Air Pollution Control Equipment and Services in Italy: A Strategic Entry Report, 2000

1 Introduction & Methodology
1.1 What does this report cover?
1.2 Evaluating Italy
1.3 Latent Demand and Accessibility in Italy

2 Air Pollution Control Equipment And Services
2.1 Latent Demand and Accessibility: Background
2.2 Latent Demand: Aspects of Interest
2.2.1 Market Profile
2.2.2 Statistical Data
2.2.3 Best Sales Prospect
2.3 Accessibility: The Structure of Competition
2.3.1 Local Production
2.3.2 Third Country Imports
2.3.3 U.S. Presence
2.3.4 Marketing Strategy
2.3.5 End-User Analysis
2.4 Accessibility: Key Factors
2.4.1 Import Climate
2.4.2 Distribution Practices
2.4.3 Financing
2.5 key Contacts
2.5.1 Public Sector
2.5.2 Trade Organizations
2.5.3 Trade Publications
2.5.4 Standards
2.5.5 Engineering and Manufacturers
2.5.6 Importers and Distributors
2.5.7 Trade Events

3 The Economics Of Latent Demand In Italy
3.1 Executive Summary
3.2 Economic Issues in Italy
3.2.1 Economic Dynamics
3.2.2 Dynamic Markets
3.2.3 Government Intervention Risks
3.2.4 Balance of Payments Situation
3.2.5 Infrastructure Development

4 Export Accessibility In Italy
4.1 Executive Summary
4.2 Exporting to Italy
4.2.1 The Banking System
4.2.2 Exchange Control Risks
4.2.3 General Availability of Financing
4.2.4 Financing Export Strategies
4.2.5 Availability of Project Financing
4.2.6 Trade Barrier Risks
4.2.7 Government Procurement
4.2.8 Customs Regulations/Tariff Rates/Import License Requirements
4.2.9 Value-Added Taxes
4.2.10 Temporary Goods Entry Requirements
4.2.11 Goods in Transit
4.2.12 Inward and Outward Processing
4.2.13 Special Import/Export Requirements and Certifications
4.2.14 Labeling Requirements
4.2.15 Restrictions on Imports
4.2.16 Warranty and Non-Warranty Repairs
4.2.17 Local Standards
4.2.18 Free Trade Zone Options
4.2.19 Adherence to Free Trade Agreements
4.2.20 Import/Export Regulation Risks
4.2.21 Basic Labeling Requirements in the EU/Italy

5 Direct Investment Accessibility In Italy
5.1 Executive Summary: Infrastructure
5.2 Executive Summary: Natural Resources
5.3 Executive Summary: Industry
5.4 Direct Investment in Italy
5.4.1 Attitudes Toward Foreign Direct Investment
5.4.2 Private Ownership Risks
5.4.3 Protecting Property
5.4.4 Adequacy of Laws and Regulation Governing Commercial Transactions
5.4.5 Trade Zones & Free Ports
5.4.6 Direct Investment Incentives and Requirements
5.4.7 Regulatory Corruption Risks
5.4.8 Corruption Risks
5.4.9 The Local Labor Market
5.4.10 Efficiency of Capital Markets and Portfolio Investment
5.4.11 Currency Conversion and Transfer Risks
5.4.12 Expropriation Risks
5.4.13 Dispute Settlement Risks
5.4.14 Key Bilateral Investment Agreements
5.4.15 Capital Outflow and Repatriation Risks
5.4.16 Large Foreign Direct Investments

6 Marketing & Distribution In Italy
6.1 Executive Summary
6.2 Marketing and Distribution in Italy
6.2.1 Distribution and Sales Channels
6.2.2 Retail Distribution in Italy
6.2.3 Agents/Distributors
6.2.4 Appointing an Agent or a Distributor
6.2.5 Franchising Activities
6.2.6 Market Demand
6.2.7 End-User Profile
6.2.8 Competitive Situation
6.2.9 Best Sales Prospects
6.2.10 Legal Requirements
6.2.11 Financing
6.2.12 Direct Marketing Options
6.2.13 Leasing
6.2.14 Joint Venture and Licensing Options
6.2.15 Creating a Sales Office
6.2.16 Advertising and Trade Promotion
6.2.17 Newspapers and Magazines
6.2.18 Television
6.2.19 Radio
6.2.20 Motion Picture Theaters
6.2.21 Posters and Billboards
6.2.22 Show Windows and Flyers
6.2.23 Trade Fairs
6.2.24 Pricing Issues
6.2.25 Quotes and Payment Terms
6.2.26 Selling Techniques/Service/Customer Support
6.2.27 Public Sector Marketing
6.2.28 Intellectual Property Risks
6.2.29 Laws Governing Patents and Licensing
6.2.30 Laws Governing Trademarks
6.2.31 Laws Governing Copyrights
6.2.32 EU Initiatives on IPR
6.2.33 Marketing Agricultural Products

7 Human Resource Assessment In Italy
7.1 Executive Summary
7.2 Human Resources in Italy
7.2.1 Unionization in Italy
7.2.2 Collective Bargaining in Italy
7.2.3 Workweek and Minimum Wages in Italy
7.2.4 Forced Labor in Italy
7.2.5 Working Ages and Child Labor in Italy

8 Political Risk Assessment In Italy
8.1 Executive Summary: Government
8.2 Executive Summary: Military Organization
8.3 Democracy in Italy
8.4 Political Issues in Italy
8.4.1 Major Political Issues Affecting Business Climate
8.4.2 Political System
8.4.3 Major Political Parties
8.4.4 Politics and Agriculture

9 Legal Risk Assessment In Italy
9.1 Executive Summary
9.2 Legal Issues in Italy
9.2.1 Privacy, Search and Seizure
9.2.2 Trial Justice in Italy
9.2.3 Excessive Punishment in Italy

10 Cultural And Demographic Risks In Italy
10.1 Executive Summary
10.2 Cultural Issues in Italy
10.2.1 Racial, Ethnic and Discrimination Issues in Italy
10.2.2 Women's Rights and Gender Issues in Italy
10.2.3 Religion in Italy
10.2.4 Fundamental Human Rights in Italy

11 Historical Background
11.1 Social and Political History
11.1.10th-Century History
11.1.2 Italy's Cultural Contributions
11.1.3 Political and Governmental History
11.1.4 Historical International Relations