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This in-depth study analyzes commercial developments in therapeutic enzyme inhibitors and receptor blockers. This $75 billion market is undergoing rapid change as new technologies such as genomics, proteomics, high-throughput screening, rational drug design, and combinatorial chemistry are being integrated into drug development and discovery. These technologies are expanding the number of drugs in clinical testing, as well as bringing completely new classes of drugs to market. The study looks at these technologies and explains their effect upon the market for inhibitors and blockers. It then makes detailed market forecasts for the period through 2006 and profiles the major companies involved in blockers and inhibitors.
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Additional InformationREASONS FOR THIS STUDY AND OBJECTIVES
This in-depth study analyzes commercial developments in small-molecule therapeutic enzyme inhibitors and receptor blockers. This $121 billion market is undergoing rapid change as new technologies such as genomics, proteomics, high-throughput screening, rational drug design, and combinatorial chemistry are being integrated into drug development and discovery. These technologies are expanding the number of drugs in clinical testing, as well as bringing completely new classes of drugs to market.
The study looks at these technologies and explains their effect upon the market for inhibitors and blockers. It then makes detailed and unbiased forecasts for the period 2000-2006 and profiles the major companies involved in blockers and inhibitors.
AUDIENCE FOR THIS REPORT
This report offers a broad, yet detailed overview of small-molecule inhibitors and blockers. Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies working in the field will find the report useful in that it provides an unbiased assessment of the market potential of these compounds. In addition, the report provides an explanation of both the technology and the market effects of new technologies such as genomics, proteomics, high-throughput screening and bio-informatics upon the drug industry.
Investors will find the report particularly interesting, since it is rare to find a neutral appraisal of future prospects for the drug industry.
SCOPE AND CONTENT
This study surveys small-molecule enzyme inhibitors and receptor blockers which are either already used or will be used as medicine within the next 5 years (by the end of 2006). Promising inhibitors and blockers in the early stages of development are profiled, but the emphasis is strongly upon drugs that are either on the market, or will be on the market within the time frame of this study.
In addition to profiling drugs and explaining the mechanism by which these drugs achieve their efficacy, the report breaks out the major medical markets for receptors and blockers
This report does not cover inhibitors or blockers that are used for research purposes only. Due to governmental restrictions on drugs, these compounds will not be sold on the market for at least several years after 2006.
We do not cover antibiotics, biologics, agonists or antisense drugs. Although one could easily include these in a report on inhibitors and blockers, we feel that the market dynamics as well as mechanism of effect are sufficiently different so customers interested in these markets would be better served by other BCC reports.
Similarly, we do not include inhibitors or blockers used as pesticides (even though most pesticides are blockers) since agricultural markets have completely different market dynamics.
METHODOLOGY AND SOURCES
This report uses a combination of direct and indirect sources. Direct sources include interviews and conversations with scientists and analysts. Indirect sources include company news releases, governmental and nongovernmental agencies, scientific journals and the popular press.
Sales were gathered from the most recently available data and represent worldwide sales of both branded and generic prescription drugs. In nearly all cases, this involved recently announced 2001 year-end reports. In cases where the year-end reports weren't available and companies would not provide estimates for 2001 sales, the data was trended from the last available information whether it was third quarter or first half sales figures.
In some cases, data was not available. In these cases (usually generic drugs) estimates were made using patient populations, percentages treated with other drugs and average sales prices. In these cases it is clearly stated that these estimates are "rough."
Estimates of future worldwide growth depended primarily upon a baseline growth estimate of 8%. According to multiple estimates by research institutes, nongovernment and industry sources, overall worldwide pharmaceutical sales have grown at 8% over the past 4 decades. The growth rate has been higher over the past decade, but we estimate that it will revert to the mean on the back of numerous patent expirations.
Estimated for future sales growth within individual markets depended upon: patent expirations, percentage of the market penetrated, generic competition, competing drug classes, the introduction of new drugs, demographic growth and shifts, recent study results, and other variables. In each case where a forecast is made, the most important factors are listed. All figures for 2006 refer to the end of the year.
Sales are presented in millions of dollars, unless otherwise noted.
ANALYST CREDENTIALS
Robert J. Cyran has a Master's degree in Economics from the University of Birmingham, UK. For the past several years he has worked as an editor and biotechnology correspondent for various publications, among them Forbes Magazine and Worldlyinvestor.com.
INTRODUCTION
REASONS FOR THIS STUDY AND OBJECTIVES
AUDIENCE FOR THIS REPORT
SCOPE AND CONTENT
METHODOLOGY AND SOURCES
ANALYST CREDENTIALS
RELATED BCC PUBLICATIONS
REPORTS
MONTHLY NEWSLETTER
BCC ON-LINE SERVICES
SUMMARY
OVERVIEW
BACKGROUND
ENZYMES
THE FUNCTION OF ENZYMES
TYPES OF INHIBITORS
Competitive, Noncompetitive, and Uncompetitive
Reversible and Irreversible
Selective and Nonselective
RECEPTOR BLOCKERS
FUNCTION OF RECEPTORS
RECEPTOR FAMILIES
Ion Channel Receptors
Intracellular Receptors
G-Protein Receptors
Enzyme-Linked Receptors (Kinases and Phosphatases)
TYPES OF RECEPTOR BLOCKERS
Reversible and Irreversible
Selective and Nonselective
Agonists, Antagonists and Partial Agonists
INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES
BIOTECHNOLOGY COMPANIES
DRUG DISCOVERY
TRADITIONAL DRUG DISCOVERY
GENOMICS AND PROTEOMICS
TARGET VALIDATION
COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY
HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREENING
RATIONAL DRUG DISCOVERY
CHIRAL CHEMISTRY
MARKET STRUCTURE AND PRESSURES
GOVERNMENTAL REGULATION
DRUG DEVELOPMENT COSTS AND GENERIC COMPETITION
PRICE LIMITATIONS AND CONTROLS
INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS AND CHALLENGES
DEMOGRAPHICS
ENZYME INHIBITORS
HYDROLASES CLASS
ACE
ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE
CATHEPSIN
COMPLEMENT CONVERTASE
FACTOR XA
HIV INTEGRASE
HIV PROTEASE
HIV REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE
M2
MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE
NEURAMINIDASE
PEPSIN
PHOSPHODIESTERASES
PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS (ATPASE INHIBITORS)
RENIN
THROMBIN
NEUTRAL ENDOPEPTIDASE (VASOPEPTIDASE INHIBITORS)
VIRAL DNA POLYMERASE
OXOIDOREDUCTASE CLASS
AROMATASE
AROMATIC DECARBOXYLASE
CYCLOOXYGENASE
DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE
5-ALPHA REDUCTASE
HMG-COA REDUCTASE
MONOAMINE OXIDASE
PFOX
RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE
TYROSINE HYDROXYLASE
TRANSFERASE CLASS
ACAT
CATECHOL-O-METHYLTRANSFERASE (COMT)
FARNESYL TRANSFERASE
GABA TRANSAMINASE
GLUCOSYLCERAMIDE SYNTHASE
POLY (ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE
PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE
TYROSINE KINASES
Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)
SERINE-THREONINE KINASES
TELOMERASE
THYMIDYLATE KINASE (TMP KINASE)
THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE
OTHER ENZYME INHIBITORS
AROMATIC DECARBOXYLASE
BETA AND GAMA-SECRETASE
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
TOPOISOMERASE
RECEPTOR BLOCKERS
THE NEUROTRANSMITTER CLASS
ACETYLCHOLINE (MUSCARINIC)
ALPHA ADRENORECEPTOR
BETA ADRENORECEPTOR
BRADYKININ
CHOLECYSTOKININ
DOPAMINE
GABA
GLYCINE
HISTAMINE
HISTAMINE(1)
HISTAMINE(2)
NEUROPEPTIDE Y
NMDA (N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE)
OPIATE
NEUROKININ-1 (NK-1 OR SUBSTANCE P)
SEROTONIN (5-HYDROXTRYPTAMINE)
ION-CHANNEL CLASS
CALCIUM
ACETYLCHOLINE (NICOTINIC)
SODIUM
HORMONE CLASS
ALDOSTERONE
ANDROGEN
ANGIOTENSIN II
CORTISOL
ENDOTHELIN
ESTROGEN
GROWTH HORMONE
LEUKOTRIENES
LUTEINIZING HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE
PARATHYROID HORMONE
PROGESTERONE
RETINOID
OTHERS
EGF
GLYCOPROTEIN IIB/IIIA
IL-1 AND IL-2
TNF-ALPHA
APPLICATIONS
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE OVERVIEW
HYPERTENSION
HIGH CHOLESTEROL
ARRHYTHMIA
CLOT DISSIPATION AND PREVENTION
ANGINA
NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE AND CONDITIONS OVERVIEW
PAINKILLERS
ANTI-PSYCHOTICS
ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
PARKINSON’S DISEASE
SEIZURE
GASTROINTESTINAL OVERVIEW
GASTROINTESTINAL ULCERS AND GASTRITIS
NAUSEA
IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME
CANCER OVERVIEW
GROWTH FACTOR ANTAGONISTS
ANTI-METABOLITES
TOPOISOMERASE INHIBITORS
HORMONE INHIBITORS
RESPIRATORY OVERVIEW
ASTHMA AND COPD
ALLERGY
VIRAL INFECTIONS OVERVIEW
HIV
INFLUENZA
OTHER VIRUSES
OTHER CONDITIONS
GLAUCOMA
IMPOTENCE
BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERPLASIA
MARKET SHARE: INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS
COMPANY PROFILES
ABBOTT LABORATORIES
AKZO NOBEL (ORGANON)
AMERICAN HOME PRODUCTS
ASTRAZENECA
AVENTIS
BAYER AG
BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM GMBH
BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB
CELGENE
CELLTECH
CEPHALON
ELI LILLY AND CO.
FOREST LABS
GILEAD SCIENCES
GLAXOSMITHKLINE
GLIATECH
GUILFORD PHARMACEUTICALS
INTERNEURON PHARMACEUTICALS
JOHNSON & JOHNSON
LIGAND PHARMACEUTICALS
MEDIMMUNE
MERCK
MERCK KGAA
NEUROGEN
NOVARTIS
NPS PHARMACEUTICALS
ONO PHARMACEUTICALS
OSI PHARMACEUTICALS
PFIZER
PHARMACIA
ROCHE
SANOFI-SYNTHELABO
SANKYO PHARMACEUTICAL
SCHERING-PLOUGH
SYNAPTIC PHARMACEUTICAL
TAKEDA CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES
TRIANGLE PHARMACEUTICALS
VERTEX
XENOVA
LIST OF TABLES
SUMMARY TABLE:
WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITOR AND BLOCKER, THROUGH 2006
1 TOP WORLDWIDE COMPANIES SELLING INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS, 2001
2 NEW DRUGS APPROVED BY THE FDA, 1993-2001
3 LEADING GENOMICS COMPANIES
4 LEADING PROTEOMICS COMPANIES
5 LEADING TARGET VALIDATION COMPANIES
6 LEADING COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY COMPANIES
7 MEDIAN FDA APPROVAL TIME IN MONTHS, 1993-2001
8 ENZYME INHIBITORS BY CLASS-DEFINITION AND EXAMPLES
9 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITORS IN THE HYDROLASES CLASS, THROUGH 2006
10 ACE INHIBITORS AND THEIR SUPPLIERS
11 ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS AND SUPPLIERS
12 HIV PROTEASE INHIBITORS AND SUPPLIERS
13 HIV REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE (NRTIS) INHIBITORS AND SUPPLIERS
14 PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS AND SUPPLIERS
15 DIRECT THROMBIN INHIBITORS AND SUPPLIERS
16 VIRAL DNA POLYMERASE
17 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITORS IN THE OXOIDOREDUCTASE CLASS, THROUGH 2006
18 CYCLOOXYGENASE INHIBITORS AND SUPPLIERS
19 HMG-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS (STATINS) AND SUPPLIERS
20 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITORS IN THE TRANSFERASE CLASS, THROUGH 2006
21 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR OTHER ENZYME INHIBITORS, THROUGH 2006
22 TOPOISOMERASE INHIBITORS AND SUPPLIERS
23 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITOR BY CLASS, THROUGH 2006
24 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS BY CLASS: DEFINITION, FUNCTION AND EXAMPLES
25 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR RECEPTOR BLOCKERS IN THE NEUROTRANSMITTER CLASS, THROUGH 2006
26 MUSCARNIC RECEPTOR BLOCKERS AND THEIR SUPPLIERS
27 BETA-BLOCKERS AND THEIR SUPPLIERS
28 DOPAMINE RECEPTOR BLOCKERS AND THEIR SUPPLIERS
29 H1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS AND THEIR SUPPLIERS
30 H(2) RECEPTOR BLOCKERS AND THEIR SUPPLIERS
31 OPIATE RECEPTOR BLOCKERS AND THEIR SUPPLIERS
32 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR RECEPTOR BLOCKERS IN THE ION-CHANNEL CLASS, THROUGH 2006
33 CALCIUM BLOCKERS AND THEIR SUPPLIERS
34 NICOTINIC RECEPTOR BLOCKERS AND THEIR SUPPLIERS
35 SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS AND THEIR SUPPLIERS
36 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR RECEPTOR BLOCKERS IN THE HORMONE CLASS, THROUGH 2006
37 ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTOR BLOCKERS AND THEIR SUPPLIERS
38 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR RECEPTOR BLOCKERS IN THE "OTHER" CLASS, THROUGH 2006
39 WORLDWIDE SALES OF RECEPTOR BLOCKERS BY CLASS, THROUGH 2006
40 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, THROUGH 2006
41 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT HYPERTENSION: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
42 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR HIGH CHOLESTEROL: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
43 WORLDWIDE MARKET INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR ARRHYTHMIA: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
44 WORLDWIDE MARKET INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR CLOT PREVENTION: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
45 WORLDWIDE MARKET INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR ANGINA: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
46 WORLDWIDE MARKET INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES BY TYPE OF DISEASE, THROUGH 2006
47 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES, THROUGH 2006
48 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR PAIN: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
49 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR PSYCHOSIS: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
50 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR ALZHEIMER’S: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
51 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR DEPRESSION: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
52 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR PARKINSON’S: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
53 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR SEIZURE: SALES ESTIMATES THROUGH 2006
54 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES BY TYPE OF DISEASE THROUGH 2006
55 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASES, THROUGH 2006
56 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR ULCERS AND GASTRITIS: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
57 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR NAUSEA: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
58 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
59 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES BY TYPE OF DISEASE, THROUGH 2006
60 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT CANCER, THROUGH 2006
61 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR GROWTH FACTOR ANTAGONISTS FOR CANCER: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
62 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR ANTI-METABOLITES FOR CANCER: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
63 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR TOPOISOMERASE INHIBITORS FOR CANCER: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
64 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR HORMONE INHIBITORS FOR CANCER: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
65 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT CANCER BY TYPE, THROUGH 2006
66 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT RESPIRATORY DISEASES, THROUGH 2006
67 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR COPD AND ASTHMA: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
68 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR HISTAMINE BLOCKERS FOR ALLERGY: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
69 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT RESPIRATORY DISEASE BY TYPE OF DISEASE, THROUGH 2006
70 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT VIRAL INFECTION, THROUGH 2006
71 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR HIV INHIBITORS: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
72 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INFLUENZA INHIBITORS: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
73 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS FOR OTHER VIRUSES: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
74 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT VIRAL INFECTION BY TYPE OF INFECTION, THROUGH 2006
75 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT OTHER CONDITIONS, THROUGH 2006
76 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR GLAUCOMA: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
77 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS FOR IMPOTENCE: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
78 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS FOR BENIGN PROSTATE ENLARGEMENT: SALES ESTIMATES, THROUGH 2006
79 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS TO TREAT OTHER DISEASES BY TYPE, THROUGH 2006
80 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR SUMMARY OF INHIBITORS AND BLOCKERS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2006
81 TOP 10 COMPANIES BY MARKET SHARE IN INHIBITOR AND BLOCKER SALES, 2001
LIST OF FIGURES
SUMMARY FIGURE: WORLDWIDE MARKET INHIBITOR AND BLOCKER, 2001 AND 2006
1 HOW AN ENZYME COMBINES TWO CHEMICALS
2 COMPETITIVE INHIBITION
3 NON-COMPETITIVE INHIBITION
4 MEDIAN FDA APPROVAL TIME IN MONTHS
5 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITORS IN THE OXOIDOREDUCTASE CLASS, 2001 AND 2006
6 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITORS IN THE TRANSFERASE CLASS, THROUGH 2006
7 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR OTHER ENZYME INHIBITORS, 2001 AND 2006
8 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR ENZYME INHIBITOR BY CLASS, 2001 AND 2006
9 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR RECEPTOR BLOCKERS IN THE NEUROTRANSMITTER CLASS, 2001 AND 2006
10 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR RECEPTOR BLOCKERS IN THE ION-CHANNEL CLASS, 2001 AND 2006
11 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR RECEPTOR BLOCKERS IN THE HORMONE CLASS, 2001 AND 2006
12 WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR RECEPTOR BLOCKERS IN THE "OTHER" CLASS, 2001 AND 2006
13 PERCENTAGE MARKET SHARE OF TOP TEN COMPANIES IN INHIBITOR AND BLOCKER SALES
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