Beijing Municipality: Macro and Micro-economic Analysis, 2006
The Apex Group
June 1, 2006 94 Pages - SKU: ODS1304690
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Countries covered: China
Measured in terms of GDP, China is now the fourth largest economy in the world, and since 2000, its contribution to global GDP growth (in purchasing power parity terms) has been larger than that of the US and more than half as big again as the combined contribution of the three next-largest emerging economies (India, Brazil and Russia).
Market reform has unleashed the potential of China labour force into export-oriented manufacturing industries, creating an emerging middle class eager for levels of consumption comparable to their Western counterparts. However, it has also created socials tensions as farmers are pushed of their land by development and millions of older workers are deprived of their jobs by reforms at State Owned Enterprises.
ODS believes that China may shortly reach a milestone in its economic development where the main engine of its growth moves from being exports to Western markets to its own domestic markets and that the emergence of China as a consumer society will have profound global implications.
Drawing on data gathered from China’s National Bureau of Statistics and supplemented by the United Nations Development Programme’s Human Development Report and other sources, the aim of this report is to provide a detailed explanation of current trends in the Chinese municipality of Beijing, the country’s capital and second-largest city, from two perspectives: those concerned with trends domestic consumption trends within China and the market opportunities they are likely to provide and those interested in the state of the country’s export-oriented economic sector, particularly its potential as a recipient of foreign capital.
As well as covering such topics as GDP, incomes, trade, consumption patterns, foreign investment, transport and telecommunications infrastructure, government and administration and the labour market, the report also provides a considerable body of socio-economic research on such topics as social insurance, healthcare and education as ODS believes that trends in these areas are crucial to understanding likely future outcomes in Beijing, as well as China as a whole.
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- 1 Introduction
- 2 Definition
- 2.1 Note on Data Reliability
- 3 Executive Summary
- 4 Strategic Overview
- 5 Beijing in the National Context
- 5.1 Population
- 5.2 Economic Structure
- 5.2.1 Economic Structure
- 5.2.2 Urbanisation
- 5.2.3 Standards of Living
- 5.3 Consumption
- 5.4 Infrastructure
- 5.4.1 Transport
- 5.4.1.1 Vehicle Ownership
- 5.4.1.2 Roadways
- 5.4.1.3 Railways
- 5.4.1.4 Waterways
- 5.4.2 Telecoms Infrastructure
- 5.4.2.1 Usership
- 5.4.2.2 Capacity
- 5.5 Energy and Environmental Issues
- 6 Political & Legal Structure
- 6.1 Administrative Structure
- 6.2 Political Structure
- 6.3 Fiscal Policy
- 6.3.1 Local Revenue and Expenditure
- 6.3.2 Taxation
- 7 Economic growth
- 7.1 Nominal GDP
- 7.2 Real GDP Growth
- 7.3 GDP Per Capita
- 7.4 Trade
- 7.4.1 Exports
- 7.4.2 Imports
- 7.5 Foreign Funded Enterprises
- 7.5.1 Exports
- 7.5.2 Imports
- 7.6 Employment and Unemployment
- 7.7 Positioning Matrix
- 8 Socio-Economic Conditions
- 8.1 Human Development Index
- 8.2 Demographics
- 8.3 Literacy and Education
- 8.4 Social Insurance
- 9 National Overview
- 9.1 Geography
- 9.2 History and Economic Development
- 9.3 Population
- 9.4 Ethnicity and Language
- 9.5 Political and Administrative System
- 9.6 Regulation
- 10 Outlook
- 10.1 SWOT Analysis
- 10.1.1 Strengths
- 10.1.2 Weaknesses
- 10.1.3 Opportunities
- 10.1.4 Threats
- 10.2 Scenario Analysis
- 10.3 Commercial Prospects
- 10.4 Key Success Factors
- 11 Sources & Definitions
- 12 For Further Information
- LIST OF TABLES
- Table 1: Population - Top 5 Provinces, Lowest Province, Beijing Municipality, ProvincialAverage, National Total and EU Comparison, 2004 and Annual Growth Rate (%)
- Table 2 : Economic Structure - National & Beijing GDP Breakdowns by Industry Sectors(RMB Billion at current prices) 2003-2004
- Table 28: Urbanisation - Proportional Land Use (Settlement & Industry, Agriculture Other), Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2003
- Table 3: Standards of Living - Living Expenditure (RMB) and Growth (%) for the TopProvinces (including Beijing) and National Average, and Growth Rates (%), 2003- 2004
- Table 4: Standards of Living - Per Capita Annual Disposable Income of UrbanHouseholds, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Average(RMB) and Growth (%), 2004
- Table 5: Standards of Living - Per Capita Net Income of Rural Households for the TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Average (RMB) and Growth (%), 2004
- Table 6: Standards of Living - Per Capital Rural Household Income as a Proportion ofUrban Disposable Income, Top 5 Provinces, Beijing, Lowest and NationalAverage(%), 2003-2004
- Table 7: Consumption - Penetration of Washing Machines per 100 Urban Householdsand Growth Rate, Top 5 Provinces and National Average, 2003-2004
- Table 8: Consumption - Penetration of Refrigerators per 100 Urban Households Growth Rate, Top 5 Provinces and National Average, 2003-2004
- Table 9: Consumption - Penetration of Colour TVs per 100 Urban Households Growth Rate, Top 5 Ranked Provinces, Lowest Ranked and Beijing, 2003-2004
- Table 10: Consumption - Number of Air Conditioners per 100 Urban Households, TopRanked Provinces, Lowest Ranked and Beijing, 2003-2004
- Table 11: Privately Owned Vehicles - Cars & Trucks, Top 5 Provinces (includingBeijing), Lowest and National Total, Thousands and Growth Rate 2003-2004
- Table 12: Privately Owned Vehicles - Passenger Vehicles, Top 5 Provinces (includingBeijing), Lowest and National Total, Thousands and Growth Rate 2003-2004
- Table 13: Privately Owned Vehicles - Trucks, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing),Lowest and National Total, Thousands and Growth Rate 2003-2004
- Table 14: Roadways - Kilometres of Highway per Square Kilometre and ActualKilometres, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total 2004
- Table 15: Roadways - Kilometres of Expressway by Area and Actual Kilometres, TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
- Table 16: Railways - Railway by Area and Actual Kilometres, Top 5 Provinces (includingBeijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
- Table 17: Waterways - Navigable Waterways by Area and Actual Kilometres, TopProvinces, Beijing, Lowest and National Total, 2004
- Table 18: Telecoms - Mobile Phone Subscribers, Top 5 Provinces, Beijing and NationalTotal, 2003-2004
- Table 19: Telecoms - Number of Mobile Phones per 100 Urban Households , TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
- Table 20: Telecoms - Local Telephone Subscribers, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing),Lowest and National Total, 2004
- Table 21: Telecoms - Number of Telephones (fixed line units) per 100 UrbanHouseholds, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
- Table 22: Telecoms - Numbers of Users of Internet Services, Top 5 Provinces (includingBeijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
- Table 23: Telecoms - Number of Computers per 100 Urban Households, TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
- Table 24: Telecoms - Number of Fax Machines per 100 Urban Households, TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
- Table 25: Telecoms - Capacity of Local Telephone Exchanges, Top 5 Provinces(including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
- Table 26: Telecoms - Capacity of Mobile Telephone Exchanges, Top 5 Provinces(including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
- Table 27: Telecoms - Capacity of Long Distance Telephone Exchanges, TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
- Table 29: Energy - Electricity Consumption, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing), Lowestand National Total, 2003
- Table 30: Energy - Per Capita Electricity Consumption, Top 5 Provinces (includingBeijing), Lowest and National Total, 2003
- Table 31: Fiscal Policy - Per-Capita Government Expenditure by Province, TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2003
- Table 32: Fiscal Policy - Per-Capita Government Revenue and Expenditure byProvince, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2003
- Table 33: Fiscal Policy - Budgetary Income by Category in Beijing Municipality, 2003
- Table 34: Fiscal Policy - Budgetary Expenditure by Category in Beijing Municipality, 2003
- Table 35: Economic Growth - National and Provincial Nominal GDP (RMB), TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 2004
- Table 36: Economic Growth - National and Provincial Annual Real GDP Growth, TopProvinces (including Beijing), Lowest and National Average, 1999-2005
- Table 37: Economic Growth - GDP per Capita, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing),Lowest and National Total, 1999-2005
- Table 38: Exports - Exports, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing), Lowest and NationalTotal, 2004 ($ Million) and Average Annual Growth Rates, 1998-2004
- Table 39: Exports - Percentage Growth in Exports, Top 5 Provinces by Export Value(including Beijing), Lowest and National Total, 1999-2004
- Table 40: Exports - Growth in Export Value, Top 5 Provinces and Beijing (%) 1998-2005
- Table 41: Imports - Import Value & Growth, Top 5 Provinces (Including Beijing) National Total 1998-2004
- Table 42: Imports - Percentage Growth in Imports, Top 5 Provinces (including Beijing)by Import Value, 1999-2004
- Table 43: Foreign Funded Enterprises - Exports by Foreign Funded Enterprises, TopProvinces, Lowest, National Total & Beijing, ($ Million), Growth Rates & FFEExports as a Proportion of Total Exports, 2004
- Table 44: Foreign Funded Enterprises - Percentage Growth in Exports, Top 5 Provincesby FFE Exports, Lowest, Beijing & National Total, 1998-2004
- Table 45: Foreign Funded Enterprises: Imports by FFEs, Top 5 Provinces (includingBeijing), Lowest & National Total, ($ Million), Growth Rates, 2004
- Table 46: Foreign Funded Enterprises - Percentage Growth in Imports, Top 5 Provinces(including Beijing) by FFE Exports, Lowest & National Total, 1998-2004
- Table 47: Workforce -Registered Unemployment (Actual & Rate), Top 5 Provinces,Lowest, Beijing & National Total, 2003
- Table 48: Workforce - Level of Employment (Actual), Top 5 Provinces, Lowest, Beijing &National Total, 2003
- Table 49: Relative Positioning - Exports of Foreign Funded Enterprises, TopProvinces & Beijing, Actual & Relative Shares of National GDP & Real GDPGrowth, 1998-2004
- Table 50: Human Development Index - Top 5 Provinces, Lowest & Beijing, 2003
- Table 51: Demographics - Population Trends in Beijing and China, 2003
- Table 52: Demographics - Trends in Beijing and China 2003
- Table 53: Education - Rate of Illiteracy / Semi-Illiteracy by Province during 2003
- Table 54: Education - Synthetic School Attendance Rate by Province in 2003
- Table 55: Education - University and College Attendance Rate by Province in 2003
- Table 56: Education - University and College Attendance Rate by Province in 2003
- Table 57: Social Insurance - Proportional Pension Coverage by Province (%), 2003
- Table 58: Social Insurance - Unemployment Insurance Coverage by Province (%), 2003
- Table 59: Social Insurance - Medical Insurance Coverage by Province in 2003
- LIST OF FIGURES
- Figure 1: Map of Beijing Municipality In Relation to China
- Figure 2: Map of Beijing City in relation to Municipality
- Figure 2: Population - Proportional Contribution of Top 5 Provinces and Beijing toChina’s Population, 2004
- Figure 3: Population - Growth Rates of the Top 5 Provinces by Population, LowestProvince, Beijing and National Average, 2003/2004
- Figure 4: Population - Growth Rates for China Versus Beijing, 2001-2004
- Figure 5: Economic Structure - National GDP Breakdowns by Industry Sectors (% ofRMB at current prices), 2003 and 2004
- Figure 6: Economic Structure - Beijing Municipality GDP Breakdowns by IndustrySectors (% of RMB at current prices), 2003 and 2004
- Figure 7: Fiscal Policy - Major Budgetary Revenue by Category in Beijing Municipality, 2003
- Figure 8: Fiscal Policy - Major Budgetary Expenditure by Category in BeijingMunicipality 2003
- Figure 9: Economic Growth - Nominal GDP Growth Trends in China and Beijing, 1999- 2003
- Figure 10: Economic Growth - Real GDP Growth Trends in China and Beijing, 1998- 2004
- Figure 11: Economic Growth - Growth in GDP per Capita in Beijing and Shanghai, 2001-2004
- Figure 12: Exports - National Export Growth Against Export Growth in Beijing, 1999- 2003
- Figure 13: Imports - National Import Growth Against Growth in Beijing, 1999-2003
- Figure 14: Trade Balance - Exports and Imports in Beijing, 1998-2004
- Figure 15: Foreign Funded Enterprises - FFE Trade in Beijing 1998-2004
- Figure 16: Relative Positioning -Top 5 FFE Exporting Provinces & Beijing 1998-2004
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