Beijing Municipality: Macro and Micro-economic Analysis, 2006


June 1, 2006
94 Pages - SKU: ODS1304690
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Countries covered: China

Measured in terms of GDP, China is now the fourth largest economy in the world, and since 2000, its contribution to global GDP growth (in purchasing power parity terms) has been larger than that of the US and more than half as big again as the combined contribution of the three next-largest emerging economies (India, Brazil and Russia).

Market reform has unleashed the potential of China labour force into export-oriented manufacturing industries, creating an emerging middle class eager for levels of consumption comparable to their Western counterparts. However, it has also created socials tensions as farmers are pushed of their land by development and millions of older workers are deprived of their jobs by reforms at State Owned Enterprises.

ODS believes that China may shortly reach a milestone in its economic development where the main engine of its growth moves from being exports to Western markets to its own domestic markets and that the emergence of China as a consumer society will have profound global implications.

Drawing on data gathered from China’s National Bureau of Statistics and supplemented by the United Nations Development Programme’s Human Development Report and other sources, the aim of this report is to provide a detailed explanation of current trends in the Chinese municipality of Beijing, the country’s capital and second-largest city, from two perspectives: those concerned with trends domestic consumption trends within China and the market opportunities they are likely to provide and those interested in the state of the country’s export-oriented economic sector, particularly its potential as a recipient of foreign capital.

As well as covering such topics as GDP, incomes, trade, consumption patterns, foreign investment, transport and telecommunications infrastructure, government and administration and the labour market, the report also provides a considerable body of socio-economic research on such topics as social insurance, healthcare and education as ODS believes that trends in these areas are crucial to understanding likely future outcomes in Beijing, as well as China as a whole.


1 Introduction


2 Definition
2.1 Note on Data Reliability


3 Executive Summary


4 Strategic Overview


5 Beijing in the National Context
5.1 Population
5.2 Economic Structure
5.2.1 Economic Structure
5.2.2 Urbanisation
5.2.3 Standards of Living
5.3 Consumption
5.4 Infrastructure
5.4.1 Transport
5.4.1.1 Vehicle Ownership
5.4.1.2 Roadways
5.4.1.3 Railways
5.4.1.4 Waterways
5.4.2 Telecoms Infrastructure
5.4.2.1 Usership
5.4.2.2 Capacity
5.5 Energy and Environmental Issues


6 Political & Legal Structure
6.1 Administrative Structure
6.2 Political Structure
6.3 Fiscal Policy
6.3.1 Local Revenue and Expenditure
6.3.2 Taxation

7 Economic growth
7.1 Nominal GDP
7.2 Real GDP Growth
7.3 GDP Per Capita
7.4 Trade
7.4.1 Exports
7.4.2 Imports
7.5 Foreign Funded Enterprises
7.5.1 Exports
7.5.2 Imports
7.6 Employment and Unemployment
7.7 Positioning Matrix


8 Socio-Economic Conditions
8.1 Human Development Index
8.2 Demographics
8.3 Literacy and Education
8.4 Social Insurance


9 National Overview
9.1 Geography
9.2 History and Economic Development
9.3 Population
9.4 Ethnicity and Language
9.5 Political and Administrative System
9.6 Regulation


10 Outlook
10.1 SWOT Analysis
10.1.1 Strengths
10.1.2 Weaknesses
10.1.3 Opportunities
10.1.4 Threats
10.2 Scenario Analysis
10.3 Commercial Prospects
10.4 Key Success Factors


11 Sources & Definitions


12 For Further Information


LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Population - Top 5 Provinces, Lowest Province, Beijing Municipality, ProvincialAverage, National Total and EU Comparison, 2004 and Annual Growth Rate (%)
Table 2 : Economic Structure - National & Beijing GDP Breakdowns by Industry Sectors(RMB Billion at current prices) 2003-2004
Table 28: Urbanisation - Proportional Land Use (Settlement & Industry, Agriculture Other), Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2003
Table 3: Standards of Living - Living Expenditure (RMB) and Growth (%) for the TopProvinces (including Beijing) and National Average, and Growth Rates (%), 2003- 2004
Table 4: Standards of Living - Per Capita Annual Disposable Income of UrbanHouseholds, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Average(RMB) and Growth (%), 2004
Table 5: Standards of Living - Per Capita Net Income of Rural Households for the TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Average (RMB) and Growth (%), 2004
Table 6: Standards of Living - Per Capital Rural Household Income as a Proportion ofUrban Disposable Income, Top 5 Provinces, Beijing, Lowest and NationalAverage(%), 2003-2004
Table 7: Consumption - Penetration of Washing Machines per 100 Urban Householdsand Growth Rate, Top 5 Provinces and National Average, 2003-2004
Table 8: Consumption - Penetration of Refrigerators per 100 Urban Households Growth Rate, Top 5 Provinces and National Average, 2003-2004
Table 9: Consumption - Penetration of Colour TVs per 100 Urban Households Growth Rate, Top 5 Ranked Provinces, Lowest Ranked and Beijing, 2003-2004
Table 10: Consumption - Number of Air Conditioners per 100 Urban Households, TopRanked Provinces, Lowest Ranked and Beijing, 2003-2004
Table 11: Privately Owned Vehicles - Cars & Trucks, Top 5 Provinces (includingBeijing), Lowest and National Total, Thousands and Growth Rate 2003-2004
Table 12: Privately Owned Vehicles - Passenger Vehicles, Top 5 Provinces (includingBeijing), Lowest and National Total, Thousands and Growth Rate 2003-2004
Table 13: Privately Owned Vehicles - Trucks, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing),Lowest and National Total, Thousands and Growth Rate 2003-2004
Table 14: Roadways - Kilometres of Highway per Square Kilometre and ActualKilometres, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total 2004
Table 15: Roadways - Kilometres of Expressway by Area and Actual Kilometres, TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
Table 16: Railways - Railway by Area and Actual Kilometres, Top 5 Provinces (includingBeijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
Table 17: Waterways - Navigable Waterways by Area and Actual Kilometres, TopProvinces, Beijing, Lowest and National Total, 2004
Table 18: Telecoms - Mobile Phone Subscribers, Top 5 Provinces, Beijing and NationalTotal, 2003-2004
Table 19: Telecoms - Number of Mobile Phones per 100 Urban Households , TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
Table 20: Telecoms - Local Telephone Subscribers, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing),Lowest and National Total, 2004
Table 21: Telecoms - Number of Telephones (fixed line units) per 100 UrbanHouseholds, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
Table 22: Telecoms - Numbers of Users of Internet Services, Top 5 Provinces (includingBeijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
Table 23: Telecoms - Number of Computers per 100 Urban Households, TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
Table 24: Telecoms - Number of Fax Machines per 100 Urban Households, TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
Table 25: Telecoms - Capacity of Local Telephone Exchanges, Top 5 Provinces(including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
Table 26: Telecoms - Capacity of Mobile Telephone Exchanges, Top 5 Provinces(including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
Table 27: Telecoms - Capacity of Long Distance Telephone Exchanges, TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
Table 29: Energy - Electricity Consumption, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing), Lowestand National Total, 2003
Table 30: Energy - Per Capita Electricity Consumption, Top 5 Provinces (includingBeijing), Lowest and National Total, 2003
Table 31: Fiscal Policy - Per-Capita Government Expenditure by Province, TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2003
Table 32: Fiscal Policy - Per-Capita Government Revenue and Expenditure byProvince, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2003
Table 33: Fiscal Policy - Budgetary Income by Category in Beijing Municipality, 2003
Table 34: Fiscal Policy - Budgetary Expenditure by Category in Beijing Municipality, 2003
Table 35: Economic Growth - National and Provincial Nominal GDP (RMB), TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
Table 36: Economic Growth - National and Provincial Annual Real GDP Growth, TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Average, 1999-2005
Table 37: Economic Growth - GDP per Capita, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing),Lowest and National Total, 1999-2005
Table 38: Exports - Exports, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing), Lowest and NationalTotal, 2004 ($ Million) and Average Annual Growth Rates, 1998-2004
Table 39: Exports - Percentage Growth in Exports, Top 5 Provinces by Export Value(including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 1999-2004
Table 40: Exports - Growth in Export Value, Top 5 Provinces and Beijing (%) 1998-2005
Table 41: Imports - Import Value & Growth, Top 5 Provinces (Including Beijing) National Total 1998-2004
Table 42: Imports - Percentage Growth in Imports, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing)by Import Value, 1999-2004
Table 43: Foreign Funded Enterprises - Exports by Foreign Funded Enterprises, TopProvinces, Lowest, National Total & Beijing, ($ Million), Growth Rates & FFEExports as a Proportion of Total Exports, 2004
Table 44: Foreign Funded Enterprises - Percentage Growth in Exports, Top 5 Provincesby FFE Exports, Lowest, Beijing & National Total, 1998-2004
Table 45: Foreign Funded Enterprises: Imports by FFEs, Top 5 Provinces (includingBeijing), Lowest & National Total, ($ Million), Growth Rates, 2004
Table 46: Foreign Funded Enterprises - Percentage Growth in Imports, Top 5 Provinces(including Beijing) by FFE Exports, Lowest & National Total, 1998-2004
Table 47: Workforce -Registered Unemployment (Actual & Rate), Top 5 Provinces,Lowest, Beijing & National Total, 2003
Table 48: Workforce - Level of Employment (Actual), Top 5 Provinces, Lowest, Beijing &National Total, 2003
Table 49: Relative Positioning - Exports of Foreign Funded Enterprises, TopProvinces & Beijing, Actual & Relative Shares of National GDP & Real GDPGrowth, 1998-2004
Table 50: Human Development Index - Top 5 Provinces, Lowest & Beijing, 2003
Table 51: Demographics - Population Trends in Beijing and China, 2003
Table 52: Demographics - Trends in Beijing and China 2003
Table 53: Education - Rate of Illiteracy / Semi-Illiteracy by Province during 2003
Table 54: Education - Synthetic School Attendance Rate by Province in 2003
Table 55: Education - University and College Attendance Rate by Province in 2003
Table 56: Education - University and College Attendance Rate by Province in 2003
Table 57: Social Insurance - Proportional Pension Coverage by Province (%), 2003
Table 58: Social Insurance - Unemployment Insurance Coverage by Province (%), 2003
Table 59: Social Insurance - Medical Insurance Coverage by Province in 2003


LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Map of Beijing Municipality In Relation to China
Figure 2: Map of Beijing City in relation to Municipality
Figure 2: Population - Proportional Contribution of Top 5 Provinces and Beijing toChina’s Population, 2004
Figure 3: Population - Growth Rates of the Top 5 Provinces by Population, LowestProvince, Beijing and National Average, 2003/2004
Figure 4: Population - Growth Rates for China Versus Beijing, 2001-2004
Figure 5: Economic Structure - National GDP Breakdowns by Industry Sectors (% ofRMB at current prices), 2003 and 2004
Figure 6: Economic Structure - Beijing Municipality GDP Breakdowns by IndustrySectors (% of RMB at current prices), 2003 and 2004
Figure 7: Fiscal Policy - Major Budgetary Revenue by Category in Beijing Municipality, 2003
Figure 8: Fiscal Policy - Major Budgetary Expenditure by Category in BeijingMunicipality 2003
Figure 9: Economic Growth - Nominal GDP Growth Trends in China and Beijing, 1999- 2003
Figure 10: Economic Growth - Real GDP Growth Trends in China and Beijing, 1998- 2004
Figure 11: Economic Growth - Growth in GDP per Capita in Beijing and Shanghai, 2001-2004
Figure 12: Exports - National Export Growth Against Export Growth in Beijing, 1999- 2003
Figure 13: Imports - National Import Growth Against Growth in Beijing, 1999-2003
Figure 14: Trade Balance - Exports and Imports in Beijing, 1998-2004
Figure 15: Foreign Funded Enterprises - FFE Trade in Beijing 1998-2004
Figure 16: Relative Positioning -Top 5 FFE Exporting Provinces & Beijing 1998-2004

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