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Home > Report Information

Computer Memory: Important Trends and Directions

BCC Research
January 1, 2003
426 Pages - Pub ID: WA854962
Price:$4428 In stock
Table of
Contents
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Computer Memory: Important Trends and Directions

 
This comprehensive study analyzes the $29 billion computer memory chip market. Emerging memory architectures, cell designs and manufacturing process technologies are expected to dramatically affect the memory chip market. Furthermore, lower memory costs and technology advances will result in new applications and markets. This report examines the memory chip market from several perspectives: demand from both traditional and emerging markets, memory wafer production capacity, product technology and manufacturing developments. Memory product and manufacturing technology evaluated includes both traditional memory and emerging. In order to assess supply and demand and its effect on the memory market, wafer production capacity by region and company is tabulated. A methodology is also given that permits the calculation of memory production capacity, data storage capacity and electrical specification improvements from advances in process technology. Average selling prices (ASP), unit volume shipments, and sales are also given for each of the important memory product segments. The report also projects revenue for each of the different memory chips by product and application from 1999 to 2007. The report also tabulates memory revenue by company. Sales revenues by product type and year for each of the memory chip manufacturers is detailed.



Additional Information

VERTICAL MARKET OVER INDEPENDENCE?

Japan has traditionally dominated the computer memory chip market. Japan's multi-nationals¾Fujitsu, Hitachi, Nippon Electric Corp (NEC), Mitsubishi, Sharp, and Toshiba¾have for the most part controlled the production and supply of memory chips. However, the major focus for Japan's multinationals hasn't been on either memory chips or semiconductors. The majority of revenue for these companies has come from the production of computers, computer peripherals, telecommunications equipment, and consumer electronic systems. Semiconductor and memory chip production has been part of a vertical integration strategy for Japan. The majority of memory chips produced by these companies have ended up in the electronic systems they produce. In the past, this strategy provided a consistent supply of memory chips at low prices. This permitted Japan to offer low-priced consumer electronics and to capture the largest share of the worldwide consumer electronics market. Furthermore, the Japanese have been able to make a profit on their computer memory chips by selling excess production on the world market.

This vertical integration strategy in a more globalized economy has not been successful in recent years. As competitors from Korea and Taiwan have increased market share and capital investment costs for the production of memory chips, the price of computer memory has gyrated. Therefore, it has been less expensive for Japan's electronics companies to purchase computer memory chips from outside vendors rather than from their own internal operations. This has resulted in significant losses for Japan's memory chip operations. In response, Japan's memory chip and consumer electronic markets have restructured. Taiwan now manufactures a large percentage of Japan's commodity memory chips such as DRAMs and ROMs. In 2002 Japan has refocused its development efforts on advanced memory chip technology and the production of higher margin chips such as flash memory chips and embedded memory for system-on-a-chip products.

For the most part, American companies abandoned the DRAM memory market. Micron Technology is now the only major American manufacturer in the DRAM market. IBM and Texas Instruments both left the mainstream DRAM market to focus on products with more market stability. Advanced Micro Devices, another American company, competes in the nonvolatile flash memory market through its joint venture manufacturing facility, Fujitsu AMD Semiconductor Ltd. (FASL). European companies such as STMicroelectronics have remained in the flash memory market, but like Texas Instruments they abandoned DRAM operations. Infineon Technologies is the last major European manufacturer that competes with Asia for a share of the DRAM market.

Unlike most European and American memory chip companies, Japanese memory companies were vertically integrated into their parent's consumer electronics operations. Japan's memory companies are part of multi-conglomerates that have major operations in other areas of the electronics market: PCs, digital cameras, supercomputers, automobiles, telecommunications and wireless phones. Because of this, Japan's memory companies were guaranteed their parent company as a primary customer. Korea's Samsung memory chip operations are also part of a multi-conglomerate, and like the Japanese, they offer a multitude of varied products. Samsung, the world's leader in memory chip sales, has operations in cellular phones, PCs, set-top boxes and televisions.

It can be concluded that Japan initially had an advantage in the memory chip market. This was because Japan's computer memory chip companies had their parent companies as guaranteed customers and as providers of the large amounts of capital needed to build computer memory chip factories. Furthermore, Japan could produce lower cost consumer electronic systems because they could obtain computer memory chips at a lower cost from their own computer memory chip operations. This situation, however, worked against them when more competitors entered the market and when the computer memory markets suffered downturns. During these times, the price of obtaining computer memory chips on the open market was less than the cost of obtaining computer memory from their own computer memory chip factories. This not only resulted in losses from Japan's computer memory operations, but also Japan was not able to compete effectively in its traditional lead market-consumer electronics.

The question facing Japan was: It is more effective for computer memory chip companies to compete as part of conglomerates or as sole entities?. From business developments in the memory chip market, the industry has concluded that an independent memory chip company is the better strategy. Computer memory chip companies as independent companies have more flexibility. For example, independent memory chip companies can form joint ventures with other computer memory chip companies, which gives them access to the large amounts of capital needed to build state of the art chip factories and low cost chips. This also frees their parent companies from devoting large amounts of capital away from their primary operations.

But is the pendulum about to swing back again? New developments in chip manufacturing suggest that Japan has reduced the initial capital investment for the production of memory chips. Recent developments at Trecenti Technologies, the joint venture between Hitachi and United Microelectronics (of Taiwan), may prove the beginning of a trend. In February 2002, Hitachi purchased United Microelectronics' interest in the venture and is now the sole investor. Trecenti was formed in March 2000 as Japan's first 12-inch wafer fabrication facility for the mass production of memory and advanced system-on-a-chip products.

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

Below are the emerging memory technologies:

  • Embedded Memory
  • CAM
  • Ferroelectric RAM (FERAM)
  • High Density Memory
  • Magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM)
  • Multichip Stacked Packaged Memory
  • PSRAM

    Magnetoresistive RAM is expected to replace flash nonvolatile technology in the long term. By 2004 if not sooner, flash memory chips will face increased competition from ferroelectric memory for cellular phone applications. In 2002, PSRAM (an embedded DRAM technology) will replace SRAM chips for cellular phone applications. By 2004, PSRAM also will be replaced with both ferroelectric and magnetoresistive RAM.

    Embedded memory technology remains an impediment to the growth of low-density discrete memory chips. This is because logic chips can now incorporate memory blocks in the megabits range. Microprocessor manufacturers, such as Intel, have developed microprocessors that have 2 Mbytes of SRAM memory within the microprocessors. This has resulted in the market for discrete SRAM chips for motherboard applications virtually disappearing and the average selling price of advanced microprocessors increasing.

    Stacked package memory, where multiple types of memory die are bonded together and stacked vertically on top of each other, is another market that will grow fast in 2002. This is because of the reduced board surface area requirements needed with stacked technology. Stacked package memory will become one of the primary types of memory chips for portable applications such as cellular phones and laptops.

    Content Addressable Memory (CAM) has emerged because it can now be produced at cost levels that are manageable for high-end applications. The technology, which is especially suited for network equipment, also offers promise in traditional applications such as PCs.

    STUDY GOAL AND OBJECTIVES

    This report has market, technical and business objectives. The market objective is to breakdown worldwide semiconductor memory product and company market shares, determine specific growth segments of the computer memory market, pinpoint potential new computer memory technology market application areas, evaluate companies that have valuable technology portfolios and examine competitive factors that the computer memory industry must face.

    REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY

    This study has been undertaken for several reasons. One is to determine the important trends and directions in the worldwide computer memory market. This includes both technology and business trends. Another reason for this study is to provide a business model to analyze the supply and demand for memory chips, which is important to both producers and purchasers of computer memory chips. Producers, in order to maximize profits and minimize losses, must plan their capital investments such that they correspond to worldwide memory chip supply and demand cycles. Buyers must also plan their purchases such that they minimize excess inventory and have ample supplies to meet demand for their end products.

    Another reason for this report is to determine both present and future applications for computer memory. Applications are one of the primary growth forces in the computer memory market. Personal computers have been the traditional growth force in the memory market, but new products such as cellular phones and digital cameras have allowed the computer memory market to further sustain itself. Future applications will be vital to both growth and profitability of the memory chip market. Without new memory chip applications, memory chip companies will not be able to grow and advance the technology.

    The final reason for this report is to determine the effects new computer memory technology will have on the industry. In this regard, this study examines recent computer memory technology developments and compares and evaluates the technology for future mass production.

    CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE STUDY AND FOR WHOM

    This study makes several important contributions. These include a methodology to determine computer memory supply and demand. In this regard, the report breaks down the various application end-user segments that contribute to demand. The report also breaks down the production capacity base of memory chip companies. A production capacity formula is presented that allows calculation of memory chip production capacity based on the feature length of the manufacturing process, wafer size and the number of wafers produced per month. The report also contributes technologically. It does so by explaining the basic technological and manufacturing components of computer memory. Furthermore the report examines technology that has the potential to significantly reduce the costs and improve the performance of electronic systems that utilize computer memory.

    The audience for this report includes professionals who must have extensive business and technology information about computer memory. This includes professionals from most segments of the electronics industry. Specifically, cost and technology driven companies such as PC, digital camera, cellular phone and electronics contract manufacturers should study this report. Advances in memory technology and developments in memory market are expected to have a profound influence on both PC and cellular phone companies operations.

    The report is also important for companies that are involved in the semiconductor market. This would include chip manufacturers, fabless semiconductor companies, design houses, semiconductor packaging and assemble companies, and semiconductor equipment manufacturers. Disk drive, smart and memory card, module companies, and producers of memory subsystems also will benefit from the report.

    The report is important for a wide variety of personnel involved in the electronic industry segments, including product development managers, investment analysts, venture capitalists, integrated circuit design team managers, operations managers, buyers, managers of R&D departments involved with the design of integrated circuits, CEOs and CFOs of both large and start-up design companies and those that create and sell computer memory design. Newly formed computer memory companies should have an interest in this report, as should distributors of computer memory.

    SCOPE AND FORMAT

    This report provides a detailed analysis of worldwide market and technology issues associated with the computer memory industry. Additionally, it provides pivotal information needed for objective investment analysis, the selection of computer memory and the acquisition of computer memory companies.

    The report's primary focus is on companies that produce memory integrated circuits. The report also includes secondary information on companies that offer technology that competes with memory integrated circuits.

    Comprehensive business information and analysis are also included. There is a breakdown of industry sales by company and product types as well as 5-year forecasts for computer memory by product type. In order to substantiate the report's conclusions, the report examines the historical financial data, venture capital funding, acquisitions, technological trends, license agreements, and distribution agreements. Also this report substantiates its conclusions through the examination of computer memory products and associated patents all with respect to the market and sales capabilities of the computer memory companies.

    Computer memory chip companies are divided into four different industry categories: Tier one IDMs, Tier two IDMs, Fabless companies, and IP companies. Tier one integrated device manufacturers (IDMs) have wafer fabrication manufacturing capabilities and annual memory chip revenues over $1 billion. Tier-two IDMs with revenues between $100 million and $1 billion are also covered. Memory chip companies without manufacturing capabilities-known as fabless companies-are also included. Fabless companies design and market memory chips and outsource the manufacture of their memory chips. Finally, Intellectual Property (IP) companies license partial or complete memory chip designs to fabless companies and IDMs.

    In addition to this tier approach, the report also breaks down the market by product type. The report classifies computer memory market into three main types: nonvolatile, volatile and specialty. The main memory types are further sub-classified into the different market product subcategories. Specific memory chip product sub-segments include CAM, DRAM, EEPROM, embedded DRAM, embedded FLASH, EPROM, ferroelectric, FLASH (Both NAND and NOR), PSRAM, ROM, SRAM and Multichip Packaged Chips (MCP). Other sub-classifications include high speed, low power mobile, and high- and low-density memory chips from 1-Gbit down to 1-Kbit.

    The report's primary focus is on the two memory chip categories that hold the majority market share: FLASH chips and DRAM chips. The other memory chip categories are broken down in less precise terms, which was due to limitations on the report's size. Therefore trade-offs on coverage were made. Although these segments of the memory chip market have been abbreviated, the salient points regarding the understanding of these markets, the trends within these markets, and their relevance to the other memory chip market segments are explored. PSRAM and CAMs are not usually classified as traditional memory chips, but embedded ones. They are covered with regard to their effect on the other segments of the memory chip market. (CAMs are also classified as network coprocessor chips.) Embedded memory is covered along with CAMs in the Specialty section of this report. PROM, a near non-existent segment of the memory market is not covered. FIFOs, which have been classified as a logic part as well as a memory chip, are mentioned briefly.

    The report also includes extensive business reference information including an address book with worldwide headquarters sites and company contacts.

    METHODOLOGY AND INFORMATION SOURCES

    The report follows standard research methodology. For this report over 200 companies and 200 different computer memory chip products were reviewed. Information sources for the report include standard company literature, annual, 10K and quarterly reports for public computer memory companies, a compendium of conference papers related to the computer memory market and trade press journals covering the computer memory market. Additionally, several important patents were reviewed in terms of their relevance to product and industry developments.

    To determine computer memory chip sales, numerous end markets that computer memory chips are used in were analyzed. The aggregate amount of computer memory used in each end market was determined. Computer memory revenue from each end market was then calculated with these aggregate sums and the average selling price of the specific type of computer memory used. Computer memory sales projections for each type of computer memory chip were then determined by projecting the growth of the applications markets.

    Where precise company product sales information is not available, the estimated product sales and company sales are determined from a plurality of business and product data. This data is correlated against a business model that is based on a statistical average. Specific data factored in includes:

  • Acquisitions history
  • Average product selling price
  • Customer base
  • End market applications
  • Facilities size, distribution and sales network
  • Import and export data
  • Manufacturing capacity Marketing expenditures
  • Number of employees in a specific unit
  • Number of products
  • Overall market growth rate
  • Product acceptance in the market place
  • R&D expenditures
  • Total available market size
  • Trade statistics

    AUTHOR'S CREDENTIALS

    Mark C. Stansberry is an analyst who covers developments in the area high technology. He has been involved in both the business and engineering aspects of integrated circuit technology. He has written for numerous integrated circuit companies and on a variety of technical and market-related subjects. He has contributed to numerous magazines in both a technical and business capacity. Finally, he has contributed significantly to the actual design and manufacturing of integrated circuits as consultant, application and test engineer. Mark Stansberry has a Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering from San Jose State University.

  • Introduction
    Vertical Market Over Independence?
    Emerging Technologies
    Study Goal And Objectives
    Reasons For Doing The Study
    Contributions Of The Study And For Whom
    Scope And Format
    Methodology And Information Sources
    Author's Credentials
    Related Bcc Publications
    Reports
    Monthly Newsletters
    Bcc On-Line Services

    Summary
    Summary Table: Worldwide Market For Semiconductor Memory, Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Summary Figure: Worldwide Market For Semiconductor Memory, 1999-2007 ($ Millions)

    Industry Overview
    Computer Memory Market Definition
    Importance Of Memory In The Electronics Industry
    Table 1. Dimensions Of Rotating Memory And Nonrotating Memory
    Bandwidth
    Table 2. Specifications Of Rotating Memory And Nonrotating, Nonvolatile Memory
    Power Consumption
    Power Consumption (Continued)
    Displacement Of Rotating Media With Memory Chip Products
    Table 3. Worldwide Nonsemiconductor Computer Memory (Storage) Market, 2001 (Non-Chip Memory Markets, Millions Of Units)
    Worldwide Semiconductor Memory Market Overview
    Table 4. Worldwide Average Selling Price Of Different Memory Chips, 1999-2007 (128-Mbit Equivalents; In $)
    Table 5. Worldiwde Memory Chip Prices For Different Memory Types, 2001 (Price Per Megabit, In $)
    Table 6. Worlwide Unit Shipments By Memory Chip Type, Through 2007 (128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 7. Worldwide Memory Revenue By Memory Chip Type, Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Computer Memory Product Market Subsegments
    Computer Memory Product Market Subsegments (Continued)
    Computer Memory Product Market Subsegments (Continued)
    Table 8. Worlwide Memory Cellular Phone Applications By Memory Chip Type, Trough 2007 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)

    Computer Memory Product Market Subsegments (Continued)
    Table 9. Worldwide Memory Chip Unit Sales For Pc Main Memory, By Memory Chip Type, Through 2007 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Computer Memory Product Market Subsegments (Continued)
    Table 10. Memory Chip Products By Type And Density
    Computer Memory Product Market Subsegments (Continued)
    Regional And Company Overview
    Table 11. Memory Production Revenue By Regional Base, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 12. Worldwide Memory Chip Sales By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 12. (Continued)
    Regional And Company Overview (Continued)
    Regional And Company Overview (Continued)
    Terminology
    Table 13. Computer Memory Terminology
    Table 13. (Continued)
    History Of The Computer Memory Chip Market
    History Of The Computer Memory Chip Market (Continued)
    Historical Acqusitions, Mergers And Joint Ventures
    Historical Acqusitions, Mergers And Joint Ventures (Continued)
    Table 14. Summary Of Acquisitons By Memory Companies, 1995-2001
    Future Influences On The Computer Memory Market

    Industry Structure
    Worldwide Computer Memory Industry Structure
    Table 15. Computer Memory Companies By Primary Product Category
    Types Of Memory Chip Companies
    Table 16. Memory Semiconductor Companies By Tier-Market Segment
    End-User Markets Of Computer Memory
    Table 17. Primary End-Product Markets For Computer Memory Chips
    Table 18. Pc Customer Base By Region
    Table 19. Worldwide Memory Card/Module Revenue, 2000 ($ Millions)
    Table 20. Japan's Secure Data (Sd) Card Production By Site, 2000 (Units Per Month)
    Government Regulations
    Influences On Sales
    Influences On Prices
    Computer Memory: Silicon Area And Price
    Table 21. Silicon Area For Different Types Of Memory Chips
    Memory Chip Electrical Specifications
    Table 22. Electrical Specifications Of Memory Chips
    Product Distribution Channels
    Table 23. Distributors Of Memory Chips
    International
    Table 24. Memory Consumption By Geographic Region, Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Table 25. Memory Chip Company Sales By Region, 2001 (Percent Of Total Company Sales)
    Table 26. U.S. Exports Of Memory By Product Type, 2001 (Million Units, $ Millions)
    Table 27. U.S. Imports Of Memory By Product Type, 2001 (Million Units, $ Millions)
    Table 27. (Continued)
    Table 28. Korean Memory Exports By Type, Second Quarter 2002 ($ Millions)
    Dram Memory Consumption By Region
    Table 29. Dram Consumption By Geographic Region, 1999 Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Table 30. Korean Exports Of Drams To The U.S., 2001 (Million Units, $ Millions)
    Table 31. Korean Dram Exports By Product Type, 2000-2002 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 32. Korean Dram Exports By Product Type (Percent Of Total Korean Dram Export Sales)
    Table 33. Micron Technology's Total Product Revenue By Region, 1999-2001* ($ Millions)
    Dram Memory Consumption By Region (Continued)
    Table 34. U.S. Exports Of Drams By Country, 2001
    Flash And Eeprom Consumption By Region
    Table 35. Flash Consumption By Geographic Region, Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Table 36. Nonvolatile Memory Exports From The U.S., 2001
    Table 37. U.S. Imports Of Eeproms, By Country, 2001 (> 900 Kbits)
    Table 38. U.S. Exports/Imports, Eeproms, 2001
    High Growth End Market Production Regions
    High Growth End Market Production Regions (Continued)
    Table 39. Computer Equipment Imports Into The U.S., By Country, 1998-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 40. China's Pc Companies And Production, 2000-2002 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 41. China's Cellular Phone Companies And Production, 2000-2002 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 42. Nokia Revenue From China, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    International Considerations For Other Types Of Memory

    Manufacturing And Techology
    Figure 1. Transistor Size And Feature Length
    Figure 2. Formula For Silicon Area As A Function Of Feature Length
    Table 43. Flash Process Technology Feature Length, By Year, 1986-2002
    Memory Cell Size And Feature Length
    Table 44. Memory Cell Sizes In Terms Of Scale Factor S
    Wafer Production Capacity, Costs And Yield
    Table 45. Silicon Surface Area For Different Size Wafers (Yield Of 75%)
    Figure 3. Wafer Edge Loss
    Table 46. Wafer Fabrication Facility Costs (200 Mm)
    Table 47. Feature Length Manufacturing Capacity, By Company, 2002

    Worldwide Nonvolatile Memory Market
    Nonvolatile Memory Product Technology
    Table 48. Nonvolatile Memory Chip Specifications
    Nonvolatile Memory Product Technology
    Table 49. Nonvolatile Market Revenue By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 49. (Continued)
    Flash Market Overview
    Flash Market Shipments
    Table 50. Worldwide Flash Shipments, Revenue And Asp, Through 2007
    Flash Product Market Segments
    Table 51. Worldwide Flash Sales By Type, Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    The Nor Flash Market
    Table 52. Nor Flash Revenue By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    The Nor Flash Market (Continued)
    The Nand Flash Market
    Table 53. Applications Of Nand Flash By Market, 2001 (Percent Of Revenue)
    Table 54. Nand/And Flash Revenue By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 55. Nand/And Flash Shipments By Company, 1999-2001 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Figure 4. Sandisk Annual Revenue, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 56. Sony Memory Stick Shipments By Application, 1999-2002 (Millions Of Units)
    Nand/And Product Specifications
    Flash Market Demand By Application
    Table 57. Flash Demand Model, By Application, Through 2007 (128-Mbit Equivalents, Millions Of Units)
    The Cellular Phone Market
    The Cellular Phone Market (Continued)
    Figure 5. Cellular Phone Design
    Table 58. Cellular Flash Customer Base By Region
    Flash Card Market
    Pda Market
    Table 59. Pda And Handheld Pc Companies By Region
    Table 60. Palm Inc. Annual Revenue By Year, 1997-2001 ($ Millions)
    Digital Camera Market
    Figure 6. Digital Camera Flash Design
    Table 61. Digital Camera Companies By Region
    The Set-Top Market
    The Set-Top Market (Continued)
    Table 62. Set-Top Companies By Region
    Flash Bios Market
    Flash Bios Market (Continued)
    Table 63. Silicon Storage Technology Sales, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 64. Silicon Storage Technology Flash Chip Prices, 2002 (For Purchase Orders Of 100,000 Units)
    Dvd Market
    Table 65. Dvd Companies By Region
    Gps Market
    Internet Phone Market
    Internet Audio Player Market
    Table 66. Internet And Audio Player Companies
    The Automotive Market
    Other Markets
    Flash Product Shipments By Application And Company
    Table 67. Nor Flash Shipments By Application And Company, 2001 (Units, Millions Of 128 Kbit Equivalents)
    Flash Product Shipments By Application And Company (Continued)
    Table 68. Nor Flash Shipments By Application And Company, 2000 (Units, Millions Of 128 Kbit Equivalents)
    Table 69. Flash Shipments By Application And Company, 1999 (Units, Millions Of 128 Kbit Equivalents)
    Flash Product Shipments By Application And Company (Continued)
    Flash Product Shipments By Application And Company (Continued)
    Table 70. Flash Customer Base, By Company
    Table 71. Atmel Customer Base By Customer
    Nor Flash Shipments By Company And Product Type
    Table 72. 128-Mbit Nor Flash Equilvalent Shipments By Company (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalent Units)
    Table 72. (Continued)
    Table 73. Nor Flash Shipments By Product Type And Company, 2001 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 73. (Continued)
    Nor Flash Shipments By Company And Product Type (Continued)
    Nor Flash Shipments By Company And Product Type (Continued)
    Table 74. Flash Shipments By Product Type And Company, 2000 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 74. (Continued)
    Flash Pricing And The Market
    Table 75. Nand Flash Chip Pricing, 1999-2002 ($ Per Chip)
    Table 76. Nor Flash Chip Pricing, 1998-2002 ($ Per Chip; Quantity Of 10k+)
    Other Flash Companies
    Table 77. Other Flash Companies
    Table 77. (Continued)
    Flash Design And Manufacturing Technology
    Table 78. Flash Cell Size Versus Feature Length
    Flash Design And Manufacturing Technology
    Flash Production Capacity Calculations
    Table 79. Flash Die Size, Process Technology, And Die Per Wafer
    Flash Production Capacity Calculations (Continued)
    Table 80. Gbits And Revenue Per Wafer By Type And Feature Length, 2001 (75% Yield, 200-Mm Wafer Size)
    Worldwide Nor Flash Wafer Production Capacity
    Worldwide Nor Flash Wafer Production Capacity (Continued)
    Worldwide Nor Flash Wafer Production Capacity (Continued)
    Table 81. Nor Flash Wafer Production Capacity By Company, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 8-Inch Wafers)
    300-Mm Flash Wafer Production Capacity
    Table 82. 300-Mm Flash Memory Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1998-2002 (Thousands Of 12 Inch Wafers)
    Regional Flash Production Analysis
    Table 83. Worldwide Total Nand/Nor Flash Production Capacity, By Region, Through 2007 (Thousands Of 8-Inch Wafer Equivalents)
    Taiwan
    Table 84. Taiwan Flash Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1998-2002 (Thousands Of 8-Inch Equivalent Wafers)
    Taiwan (Continued)
    Taiwan (Continued)
    Figure 7. Macronix Flash Sales By Month, 2001 ($ Millions)
    Taiwan (Continued)
    China
    Table 85. China's Flash Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1998-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Singapore And Malaysia
    Table 86. Singapore/Malaysia Flash Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafers)
    Japan
    Table 87. Japan's Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafers)
    Japan (Continued)
    Korea
    Table 88. Korea's Flash Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1998-2002 (Thousands Of 8-Inch Wafer Equivalents)
    Europe And The Middle East
    Table 89. Europe's Flash Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 8-Inch Wafer Equivalents)
    Table 90. Stmicroelectronics Process Road Map, 1998-2002
    North America
    Intel Flash Manufacturing Capacity
    Intel Flash Manufacturing Capacity (Continued)
    Table 91. North American 200-Mm Flash Wafer Production Capacity, 1998-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafers)
    Flash Supply Contracts
    Table 92. Sharp Flash Supplier Production, 2001-2002 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 93. Flash And Embedded Flash Contract Foundry Suppliers
    Figure 8. Tower Semiconductor Supply Chain
    Figure 9. The Smic Supply Chain
    Figure 10. The Sharp Supply Chain
    Figure 11. The Sst Supply Chain
    Figure 12. The Mitsubishi Supply Chain
    Table 94. Major Flash Technology And Manufacturing Agreements
    Ferroelectric Memory Market
    Feram Market Size And Developments
    Feram Market Size And Developments (Continued)
    Table 95. Worldwide Ferroelectric Market Product Shipments, 2000-2007 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 96. Ramtron Feram Product Revenue, 1996-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 97. Ferroelectric Companies And Organizations
    Ferroelectric Production Capacity
    Table 98. Feram Production Levels Of Selected Manufacturers, 1999-2002 (Millions Of 128 Kbit Equivalents)
    Ferroelectric Production Capacity (Continued)
    Ferroelectric Applications
    Table 99. Applications For Ramtron's Products
    Ferroelectric Manufacturing Technology
    Table 100. Ferroelectric Cell Size Versus Feature Length
    Table 101. Ferroelectric Electrical Specifications
    Ferroelectric Pricing
    Table 102. Ferroelectric Memory Product Pricing ($)
    Ferroelectric License And Development Agreements
    Ramtron Licenses
    Table 103. Ramtron Ferroelectric License Partners
    Ramtron Licenses (Continued)
    Ramtron Customer History
    Table 104. Ramtron's Top Customers, 2000-2001
    Symetrix Licensees
    Texas Instruments
    Mram Memory Market
    Mram Technology
    Table 105. 256-Kbit Mram Specifications
    Mram Development And Commericalization Companies
    Table 106. Companies With Mram Development Efforts, 2002
    Production Capacity And Developments
    Rom Memory Market
    Table 107. Rom Revenue By Company, 1999-2001
    Rom Product Analysis
    Table 108. Rom Product Types By Storage Density
    Rom Production
    Eprom Memory Market
    Memory Chip Company Sales By Region
    Eprom Companies
    Table 109. Eprom Revenue By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Eprom Embedded Technology
    Eprom And Related Process Technologies
    Eprom Applications
    Table 110. Eprom Applications
    Eprom Products
    Table 111. Eprom Products By Storage Density
    Eeprom Memory Market
    Table 112. U.S. Imports Of Eeproms, 2001
    Table 113. Serial Eeproms By Company And Product Type
    Table 114. Parallel Eeprom Products By Density
    Eeprom Market
    Table 115. Eeprom Revenue By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Eeprom Applications
    Table 116. Serial And Parallel Eeprom Applications
    Eeprom Applications (Continued)
    Table 117. Eeprom Foundries

    Worldwide Volatile Memory Market
    Table 118. Volatile Memory Market Revenue By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 118. (Continued)
    Worldwide Dram Market
    Table 119. Dram Market Revenue, Shipments And Asp, Through 2007
    Table 120. Worldwide Dram Shipments By Storage Density Capacity, 1999-2001 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 121. U.S. Imports Of Drams, 2001
    Major Dram End Markets
    Major Dram End Markets (Continued)
    Table 122. Average Dram Megabytes Per Pc System Shipped, 1999-2002
    Table 123. Worldwide Dram Revenue From The Pc Market, Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Major Dram End Markets (Continued)
    Table 124. Megabytes Of Main Memory Dram Shipped With Desktop Computers, By Manufacturer, June 2001 (Out Of 454 Models Surveyed)
    Secondary Dram End Markets
    Table 125. Dram Demand By End Market Segment, Through 2007 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Graphics Memory Market
    Graphics Memory Market (Continued)
    Table 126. Worldwide Video Game Dram Shipments, Through 2007 (Millions Of Units)
    Figure 13. Graphics And Motherboard Memory
    Pda/Handheld Computer Market
    Pda/Handheld Computer Market (Continued)
    Table 127. Worldwide Dram Shipments To The Pda Market, Through 2007 (Millions Of Units)
    Dram Memory Card Market
    Laser And Ink Jet Printer Markets
    Disk Arrays
    The Network Server And Router Market
    The Workstation Market
    The Automatic Test Equipment Market
    Dram Aftermarket
    The Set-Top Box Market
    Other Markets
    Dram Average Selling Price And The Marketplace
    Figure 14. Worldwide 128-Mbit Dram Pricing, April 2000-March 2002 ($ Per Unit)
    Figure 15. Promos Sales By Month, Jan. 2001-Jan. 2002 ($ Millions)
    Figure 15. (Continued)
    Table 128. Worldwide Dram Asp By Storage Density Capacity, 1999-2007 ($)
    Table 129. Korean Dram Asp By Product Type, Jan. 2001-Apr. 2002 ($)
    Table 130. U.S. Drams Imports And Exports, 2001
    Table 131. Asp Of Drams By Product Type, 2001
    Dram Market Shares By Region And Company
    Dram Market Shares By Region And…(Continued)
    Table 132. Dram Market Revenue By Regional Origin, Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Table 133. Dram Revenue By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Dram Shipments By Product Type And Company
    Table 134. Dram Shipments By Company, 1999-2001 (128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 134. (Continued)
    Table 135. Dram Shipments By Storage Density And Company, 2001 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 136. Dram Shipments By Storage Density And Company, 2000 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 137. Dram Shipments By Storage Density And Company, 1999 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 137. (Continued)
    Dram Shipments By Application
    Table 138. Dram Shipments By Application, 2001 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 139. Dram Shipments By Application, 2000 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Dram Shipments By Application (Continued)
    Table 140. Dram Customer Base By Company
    Table 141. Infineon's Top Customers
    Table 142 Dram Customer Base By Region
    Table 142 (Continued)
    Rdram Market
    Table 143. Intel Memory Production Investments ($ Millions)
    Rdram Market (Continued)
    Rdram Applications
    Rdram Production
    Table 144. Rdram Production By Company, 1999-2002 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalent Units)
    Ddr Dram Market
    Table 145. Ddr And Qdr Dram Unit Sales, Through 2007 (Millions Of Units)
    Ddr Dram Market (Continued)
    Ddr Dram Market Share And Production Capacity
    Ddr Dram Market Share And Production Capacity (Continued)
    Table 146. Ddr Dram Production By Company, 1999-2002 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 146. (Continued)
    Dram Manufacturing And Technology
    Table 147. Dram Cell Size And Process Feature Length
    Dram Die Wafer Capacity And Production Costs
    Table 148. Dram Production Costs As A Function Of Wpm And Size
    Table 149. Dram Capacity Per Wafer, By Company And Feature Length (75% Yield, 200-Mm Wafer Diameter)
    Table 150. Gbits And Revenue Per Wafer, By Type And Feature Length (75% Yield, 200-Mm Wafer Size)
    Regional Dram Production And Company Analysis
    Table 151. Dram Capacity By Geographic Region (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents; Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Regional Dram Production And Company Analysis (Continued)
    Table 152. 300-Mm Dram Memory Wafer Fabrication Capacity, By Company (Thousands Of Wafers)
    Table 153. Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity By Company (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Table 153. (Continued)
    U.S.
    Table 154. North American Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity By Site, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    U.S. (Continued)
    Korea
    Korea (Continued)
    Table 155. Korea Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity By Site, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Taiwan
    Table 156. Taiwan's 200-Mm Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Taiwan (Continued)
    Taiwan (Continued)
    Taiwan (Continued)
    Taiwan (Continued)
    Singapore
    Table 157. Singapore Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity, By Site, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    China
    Table 158. China Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity By Site, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Europe
    Table 159. European Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity By Site, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Japan
    Japan (Continued)
    Table 160. Japan Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity By Site, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Japan (Continued)
    Sram Memory Market
    Table 161. Worldwide Sram Revenue Shipments And Asp, Through 2007
    Table 162. U.S. Sram Imports By Density Level, 2001
    Table 163. U.S. Sram Imports And Exports, 2001
    Table 164. U.S. Srams Exports By Country
    Table 165. Sram Demand By Application Model, Through 2007 (2-Mbit Equivalents)
    Company Market Share
    Table 166. Sram Revenue By Company ($ Millions)
    Sram Manufacturing And Design Technology
    Sram Cell Technology
    Table 167. Sram Cell Size And Process Technology
    Sram And Soi Technology
    Soft Error Rates
    Sram Applications
    Sram Applications (Continued)
    Sram Products And Electrical Specifications
    Table 168. Sram Product Types By Company
    Table 168. (Continued)
    Table 169. Sram Product Specifications
    Table 169. (Continued)
    Regional Sram Manufacturing
    China
    Japan
    Table 170. Japan-Based Sram Wafer Fabrication Facilities
    Korea
    Table 171. Korean Based Sram Wafer Fabrication Facilities
    Taiwan And Asia Pacific
    Table 172. Sram Assembly And Packaging Facilities
    U.S.
    Table 173. U.S. Based Sram Wafer Fabrication Facilities

    Worldwide Specialty Memory Market
    Content Addressable Memory Market (Cam)
    Content Addressable Memory Market (Cam) (Continued)
    Table 174. Statistical Data Of Cam Companies, 2001
    Cam History
    Cam Product Developments
    Cam Manufacturing And Technology
    Table 175. Cam Cell And Memory Chip Sizes
    Cam Customers
    Product Technology History
    Cam Manufacturing Capacity
    Cam Product Operation
    Cam Products And Pricing
    Table 176. Cam Products By Company
    Table 177. Cam Pricing
    Cam Applications
    Table 178. Cam Applications
    3d Memory Market
    3d Memory Market (Continued)
    Table 179. Mcp Flash Sram Companies
    Pseudo Sram (Psram) 1-T Sram Market
    Psram Product Offerings
    Table 180. Psram Products By Company
    Psram Electrical Specifications
    Table 181. Psram Electrical Specifications
    Psram Production Capacity
    License Agreements
    Table 182. 1t Sram Cell Licensees
    Psram Customers
    Fifo Memory Market
    Ip Core/Embedded Memory Technology
    Table 183. Embedded Memory Capacity By Memory Type
    Embedded Memory Market
    Table 184. Ip Embedded Memory Core Sales, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 185. Embedded Ip Memory Companies By Memory Product
    Table 185. (Continued)
    Table 186. Embedded Memory Foundries
    The Embedded Sram Market
    The Embedded Flash Market
    The Embedded Flash Market (Continued)
    Licenses And Agreements
    Embedded Flash Process Technology
    Embedded Flash Facilities
    Embedded Eeprom Market
    Embedded Dram Market
    Table 187. Embedded Dram Applications
    Agreements And Licenses
    Embedded Dram Integration Levels
    Table 188. Embedded Dram Technology Integration Levels
    Embedded Dram Integration Levels (Continued)
    Embedded Dram Integration Levels (Continued)
    Embedded Dram Integration Levels (Continued)
    Embedded Dram Products
    Embedded Ferroelectric Market And Technology
    Application Specific Dram Markets
    Application Specific Dram Markets (Continued)

    Technology And Patent Developments
    Technology And Patent Developments (Continued)
    Magnetoresitive Technology (Mram)
    Table 189. Motorola Mram Cam Patents
    Figure 16. Magnetoresistive Memory Cell Circuit
    Table 190. Micromem Mram Patents
    Nanomemory Technology-The End-Game?
    Nanomemory Technology-The End-Game? (Continued)
    Table 191. Quantum Dot Companies And Research Organizations
    Psram 1t Patents Patents
    Table 192. 1t-Sram Dram Controller Patents
    Computer Memory Licensees
    Patents And Litigation
    Patent Breakdown Analysis
    Table 193. Patent Holdings By Region And Memory Type
    Table 194. U.S. Memory Patent Holdings By North American Companies, Jan. 1996-Apr. 2002
    Table 195. Japan's U.S. Memory Patents By Product And Company, Jan. 1996-Apr. 2002
    Table 196. Taiwan's U.S. Memory Patents By Product And Company, Jan. 1996-Apr. 2002
    Table 197. European U.S. Memory Patents By Product And Company, Jan. 1996-Apr. 2002
    Table 198. Korean U.S. Memory Patents By Product And Company, Jan. 1996-Apr. 2002

    Company Directory
    1st Silicon
    1st Silicon (America) Inc.
    Altis Semiconductor
    Advanced Micro Devices
    Alliance Semiconductor
    Advanced Memory International, Inc.
    Angstrem
    Atmel
    Astralux, Incorporated
    Atmos Semiconductor
    Azalea Microelectronics
    Brilliance Semiconductor
    Brilliance Semiconductor, Inc.
    Catalyst Semiconductor
    Cellis Semiconductor
    Crucial Technolgy
    Crucial Technology Europe
    Cypress Semiconductor
    Dominion Semiconductor
    Dongbhu Electronics
    Dongbu Corporate
    Elite Semiconductor Memory Technology, Inc.
    Elpida Memory Inc.
    Elpida Memory Usa
    Enhanced Memory Devices
    Epson Electronics America
    Fairchild Semiconductor
    Fairchild Semiconductor International
    Fujitsu Amd Semiconductor
    Fujitsu Fram Centre
    Fujitsu Ltd.
    Fujitsu Microelectronics America
    Fujitsu Microelectronics Europe
    Grace Semiconductor Manufacturing Corp.
    Gsi Technology
    Hitachi America
    Hitachi Ltd.
    Hitachi Nippon Steel Semiconductor Singapore Pte. Ltd.
    Hynix Semiconductor America
    Hynix Semiconductor
    Ibm Microelectronics
    Innovative Silicon Solutions
    Infineon Technologies
    Ingentix
    Integrated Device Technology
    Integrated Silicon Solutions
    Intel
    Kawasaki Lsi
    Kti Semiconductor, Nishiwaki 1
    Lawrence Livermore Laboratories
    Lemelson Assistive Technology Development Center
    The Lemelson Center For Invention, Innovation And Entrepreneurship
    M-Systems, Inc.
    Macronix
    Matrix Semiconductor, Inc.
    Matsushita
    Microchip Technology
    Micromem Technologies
    Micron Technology
    Mikron
    Mitsubishi America
    Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
    Mitsubishi Electric Hong Kong Ltd.
    Mitsubishi Electric Taiwan Company, Ltd.,
    Mitsubishi Electric Asia Pte Ltd
    Mitsubishi Electric Australia Semiconductor Division
    Mosaid Technologies
    Mosel-Vitelic
    Mosys
    Motorola Semiconductor Products
    Music Semiconductors
    Nanya Technology Corp.
    Nanya Technology Corp. U.S.
    Nano Amp Solutions
    Nanosciences Corp.
    National Scientific Corp.
    Nciia-The National Collegiate Inventors And Innovators Alliance
    Nec Electron Devices
    Nec Electronics
    Nec Shanghai Hua Microelectronics Co. Ltd.
    Netlogic Microsystems
    Nippon Foundry
    Oki Semiconductor
    Opticom Asa
    Powerchip Semiconductor
    Promos Technologies
    Radiant Technologies
    Rambus
    Ramtron
    Rolltronics
    Rohm Electronics
    Saifun Semiconductor
    Samsung Austin Semiconductor
    Samsung Semiconductor
    Sandisk
    Sanyo Electric
    Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corp.
    Shanghai Hua Microelectronics Co. Ltd.
    Sharp Corp.
    Sharp Microelectronics Of The Americas
    Shougang-Nec Electronics Co. Ltd.
    Sibercore
    Sigmaram Consortium
    Silicon7
    Silicon Access Technology
    Silicon Based Technology
    Silicon Storage Technology
    Simtek
    Singapore Economic Development Board
    Singapore Economic Development Board, New York
    Sony Corp.
    Stmicroelectronics
    Submicron Semiconductor Technologies Gmbh
    Swiss Federal Institute Of Technology
    Symetrix
    Tech Semiconductor
    Telcordia Technology
    Thin Film Electronics Asa
    Toshiba, Irvine
    Toshiba Semiconductor Company
    Tower Semiconductor
    Trencenti Technologies
    United Microelectronics
    Vanguard International Semiconductor
    Virage Logic
    Winbond Electronics Corporation
    Winbond Electronics Corp. America
    Xicor
    Zentrum Mikroelektronik Dresden
    Ziptronix Incorporated

    List Of Tables
    Summary Table:
    Worldwide Market For Semiconductor Memory, Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Table 1 Dimensions Of Rotating Memory And Nonrotating Memory
    Table 2 Specifications Of Rotating Memory And Nonrotating, Nonvolatile Memory
    Table 3 Worldwide Nonsemiconductor Computer Memory (Storage) Market, 2001 (Non-Chip Memory Markets, Millions Of Units)
    Table 4 Worldwide Average Selling Price Of Different Memory Chips, 1999-2007 (128-Mbit Equivalents; In $)
    Table 5 Worldiwde Memory Chip Prices For Different Memory Types, 2001 (Price Per Megabit, In $)
    Table 6 Worlwide Unit Shipments By Memory Chip Type, 1999 Through 2007 (128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 7 Worldwide Memory Revenue By Memory Chip Type, 1999 Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Table 8 Worlwide Memory Cellular Phone Applications By Memory Chip Type, 1999 Trough 2007 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 9 Worldwide Memory Chip Unit Sales For Pc Main Memory, By Memory Chip Type, 1999 Through 2007 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 10 Memory Chip Products By Type And Density
    Table 11 Memory Production Revenue By Regional Base, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 12 Worldwide Memory Chip Sales By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 13 Computer Memory Terminology
    Table 14 Summary Of Acquisitons By Memory Companies, 1995-2001
    Table 15 Computer Memory Companies By Primary Product Category
    Table 16 Memory Semiconductor Companies By Tier-Market Segment
    Table 17 Primary End-Product Markets For Computer Memory Chips
    Table 18 Pc Customer Base By Region
    Table 19 Worldwide Memory Card/Module Revenue, 2000 ($ Millions)
    Table 20 Japan's Secure Data (Sd) Card Production By Site, 2000 (Units Per Month)
    Table 21 Silicon Area For Different Types Of Memory Chips
    Table 22 Electrical Specifications Of Memory Chips
    Table 23 Distributors Of Memory Chips
    Table 24 Memory Consumption By Geographic Region, Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Table 25 Memory Chip Company Sales By Region, 2001 (Percent Of Total Company Sales)
    Table 26 U.S. Exports Of Memory By Product Type, 2001 (Millions Units, $ Millions)
    Table 27 U.S. Imports Of Memory By Product Type, 2001 (Millions Units, $ Millions)
    Table 28 Korean Memory Exports By Type, Second Quarter 2002 ($ Millions)
    Table 29 Dram Consumption By Geographic Region, 1999 Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Table 30 Korean Exports Of Drams To The U.S., 2001 (Million Units, $ Millions)
    Table 31 Korean Dram Exports By Product Type, 2000-2002 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 32 Korean Dram Exports By Product Type (Percent Of Total Korean Dram Export Sales)
    Table 33 Micron Technology's Total Product Revenue By Region, 1999-2001* ($ Millions)
    Table 34 U.S. Exports Of Drams By Country, 2001
    Table 35 Flash Consumption By Geographic Region, Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Table 36 Nonvolatile Memory Exports From The U.S., 2001
    Table 37 U.S. Imports Of Eeproms, By Country, 2001 (> 900 Kbits)
    Table 38 U.S. Exports/Imports, Eeproms, 2001
    Table 39 Computer Equipment Imports Into The U.S., By Country, 1998-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 40 China's Pc Companies And Production, 2000-2002 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 41 China's Cellular Phone Companies And Production, 2000-2002 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 42 Nokia Revenue From China, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 43 Flash Process Technology Feature Length, By Year, 1986-2002
    Table 44 Memory Cell Sizes In Terms Of Scale Factor S
    Table 45 Silicon Surface Area For Different Size Wafers (Yield Of 75%)
    Table 46 Wafer Fabrication Facility Costs (200 Mm)
    Table 47 Feature Length Manufacturing Capacity, By Company, 2002
    Table 48 Nonvolatile Memory Chip Specifications
    Table 49 Nonvolatile Market Revenue By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 50 Worldwide Flash Shipments, Revenue And Asp, 1999through 2007
    Table 51 Worldwide Flash Sales By Type, 1999through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Table 52 Nor Flash Revenue By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 53 Applications Of Nand Flash By Market, 2001 (Percent Of Revenue)
    Table 54 Nand/And Flash Revenue By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 55 Nand/And Flash Shipments By Company, 1999-2001 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 56 Sony Memory Stick Shipments By Application, 1999-2002 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 57 Flash Demand Model, By Application, Through 2007 (128-Mbit Equivalents, Millions Of Units)
    Table 58 Cellular Flash Customer Base By Region
    Table 59 Pda And Handheld Pc Companies By Region
    Table 60 Palm Inc. Annual Revenue By Year, 1997-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 61 Digital Camera Companies By Region
    Table 62 Set-Top Companies By Region
    Table 63 Silicon Storage Technology Sales, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 64 Silicon Storage Technology Flash Chip Prices, 2002 (For Purchase Orders Of 100,000 Units)
    Table 65 Dvd Companies By Region
    Table 66 Internet And Audio Player Companies
    Table 67 Nor Flash Shipments By Application And Company, 2001 (Units, Millions Of 128 Kbit Equivalents)
    Table 68 Nor Flash Shipments By Application And Company, 2000 (Units, Millions Of 128 Kbit Equivalents)
    Table 69 Flash Shipments By Application And Company, 1999 (Units, Millions Of 128 Kbit Equivalents)
    Table 70 Flash Customer Base, By Company
    Table 71 Atmel Customer Base By Customer
    Table 72 128-Mbit Nor Flash Equilvalent Shipments By Company (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalent Units)
    Table 73 Nor Flash Shipments By Product Type And Company, 2001 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 74 Flash Shipments By Product Type And Company, 2000 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 75 Nand Flash Chip Pricing, 1999-2002 ($ Per Chip)
    Table 76 Nor Flash Chip Pricing, 1998-2002 ($ Per Chip; Quantity Of 10k+)
    Table 77 Other Flash Companies
    Table 78 Flash Cell Size Versus Feature Length
    Table 79 Flash Die Size, Process Technology, And Die Per Wafer
    Table 80 Gbits And Revenue Per Wafer By Type And Feature Length, 2001 (75% Yield, 200-Mm Wafer Size)
    Table 81 Nor Flash Wafer Production Capacity By Company, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 8-Inch Wafers)
    Table 82 300-Mm Flash Memory Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1998-2002 (Thousands Of 12 Inch Wafers)
    Table 83 Worldwide Total Nand/Nor Flash Production Capacity, By Region, Through 2007 (Thousands Of 8-Inch Wafer Equivalents)
    Table 84 Taiwan Flash Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1998-2002 (Thousands Of 8-Inch Equivalent Wafers)
    Table 85 China's Flash Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1998-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Table 86 Singapore/Malaysia Flash Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafers)
    Table 87 Japan's Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafers)
    Table 88 Korea's Flash Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1998-2002 (Thousands Of 8-Inch Wafer Equivalents)
    Table 89 Europe's Flash Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 8-Inch Wafer Equivalents)
    Table 90 Stmicroelectronics Process Road Map, 1998-2002
    Table 91 North American 200-Mm Flash Wafer Production Capacity, 1998-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafers)
    Table 92 Sharp Flash Supplier Production, 2001-2002 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 93 Flash And Embedded Flash Contract Foundry Suppliers
    Table 94 Major Flash Technology And Manufacturing Agreements
    Table 95 Worldwide Ferroelectric Market Product Shipments, 2000-2007 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 96 Ramtron Feram Product Revenue, 1996-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 97 Ferroelectric Companies And Organizations
    Table 98 Feram Production Levels Of Selected Manufacturers, 1999-2002 (Millions Of 128 Kbit Equivalents)
    Table 99 Applications For Ramtron's Products
    Table 100 Ferroelectric Cell Size Versus Feature Length
    Table 101 Ferroelectric Electrical Specifications
    Table 102 Ferroelectric Memory Product Pricing ($)
    Table 103 Ramtron Ferroelectric License Partners
    Table 104 Ramtron's Top Customers, 2000-2001
    Table 105 256-Kbit Mram Specifications
    Table 106 Companies With Mram Development Efforts, 2002
    Table 107 Rom Revenue By Company, 1999-2001
    Table 108 Rom Product Types By Storage Density
    Table 109 Eprom Revenue By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 110 Eprom Applications
    Table 111 Eprom Products By Storage Density
    Table 112 U.S. Imports Of Eeproms, 2001
    Table 113 Serial Eeproms By Company And Product Type
    Table 114 Parallel Eeprom Products By Density
    Table 115 Eeprom Revenue By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 116 Serial And Parallel Eeprom Applications
    Table 117 Eeprom Foundries
    Table 118 Volatile Memory Market Revenue By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 119 Dram Market Revenue, Shipments And Asp, Through 2007
    Table 120 Worldwide Dram Shipments By Storage Density Capacity, 1999-2001 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 121 U.S. Imports Of Drams, 2001
    Table 122 Average Dram Megabytes Per Pc System Shipped, 1999-2002
    Table 123 Worldwide Dram Revenue From The Pc Market, Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Table 124 Megabytes Of Main Memory Dram Shipped With Desktop Computers, By Manufacturer, June 2001 (Out Of 454 Models Surveyed)
    Table 125 Dram Demand By End Market Segment, Through 2007 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 126 Worldwide Video Game Dram Shipments, 1999 Through 2007 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 127 Worldwide Dram Shipments To The Pda Market, Through 2007 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 128 Worldwide Dram Asp By Storage Density Capacity, 1999-2007 ($)
    Table 129 Korean Dram Asp By Product Type, Jan. 2001-Apr. 2002 ($)
    Table 130 U.S. Drams Imports And Exports, 2001
    Table 131 Asp Of Drams By Product Type, 2001
    Table 132 Dram Market Revenue By Regional Origin, 1999 Through 2007 ($ Millions)
    Table 133 Dram Revenue By Company, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 134 Dram Shipments By Company, 1999-2001 (128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 135 Dram Shipments By Storage Density And Company, 2001 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 136 Dram Shipments By Storage Density And Company, 2000 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 137 Dram Shipments By Storage Density And Company, 1999 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 138 Dram Shipments By Application, 2001 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 139 Dram Shipments By Application, 2000 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 140 Dram Customer Base By Company
    Table 141 Infineon's Top Customers
    Table 142 Dram Customer Base By Region
    Table 143 Intel Memory Production Investments ($ Millions)
    Table 144 Rdram Production By Company, 1999-2002 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalent Units)
    Table 145 Ddr And Qdr Dram Unit Sales, Through 2007 (Millions Of Units)
    Table 146 Ddr Dram Production By Company, 1999-2002 (Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 147 Dram Cell Size And Process Feature Length
    Table 148 Dram Production Costs As A Function Of Wpm And Size
    Table 149 Dram Capacity Per Wafer, By Company And Feature Length (75% Yield, 200-Mm Wafer Diameter)
    Table 150 Gbits And Revenue Per Wafer, By Type And Feature Length (75% Yield, 200-Mm Wafer Size)
    Table 151 Dram Capacity By Geographic Region (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents; Millions Of 128-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 152 300-Mm Dram Memory Wafer Fabrication Capacity, By Company (Thousands Of Wafers)
    Table 153 Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity By Company (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Table 154 North American Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity By Site, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Table 155 Korea Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity By Site, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Table 156 Taiwan's 200-Mm Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Table 157 Singapore Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity, By Site, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Table 158 China Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity By Site, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Table 159 European Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity By Site, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Table 160 Japan Dram Wafer Fabrication Capacity By Site, 1999-2002 (Thousands Of 200-Mm Wafer Equivalents)
    Table 161 Worldwide Sram Revenue Shipments And Asp, Through 2007
    Table 162 U.S. Sram Imports By Density Level, 2001
    Table 163 U.S. Sram Imports And Exports, 2001
    Table 164 U.S. Srams Exports By Country
    Table 165 Sram Demand By Application Model, 1999 Through 2007 (2-Mbit Equivalents)
    Table 166 Sram Revenue By Company ($ Millions)
    Table 167 Sram Cell Size And Process Technology
    Table 168 Sram Product Types By Company
    Table 169 Sram Product Specifications
    Table 170 Japan-Based Sram Wafer Fabrication Facilities
    Table 171 Korean Based Sram Wafer Fabrication Facilities
    Table 172 Sram Assembly And Packaging Facilities
    Table 173 U.S. Based Sram Wafer Fabrication Facilities
    Table 174 Statistical Data Of Cam Companies, 2001
    Table 175 Cam Cell And Memory Chip Sizes
    Table 176 Cam Products By Company
    Table 177 Cam Pricing
    Table 178 Cam Applications
    Table 179 Mcp Flash Sram Companies
    Table 180 Psram Products By Company
    Table 181 Psram Electrical Specifications
    Table 182 1t Sram Cell Licensees
    Table 183 Embedded Memory Capacity By Memory Type
    Table 184 Ip Embedded Memory Core Sales, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Table 185 Embedded Ip Memory Companies By Memory Product
    Table 186 Embedded Memory Foundries
    Table 187 Embedded Dram Applications
    Table 188 Embedded Dram Technology Integration Levels
    Table 189 Motorola Mram Cam Patents
    Table 190 Micromem Mram Patents
    Table 191 Quantum Dot Companies And Research Organizations
    Table 192 1t-Sram Dram Controller Patents
    Table 193 Patent Holdings By Region And Memory Type
    Table 194 U.S. Memory Patent Holdings By North American Companies, Jan. 1996-Apr. 2002
    Table 195 Japan's U.S. Memory Patents By Product And Company, Jan. 1996-Apr. 2002
    Table 196 Taiwan's U.S. Memory Patents By Product And Company, Jan. 1996-Apr. 2002
    Table 197 European U.S. Memory Patents By Product And Company, Jan. 1996-Apr. 2002
    Table 198 Korean U.S. Memory Patents By Product And Company, Jan. 1996-Apr. 2002

    List Of Figures
    Summary Figure:
    Worldwide Market For Semiconductor Memory, 1999-2007 ($ Millions)
    Figure 1 Transistor Size And Feature Length
    Figure 2 Formula For Silicon Area As A Function Of Feature Length
    Figure 3 Wafer Edge Loss
    Figure 4 Sandisk Annual Revenue, 1999-2001 ($ Millions)
    Figure 5 Cellular Phone Design
    Figure 6 Digital Camera Flash Design
    Figure 7 Macronix Flash Sales By Month, 2001 ($ Millions)
    Figure 8 Tower Semiconductor Supply Chain
    Figure 9 The Smic Supply Chain
    Figure 10 The Sharp Supply Chain
    Figure 11 The Sst Supply Chain
    Figure 12 The Mitsubishi Supply Chain
    Figure 13 Graphics And Motherboard Memory
    Figure 14 Worldwide 128-Mbit Dram Pricing, April 2000-March 2002 ($ Per Unit)
    Figure 15 Promos Sales By Month, Jan. 2001-Jan. 2002 ($ Millions)
    Figure 16 Magnetoresistive Memory Cell Circuit

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