Lithium-Ion And Nickel-Metal Hydride Batteries, Lithium, Rare Earth Lanthanum And the Future Of Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles And Electric Vehicles-


April 1, 2009
103 Pages - SKU: AMD2206973
License type:
The auto industry is about to enter a new era: the electrification of cars. The move to electrified cars will have dramatic, disruptive consequences to consumers, auto makers, input suppliers, battery producers, regulators, mining companies, oil producers, electric utilities, R&D activities and investors, among others. However, from this change will come enormous opportunities, including the reduction in CO2 and global warming, less dependence on oil, more geopolitical independence, technological advancements, very large, new industries and markets, and huge profits.

The economic, regulatory and technological advantages of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs) means that dramatic growth in their adoption and usage will be seen over the next 11 years to 2020, both in the US and worldwide.

Batteries are the key technology enablers for the future of HEVs, PHEVs and EVs. Nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries currently dominate the HEV market, but they soon will be replaced by lithium-ion ones.

The report analyzes the global market for HEVs, PHEVs and EVs during the 2009 to 2020 period. It also examines the global markets for nickel-metal hydride and lithium-ion batteries used in these vehicles, since batteries are the key technology enablers.

Since lithium is the key input for lithium-ion batteries and the rare earth lanthanum is the key input for nickel-metal hydride batteries, these markets also are discussed.

Electric vehicle, lithium-ion battery and nickel-metal hydride battery technologies are discussed in detail.

Profiles of major players in the HEV, PHEV, EV, lithium-ion batteries, NiMH batteries, lithium and rare earth markets are given, including company overview, activities related to these markets and financial information.


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
InTRodUCTIon
Background and Scope
Methodology and Sources
Statistical Notes
MARkET oVERVIEw
Coming New Era: The Electrification Of Cars
Economic Drivers
Regulatory Drivers
Technology Drivers
Competitive Advantage of Hybrids, PHEVs, EVs
Car Categories
Hybrid Offerings By OEM
Cost Vs. Payback
Governments Role
Battery Is The Key
Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries
Lithium Ion Batteries
Lithium Ion Car Batteries
Lithium Ion Battery Costs
Global Car Production
Global Hybrid Car Market
Global NIMH Hybrid Car Battery Market
Global Lithium Ion Car Battery Market
Lithium Demand in Lithium Ion Batteries For Hybrids, PHEVs and EVs
Lanthanum Demand in NIMH Batteries for HEVs
Opportunities
Risks
Competitive Environment
Winners
A123 Systems, Altairnano, BYD, Dong Energy, Electrovaya,
Ener1, GS Yuasa, Johnson Controls Saft, LG Chem, Toshiba, Toyota,
US Automotive Battery Consortium
Contents
Batteries / Hybrids / EVs
ELECTRIC VEHICLE TECHnoLoGY
Definitions: EV, RESS, FEV, BEV, HEV, PHEV
FEVs/Electric cars
Electric Cars History
Electric Cars Present and Future
EV offerings: Aptera Motors, Chrysler, Daimler AG, Dodge, Ford, Fuji
Heavy Industries, General Motors, Honda, Miles Electric Vehicles,
Mitsubishi Motors, Renault, REVA, Tata, Tesla Motors, Toyota Motor Corp.
Plug In Hybrid Electric Vehicles
PHEV offerings: Aptera Motors, BYD Auto,
Fisker Automotive, General Motors, Toyota Motor Corp., Volkswagen
EV Advantages: running costs, Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Criticisms
Acceleration and Drivetrain Design
Charging Issues
Charging Stations and Battery Swaping:
Power Requirements, Project Better Place
Travel Range Before Recharging
Swapping And Removing
Battery Lifespan
Safety Issues
UltraBatteries/Supercapacitors: AFS Trinity, EEstor. Zenn Motor Company
The National Alliance for Advanced Transportation
Battery Cell Manufacture
2009 Economic Stimulus Bill
Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan Program
A123Systems, Advanced Mechanical Products, Chrysler, Ener1, Ford, GM
Political Drivers For Electric Vehicles
Road Map To The Future
BATTERY TECHnoLoGIES
EV Batteries
Lead Acid Batteries
Firefly Energy
Zebra Battery
Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries
Cobasys , GM Ovonic
Lithium Ion Batteries
A123Systems, LG Chem, Subaru
Lithium Ion Battery History
Lithium Ion Electrochemistry
Lithium Ion Advantages
Lithium Ion Disadvantages: shelf life, high internal resistance, protection
circuits required, safety features
Specification and Design
Improvements To Lithium Ion Battery Technology: maganese spinel
cathodes, lithium iron phosphate cathode with traditional anode, high power
cathode using lithium nickel manganese cobalt, traditional cathode with
lithium titanate anode, combined anode and cathode developments
Research Developments
Prolonging Life in Multiple Cells Through Cell Balancing
Safety
Comparison of Rechargeable Battery Technologies
Electric Vehicle Battery Manufacturers
Lithium Ion Battery Developers Expected Vehicles
A123Systems, Altair Technologies, Altairno, Electrovaya, EnerDel, E One
Moli Energy, Hitachi, Imara Corporation, Johnson Conrols Saft, LG Chem,
Lishen, NEC Corp., Panasonic EV Energy Co., Phoenix Motorcars, Samsung,
Sanyo, Valence Technology
LITHIUM
Background
Production
Competitive Environment
Consumption
Prices
Foreign Trade
World Review
Argentina
Australia
Bolivia
Canada
Chile
China
Finland
Serbia
Outlook
Supply-Demand Controversies
Admiralty Resources NL, Avalon Rare Metals Inc., Chemetall Foote Corp.,
FMC Corp., GlobeStar Mining Corp., Keliber Oy, HudBay Minerals Corp.,
Nordic Mining ASA, Rio Tinto Plc., SQM, Sumitomo Corp.,
Talison Minerals Pty, Ltd., Western Lithium Corp.
RARE EARTHS
Background
Technological Applications
Geologic Distribution
Lanthanum
REE Production
REE Consumption
REE Prices
REE Resources
US Competitive Environment
World Competitive Environment
Australia
Brazil
Batteries / Hybrids / EVs
Canada
China
Japan
Malaysia
Outlook
NiMH Batteries Lanthanum Supply Limits
Advanced Material Japan Corporation, Alkane Explorations Ltd.,
Avalon Rare Metals Inc., Baotou Steel, Grace Davison,
Great Western Minerals Group Ltd.,
Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare Earth Hi-Tech Co Ltd., Lynas Corp. Ltd.,
Molycorp, Inc., Rhodia Electronics and Catalysis, Santoku America, Inc.
CoMpAnY pRofILES
A123 Systems, Inc.
Arafura Resources Limited
Avalon Rare Metals Inc.
Enax, Inc.
EnerSys
FMC Corp
Ford Motor Company
General Motors
Great Western Minerals Group Ltd.
GS Yuasa Corporation
Honda Motor Co., Ltd
Johnson Controls
Inner Mongolia Baotousteel Rare Earth Hi-Tech Co., Ltd.
LG Chem Ltd.
Lynas Corporation Ltd.
NEC Corporation
Nordic Mining ASA
Rhodia SA
Rockwood Holdings
SANYO Electric Co., Ltd.
SQM S.A.
Tesla Motors, Inc.
Toyota Motor
Western Lithium Canada Corporation
Batteries / Hybrids / EVs
oTHER CoMpAnIES dISCUSSEd
BMW
Chevron Corporation
Compact Power, Inc.
Continental Automotive Systems
Daimler AG
Energy Conversion Devices
Ford Motor Co.
Magna International Inc.
Saft
STMicroelectronics
Tanfield Group
TABLES
1 Global Motor Vehicle Production By Region And Country:
2 Global Car Production By Region: 2004-
3 Global Car Production By Type: 2008-
4 US /European Hybrid Car Markets: 2015-
5 Global Hybrid Car And Nickel-Metal
Hydride Battery Markets: 2008-
6 Global Hybrid/PHEV/EV Lithium-Ion Battery Market: 2015-
7 Global Lithium Demand In Hybrids, Phevs, Evs:
8 Global Lanthanum Demand In Hybrids:
9 Battery Producers, Car OEMS, Lithium Miners
And Rare Earth Miners Company Financial Comparisons
10 Lithium-Ion Battery Developers-Expected Vehicles
11 US /Global Lithium Market
12 Lithium Minerals And Brine-World Production By Country: 2004-
13 Global Lithium Reserves By Source:
14 Global Lithium Reserves By Country:
15 Rare Earths: Estimated World Production By Country: 2002-
16 US Earth Elements Consumption: 2003-
17 Rare Earth Oxide Prices By Type:
18 Rare Earth Contents Of Major And Potential Source Minerals:
19 World Rare Earth Elements Production And Reserves:
fIGURES
1 Comparison Of Rechargeable Battery Technologies

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