urine can signify blood in the urine, such as due to kidney or bladder infection or cancer, certain foods like blackberry or beets, and some laxatives. Green-Blue urine can be a side effect of certain medications such as amitriptyline (Elavil) and rifampin (Rifadin) and a result of certain food dyes and foods such as asparagus. Brown or tea color can be indicative of blood in the urine or liver disorders (especially if accompanied by pale stool and jaundice). It can also be a side effect of some medications including methocarbamol (Robaxin) and metronidazole (Flagyl). Orange and yellow could also have indications.