Preclinical Models: Innovative solutions to accelerate drug discovery and development
Business Insights
February 10, 2010 131 Pages - SKU: RET2607045
|
|
| Preclinical models are developed to test lead compounds for toxicity and efficacy. They are valuable tools to minimize development costs and reduce failures prior to commencement of human trials. Problems with traditional animal models such as cost, ethics, and suitability has prompted researchers to develop new models and systems to overcome such disadvantages. Alternative approaches include new vertebrate, nonvertebrate, computer-based and imaging models that offer new perspectives and utility to aid the drug discovery and development process. ‘Preclinical Models’ is a new report published by Business Insights that explores novel preclinical models that show promise to expedite and improve the target validation and lead optimization timeline and discusses the various advantages and disadvantages of ADMET screening technologies to provide insight on which models or systems may enhance the R&D function of pharmaceutical and biotechnology organisations. Additionally, this report provides an outlook for preclinical testing over the next decade and how pharmaceutical companies may need to adjust to new systems and models to improve their efficiencies. It uniquely focuses on more than 60 companies that are involved in using or developing ADMET technologies to advance preclinical research and provides an update on recent company activities and developments where new models and systems are employed to accelerate the discovery and development process.
|
- Preclinical models
- Executive summary
- Preclinical models in drug discovery and development
- In vivo models in preclinical research
- In vitro models in preclinical research
- In silico models in preclinical research
- Systems biology models in drug discovery
- Chapter 1 Preclinical models in drug discovery and development
- Summary
- Introduction: importance of preclinical models for toxicity screening in drug development
- Preclinical ADMET testing systems
- The challenge: reducing drug attrition rates in preclinical screening
- Importance of ADMET screening
- Applying of ADMET to the drug discovery and development process
- Importance of in vivo models
- Established in vivo and in vitro ADMET tools to screen compounds
- Toxicity and genotoxicity screening
- Predicting toxicity with paracellular markers
- In vitro ADMET screening in preclinical drug development
- Advantages and disadvantages of conventional ADME screening tools in preclinical drug development
- Oral absorption prediction
- Metabolism prediction
- In vivo ADMET animal models
- Established ADMET study methods in animal models
- Radiolabels
- Cassette dosing
- Semi-simultaneous dosing
- Conclusion
- Limitations of traditional in vitro and in vivo ADMET screening methods
- New approaches to predict ADMET in preclinical development
- Metabolomics
- Advantages of metabolomics in drug discovery and development
- Lead prioritization using metabolomics
- Metabolomics and ADMET studies
- Strengths and limitations of metabolomics for preclinical research
- Metabolomics and “systems biology” - a unified approach to preclinical
- ADMET screening
- Company focus: Merrimack Pharmaceuticals
- Other emergent technologies used in preclinical drug discovery and development
- Nanotechnologies in preclinical studies
- Novel imaging systems
- Preclinical research and recent multinational pharmaceutical company activities
- Bayer AG and Nimbus Biotechnology
- Pfizer/Johnson and Johnson and WuXi Pharma Tech
- Roche
- Sanofi-Aventis
- UCB Pharma
- Chapter 2 In vivo models in preclinical research
- Summary
- Vertebrate animal models in preclinical discovery and development
- Assessment of predictive value of animal models
- Rodent models
- The need for improved small animal models
- Humanized rodent models
- Advantages and disadvantages of zebrafish models in preclinical research
- Recent progress with vertebrate models
- ADMET screens and zebrafish models: company developments and technologies
- Discovery Genomics
- Evotec AG
- Phylonix
- Summit
- ZF Biolabs
- Zygogen
- ADMET screens in rodent models: selected company developments and technologies
- Lexicon Pharmaceuticals
- Taconic
- Xenogen’s (now part of Caliper)
- Sigma-Aldrich
- Invertebrate animal models in preclinical discovery and development
- Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)
- Aktogen
- En Vivo Pharmaceuticals
- Exelixis
- Medros Pharmaceuticals
- Caenorhadbitis elegans (nematode)
- Novel in vivo/ex-vivo focus: Locusta migratoria (locust)
- Chapter 3 In vitro models in preclinical research
- Summary
- Importance of in vitro models in preclinical toxicity testing
- In vitro technologies for drug discovery and development
- Recent company developments
- Affymetrix
- Beckman Coulter
- Covance
- Gene Logic
- HemoGenix
- Recent developments in drug transport and metabolism
- Qualyst
- Xenobiotic Laboratories
- Progress in cell-based in vitro assays
- Use of cultured cells for ADMET studies in preclinical research
- In vitro distribution
- In vitro solubility
- In vitro ADMET assays and cell-type selection
- Recent developments in cell-based platforms for preclinical drug screening
- Cell-based assays and liver toxicity
- Stem cells in drug discovery and development
- Stem cells and ADMET in drug discovery and development
- Novel in vitro technologies in preclinical research
- Nanotechnologies and ADMET in drug discovery and development
- Chapter 4 In silico models in preclinical research
- Summary
- In silico models in drug discovery and development
- Molecular modeling in silico
- Computer models to predict ADMET
- Methodological approaches to in silico models
- Recent commercial developments and activities
- Accelrys
- Advanced Chemistry Development
- Aureus Pharma
- Chemical Computing Group
- Entelos
- Gene Network Sciences
- Leadscope
- Life Technologies Corporation
- Molecular Discovery
- Molecular Networks
- Noray Bioinformatics
- Schrödinger
- Simcyp
- Simulations Plus
- TerraBase
- Tripos
- Chapter 5 Systems biology models in drug discovery
- Summary
- Systems biology: integrative science for drug discovery
- Predictive biosimulation platforms to aid preclinical research
- Virtual organs and patients
- Pathway biology systems: recent commercial developments and activities
- Ariadne Genomics
- GeneGo
- Genomatix
- Genstruct
- Ingenuity Systems
- Merrimack Pharmaceuticals
- Physiomics
- Considerations for preclinical models in drug discovery and development
- Key points and recommendations
- Appendix
- Abbreviations and acronyms
- Primary research methodology
- References
- Other sources
- Index
- List of Figures
- Figure 1.1: Established preclinical ADMET systems and models for drug discovery and development
- Figure 1.2: Common reasons for a drug candidate’s failure
- Figure 1.3: Key advantages & disadvantages of animal models in preclinical drug development
- Figure 1.4: Animal models (%) used in preclinical ADMET studies
- Figure 2.5: Advantages and disadvantages of zebrafish for preclinical ADMET screening in drug discovery and development
- Figure 2.6: Preclinical ADMET screen types offered by Evotec AG
- Figure 2.7: Rationale for use of Drosophila as preclinical model for neurobiological disease
- Figure 4.8: Factors limiting the use of in silico ADMET models
- Figure 5.9: Drivers of systems biology in pharmaceutical R&D
- List of Tables
- Table 1.1: Routine screens to assess ADME of drug candidates in discovery
- Table 2.2: Key advantages of Drosophila in preclinical drug discovery and development
- Table 3.3: Commonly used cultured cells for in-vitro permeability assays
Share this report
Other tasks Related Markets Drug Discovery Reports Free Alert Me service Receive bi-weekly email alerts on new market research Sign Up Today!
|
